Phytochemical Screening of Some Selected Nigerian Medicinal Plants

Developing countries, where malaria is one of the most prevalent diseases, still rely on traditional medicine as a source for the treatment of this disease. In the present study, six selected plants (Acalypha fruticosa,Azadirachta indica,Cissus rotundifolia,Echium rauwalfii,Dendrosicyos socotranaandBoswellia elongata) commonly used in Yemen by traditional healers for the treatment of malaria as well as other diseases, were collected from different localities of Yemen, dried and extracted with methanol and water successfully. The antiplasmodial activity of the extracts was evaluated against fresh clinical isolates ofPlasmodium falciparum. The selectivity parameters to evaluate the efficacy of these medicinal plants were measured byin vitromicro test (Mark III) according to World Health Organization (WHO) 1996 & WHO 2001 protocols of antimalarial drug tests. Among the investigated 12 extracts, three were found to have significant antiplasmodial activity with IC50values less than 4 µg/ml, namely the water extracts ofA. fruticosa,A. indicaandD. socotrana. Six extracts showed moderate activity with IC50values ranging from 10 to 30 µg/ml and three appeared to be inactive with IC50values more than 30 µg/ml. In addition, preliminary phytochemical screening of the methanolic and aqueous extracts indicated the presence of saponins, tannins, flavonoids, terpenoids, polysaccharides and peptides.

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Phytochemical screening and in vivo antimalarial activity of extracts from three medicinal plants used in malaria treatment in Nigeria

Parasitology Research ◽

10.1007/s00436-015-4747-x ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 115 (1) ◽

pp. 299-305 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

A. E. Bankole ◽

A. A. Adekunle ◽

A. A. Sowemimo ◽

C. E Umebese ◽

O Abiodun ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Medicinal Plants ◽

Antimalarial Activity ◽

Malaria Treatment ◽

Phytochemical Screening

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In Vitro Antimalarial Activity of Extracts of Some Indigenous Plant Species in Kebbi State

UMYU Journal of Microbiology Research (UJMR) ◽

10.47430/ujmr.2052.001 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Aisha Abdulrazak ◽

Keyword(s):

Medicinal Plants ◽

Aqueous Extract ◽

Antimalarial Activity ◽

Antimicrobial Activities ◽

Antiplasmodial Activity ◽

Phytochemical Screening ◽

Indigenous Plants ◽

Traditional Use ◽

Water As Solvent

The search for antimalarial compounds has been necessitated by the resistance of Plasmodium falciparum to almost all antimalarial drugs. The aim of this research was to determine in-vitro antimalarial activity of extracts of some indigenous plants species in Kebbi State. Plant extraction was carried-out by maceration using ethanol and water as solvent. The antiplasmodial activity of the extracts was evaluated against fresh clinical isolates of P. falciparum using WHO method of in-vitro micro test. Phytochemical screening was also carried out on the extract to deduce the active chemicals present in the plant extract. All plant extracts demonstrate dose dependent antimicrobial activities with IC50 Less than 50%. However highest growth inhibition of the P. falciparum was demonstrated by aqueous and ethanol extract of A. indica with IC50 7.4µg/ml and 8.6µg/ml respectively followed by ethanol and aqueous extract of C. occidentalis with IC50 15.3µg/ml and 18.0µg/ml respectively. Least antimalarial activity was demonstrated by aqueous extract of M. oleifera with IC50 33.5µg/ml while ethanolic extract of M. oleifera demonstrated IC50 of 20.50µg/ml. M. indica ethanolic and aqueous extract also demonstrated moderate antimalarial activity with IC50 18.8µg/ml and 24.5µg/ml. The phytochemical screening of medicinal plants showed the presence of tannins, saponins, alkaloids, flavonoid, phenol and cardiac glycosides in the extracts, which may be responsible for the antiplasmodial activity. This result justifies the traditional use of the plant in malaria treatment and further research is suggested to identify and characterize the active principles from the plants. Keywords: Antimalaria, Invitro, Medicinal Plants, Malaria, Kebbi

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Phytochemical Screening and Biocidal Studies Of Stem Bark Chrysophyllum Albidum (Linn) And Straw Aristolochia Ringens from Nigeria.

JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND REVIEW IN SCIENCE ◽

10.36108/jrrslasu/7102/40(0142) ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Moses Owolabi

Keyword(s):

Medicinal Plants ◽

Cytotoxic Activity ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Stem Bark ◽

Breast Tumour ◽

Tumour Cells ◽

Bacterial Activity ◽

Liver Tumour ◽

Phytochemical Screening ◽

Health Maintenance

Introduction: Medicinal plants play a significant role in the health maintenance in underdeveloped countries, herbs and spices continue serve as a new sources for herbal medicines. Aim: The objective was to investigate phytochemical screening and biocidal activity on stem bark Chrysophyllum albidum (Linn) and straw Aristolochia ringens using chloroform. Methods: Chloroform extracts of C. albidum and A. ringens were obtained and screened for phytochemical constituents. The colour intensity or the precipitate formation was used as analytical responses to these tests. The Antimicrobial activities crude extracts were evaluated against some microorganisms with broth microdilution test. The extracts were screened for in-vitro cytotoxic activity against breast tumour and liver tumour cells. Results: The results of the phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, saponins, steroids, anthraquinone and glycosides. C. albidum and A. ringens chloroform extracts revealed high quantities of alkaloid and flavonoid respectively. While cardiac glycoside and anthraquinone were found with low quantity in C. albidum and A. ringens extracts respectively. C. albidum showed promising bacterial activity against Escherichia coli and cytotoxic activity to liver tumour cells. While A. ringens, showed excellent bacterial activity against Bacillus cereus and good fungal activity against Candida albicans. A. ringens also showed cytotoxic to liver tumour and breast tumour cells. The observed antimicrobial and cytotoxic effects may be due to the antagonist or synergistic effect of the secondary metabolites identified in the extracts. Conclusion: Medicinal plants studied showed good potential biological activities that support the idea that traditional medicines remain useful healthcare in developing countries

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Medicinal plants used in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia: Phytochemical screening

Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences ◽

10.1016/j.sjbs.2020.11.013 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 28 (1) ◽

pp. 805-812

Author(s):

Afnan Alqethami ◽

Amal Y. Aldhebiani

Keyword(s):

Saudi Arabia ◽

Medicinal Plants ◽

Phytochemical Screening

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Phytochemical screening and antioxidant activity of some medicinal plants’ crude juices

Biotechnology Reports ◽

10.1016/j.btre.2020.e00536 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 28 ◽

pp. e00536

Author(s):

Radwan S. Farag ◽

Mohamed S. Abdel-Latif ◽

Hanaa H. Abd El Baky ◽

Layla S. Tawfeek

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Medicinal Plants ◽

Phytochemical Screening

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Preliminary phytochemical screening and antimicrobial evaluation of three medicinal plants used in Nigeria

African Journal of Traditional Complementary and Alternative Medicines ◽

10.4314/ajtcam.v8i4.7 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

H Baba ◽

A Onanuga

Keyword(s):

Medicinal Plants ◽

Phytochemical Screening ◽

Antimicrobial Evaluation

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Phytochemical Screening, Free Radical Scavenging and α-Amylase Inhibitory Activities of Selected Medicinal Plants from Western Nepal

Medicines ◽

10.3390/medicines6020070 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 70 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Kusum Sai ◽

Rashmi Thapa ◽

Hari Prasad Devkota ◽

Khem Raj Joshi

Keyword(s):

Free Radical ◽

Medicinal Plants ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Free Radical Scavenging ◽

Free Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Scavenging Activity ◽

Phytochemical Screening ◽

Inhibitory Activities

Background: More than 700 plants are reported to be used for medicinal purposes in Nepal; however, many of them are not studied for their scientific evidences. The aims of the present study were the estimation of the total phenolic and flavonoid contents, and the evaluation of the free radical scavenging and α-amylase inhibitory activities of five selected medicinal plants from western Nepal: Aeschynanthus parviflorus Wall. (Gesneriaceae), Buddleja asiatica Lour. (Loganiaceae), Carica papaya L. (Caricaceae), Drepanostachyum falcatum (Nees) Keng f. (Gramineae) and Spondias pinnata (L. f.) Kurz (Anacardiaceae). Methods: The total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) were measured using Folin-Ciocalteu’s phenol reagent and aluminium chloride methods, respectively. A 1,1–diphenyl–2–picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging assay was used to evaluate the free radical scavenging activity and an α-amylase inhibitory assay was carried out to determine the in vitro antidiabetic activity. Results: The phytochemical screening of five hydroalcoholic plant extracts revealed the presence of various secondary metabolites, including alkaloids, flavonoids, reducing sugars, saponins, terpenoids and tannins. The amounts of total phenolics and flavonoids were found to be the highest in B. asiatica leaf extract, which also showed the most potent free radical scavenging activity. Extract of C. papaya fruits showed the highest α-amylase inhibitory activity, whereas the extracts of B. asiatica leaves and S. pinnata leaves exhibited moderate activity. Conclusions: Some of the medicinal plants selected in this study showed high TPC and TFC values and potent bioactivities. These results may provide the scientific evidences of the traditional uses of these plants. However, further detailed studies on bioactive compounds isolation and identification and evaluation of in vivo pharmacological activities should be performed in future.

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