scholarly journals Association between oral candidiasis and low CD4+ count among HIV positive patients in Hoima Regional Referral Hospital

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina Nanteza ◽  
Jayne B Tusiime ◽  
Joan Kalyango ◽  
Arabat Kasangaki
Keyword(s):  
Oral Candidiasis ◽  
Cd4 Count ◽  
Referral Hospital ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Regional Referral Hospital

scholarly journals Mucocutaneous infections in HIV positive patients attending a tertiary care institution: a descriptive study

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 175
Author(s):  
Neethu Haridas ◽  
Kunnummal Muhammed ◽  
Sarita S.
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Oral Candidiasis ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cd4 Count ◽  
Herpes Genitalis ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Care Institution ◽  
Tertiary Care Institution

<p><strong>Background: </strong>AIDS is characterized by the waning of body’s immunity leaving the victim to the multitude of life threatening opportunistic infections, neurological disorders or malignancies. Dermatologic manifestations occur in more than 90% of patients with HIV infection most often due to infections.  The awareness of the varied patterns of these skin lesions would help in early diagnosis and management of these in HIV infection, which in turn reduce the morbidity and improve quality of life.<strong></strong></p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Observational study from 1<sup>st</sup> April 2012 to 31<sup>st</sup> March 2013 in a tertiary care institution of North Kerala. HIV positive patients attending sexually transmitted infection clinic of Dermato venereology department, anti-retroviral treatment clinic (ART clinic) and infectious diseases ward of Department of Medicine of a tertiary care centre were examined after consent for mucocutaneous infections.  <strong></strong></p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study population comprised of 206 HIV infected patients with mucocutaneous infections. The male to female ratio was 2.07:1. Most of the affected belong to 30-50 years age group. Majority were manual laborers(49.3%) and in stage3 HIV disease. 107 patients had CD4 Count below 350 at the time of study(51.9%) whereas 40 cases (19.4%) had CD4Count above 500.<strong> </strong>Most common mucocutaneous infection was oral candidiasis (51%), followed by onychomycosis (16.5%). Out of 29 patients with dermatophytosis majority had tinea cruris (18 patients). Bacterial was second commonest infection. Only 3 patients had tuberculoid leprosy, one with type 1 reaction.<strong> </strong>Common viral infection was herpes zoster followed by herpes genitalis and conyloma accuminata. 11 patients had verruca vulgaris, one with extensive lesions.<strong> </strong>Out of 206 patients 28 had sexually transmitted infections (STIs) other than HIV, herpes genitalis being the commonest. Syphilis observed in 4 patients (1.9%). 162 patients (78.6%) were on HAART. The response to treatment was better in patients with CD4 Count above 500cells/mm<sup>3</sup>. <strong></strong></p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong>Oral candidiasis, onychomycosis, pyoderma and ulcerative STIs were noted in significant number of HIV infected individuals. These were more common in those with CD4Count below 300 cells/ mm<sup>3</sup>. <sup>.</sup>Those patients with CD4 Count above 500 cells/ mm<sup>3</sup> responded well to treatment. </p>

scholarly journals Barriers and Facilitators of Art Adherence Among Hiv Positive Patients in Community Client-led Art Delivery Groups at Lira Regional Referral Hospital

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rogers Isabirye ◽  
Steven Sean Puleh ◽  
Didan Jacob Opii ◽  
Sharon Opio-Ekit ◽  
Alice kawomera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Cultural Beliefs ◽  
Referral Hospital ◽  
Barriers And Facilitators ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Art Adherence ◽  
Regional Referral Hospital ◽  
Efficient Delivery ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Art Delivery

Abstract Background: The community client-led ART delivery groups (CCLADs) was introduced as one of the strategies to better serve individual needs and reduce unnecessary burdens on the health system. However, no study has comprehensively explained what are the drivers and barriers of CCLADs in improving treatment outcomes. This study sought to assess the barriers and facilitators of ART adherence among HIV positive patients attending CCLADs at Lira Regional Referral Hospital (LRRH), Lira District.Method: We employed a mixed methodology involving 150 study participants between July to August 2020. Quantitative data was obtained from all the participants that were picked through systematic random sampling using a semi-structured questionnaire. Data was entered into SPSS version 23.0 and analyzed at 95% level of significance. We conducted 25 in-depth interviews guided by a checklist. Qualitative data was analyzed through thematic content analysis of major themes that emerged from participants’ responses.Results: Our study found that majority 94.7% (142/150) of the respondents had an optimal adherence (100%) calculated retrospectively based on a 4-day pill uptake recall. In addition, 39.3% (59/150) of participants in CCLADs at LRRH had missed taking a pill in a period of at least 4 weeks. Among all the 104 respondents that had ever missed a medication, the most frequent reason (35% (35/104)) for missing a medication was travelling far away.From qualitative data, social support, patient self-motivation, health education and counselling and guidance were the major facilitators to adherence. On the other hand, lack of food, stigma, forgetfulness, stress, unfair hospital staffs and cultural beliefs were the major perceived barriers to ART adherence.Conclusion/recommendation: Good adherence was attributed to availability of ART at the clinic and an efficient delivery strategy. More health care follow up interventions should be designed to ensure total pill uptake by PLWHIV in communities.

scholarly journals Prevalence of HIV and Associated Risk Factors Among Infants Born to HIV Positive Mothers Attending Entebbe Regional Referral Hospital.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
KEEFA WAMALA ◽  
Ronald Nuwamanya ◽  
Moses Muwanga
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Referral Hospital ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Regional Referral Hospital ◽  
Hiv Exposed Infants ◽  
Hiv Positive Mothers ◽  
Hiv Exposed ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
Mother To Child

Background: Uganda has an estimated 1.4 million people living with HIV with about 52,000 infections occurring every year. In 2018, 160,000 children were reported to have become infected with HIV. Globally, HIV exposed infants have delayed access to Early Infant Diagnosis (EID) of HIV, thus hampering efforts towards zero new infections. In Uganda, the prevalence of HIV among infants is not recorded, peak mortality for infants born with HIV occurs between 2 and 3 months of age. Vertical transmission of HIV from mother to child is the second commonest route of transmission of HIV in Uganda accounting for 18% of all new infections. This study assessed the prevalence of HIV and associated risk factors among infants born to HIV positive mothers attending Entebbe regional referral hospital. Methodology: a cross-sectional study was conducted at a paediatric ward and Mother-Child Health (MCH) General Department of Entebbe Regional Referral Hospital. The study included 78 HIV-exposed infants whose blood samples were collected and analyzed to know their HIV status and data about risk factors was also collected. Data were collected using questionnaires from mothers. Data were then entered into an Excel spreadsheet and analysed by SPSS Version 20. Results: The prevalence of HIV infection among HIV exposed infants is 5.1%.  Delay in child diagnosis, breastfeeding was the factors that increased the risk of mother-to-child transmission of HIV in this study. Conclusion and recommendations: Having such a significant figure greater than the proposed WHO recommendation of less than 5% new infections in infants in the era of the world’s pledge to eliminate MTCT of HIV is unbearable therefore, interventions need to be done to lower this prevalence

scholarly journals Cutaneous Maniestations In HIV Positive Paediatric Patients

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-19
Author(s):  
KR Ullal ◽  
B Kondreddy ◽  
M Kuruvila ◽  
K Bhat
Keyword(s):  
Oral Candidiasis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cd4 Count ◽  
Severe Illness ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cutaneous Manifestations ◽  
Cd4 Counts ◽  
Paediatric Patients ◽  
Cd4 Cell

Background: Over the past decade Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection has emerged as a major cause of severe illness and death in childhood in the United States and throughout the world. CD4 cell count and CD4 cell percentage are key markers for determining disease progress and the risk for opportunistic infection (OI) in HIV-infected patients. Objectives: This study was carried out to analyze the cutaneous manifestations in HIV positive paediatric patients and to correlate their pattern and severity with CD4 count. Material and Methods: This was a hospital based study wherein all HIV positive patients in the paediatric age group were screened for cutaneous manifestations over a period of two years, CD4 counts were estimated and their severity and atypical presentations were correlated with the CD4 counts. Results: Out of the 104 children included in this study, 93 had cutaneous manifestations. Transplacental was the commonest mode of transmission. There was a significant risk of Grade III malnutrition (p=0.03). Dermatological manifestations were present in all with CD4 count less than 200. The highest mean CD4 count was for bacterial infections and the lowest was for oral candidiasis. The mean CD4 count for fungal infection, oral candidiasis and xerosis were statistically significant (p=0.001, 0.002, 0.025 respectively) Conclusion: This study shows that the prevalence of mucocutaneous manifestations increases with advanced immunosuppression in pediatric age group and help in early recognition of the infection. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njdvl.v12i1.10591 Nepal Journal of Dermatology, Venereology & Leprology Vol.12(1) 2014 pp.14-19

scholarly journals Primary oral cryptococcosis in an HIV-positive woman with suppressed viral load and normal CD4 count: a rare case

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. e242633
Author(s):  
Antonio Jose Reyes ◽  
Kanterpersad Ramcharan ◽  
Samuel Aboh ◽  
Stanley Lawrence Giddings
Keyword(s):  
Viral Load ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Cd4 Count ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Positive Woman
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