scholarly journals Seedling Mortality in Quercus Leucotrichophora A. Camus, Pinus Roxburghii D. Don and Shorea Robusta Gaertn Forest of Kumaun Himalaya, India.

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
Sanjay Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Seedling Mortality ◽  
Pinus Roxburghii ◽  
Kumaun Himalaya ◽  
Shorea Robusta ◽  
Quercus Leucotrichophora

scholarly journals Patterns of Phenological Characteristics of Important Tree Species of Kumaun Himalaya

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-157
Author(s):  
Amit Mittal ◽  
Ashish Tewari ◽  
Nandan Singh ◽  
Somesh Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Activity Period ◽  
Pinus Roxburghii ◽  
Kumaun Himalaya ◽  
Forest Division ◽  
Male Flowers ◽  
Seed Fall ◽  
Myrica Esculenta ◽  
Study Sites ◽  
Quercus Leucotrichophora

Phenology is one of the simplest and most effective study to understanding the role of climate change in recent scenario. A number of biotic and abiotic drivers controlled the timing and duration of various phenophases in same or different species. Temperature, rainfall and photoperiod are key drivers which adversely affect the phenology of woody plant. The study sites were conductedat 413 and 2345m elevation in Nainital forest division of Kumaun Himalaya. The phenological study were carried out onShores robusta, Mallotus philippinensis, Pinus roxburghii, Myrica esculenta,Quercus leucotrichophora and Rhododendron arboreum. The phenological observations were made at 15 days interval for low activity period and weekly in the periods of high activity. Phenological records were made for four phenophases, viz., leafing, leaf drop, flowering and seed fall.The leaf fall in S. robusta started from March 2nd week and was complete by the end of April. In M. philippinensis the fruiting commenced from the beginning of December and seed fall was complete by the 3rd week of April. In M. esculenta male flowers appear from August end and flowering was complete by October end.In R. arboreum seed dispersal started from February end and all the capsules had opened by mid-March. It is apparent from the present study that the phenological events of species controlled/shifted due to climatic irregularities and temperaturerise and these phenomena showed worldwide. Microclimatic condition alsoresponsible for controlling/shifting the phenological patterns of same or different species.

Structure and Regeneration of Sal (Shorea robusta Gaertn. f.) Forests in Shiwalik Region of Kumaun Himalaya, India

2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Bhawna Adhikari ◽  
◽  
Bhawana Kapkoti ◽  
Neelu Lodhiyal ◽  
L.S. Lodhiyal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Tree Canopy ◽  
Canopy Density ◽  
Kumaun Himalaya ◽  
Shorea Robusta ◽  
Canopy Trees ◽  
Dense Forest ◽  
Open Forest ◽  
Sal Forest

Present study was carried out to assess the structure and regeneration of Sal forests in Shiwalik region of Kumaun Himalaya. Vegetation analysis and tree canopy density was determined by using quadrat and densitometer, respectively. Density of seedlings, saplings and trees was 490-14067, 37-1233, and 273-863 ind.ha-1 respectively. The basal area was 0.12-5.44 m2 ha-1 reported for saplings and 25.4-77.6 m2 ha-1 for trees. Regeneration of Sal was found good in Sal mixed dense forest followed by Sal open forest and Sal dense forest, respectively. Regeneration of Sal was assisted by the presence of associated tree species as well as the sufficient sunlight availability on ground due to adequate opening of canopy trees in Sal forest. Thus it is concluded that the density of tree canopy, sunlight availability and also associated tree species impacted the regeneration of Sal in the region.

Assessment of Biomass Expansion Factor (BEF) and Root-to-shoot Ratio (R) for some Tree Species of Uttarakhand, India

2014 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 371-377
Author(s):  
Laxmi Rawat ◽  
Pramod Kumar ◽  
Nishita Giri
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Tectona Grandis ◽  
Expansion Factor ◽  
Pinus Roxburghii ◽  
Biomass Expansion Factor ◽  
Shorea Robusta ◽  
Shoot Ratio ◽  
Harvesting Method ◽  
Root To Shoot Ratio ◽  
Age Series

The present study was conducted in Shorea robusta (sal), Pinus roxburghii (Chir pine), Tectona grandis (Teak) and Ailanthus excelsa (Ardu) plantations of different ages at different sites in Uttarakhand. Biomass was calculated on the basis of complete tree harvesting method (stratified mean tree technique method). Biomass Expansion Factor (BEF) and root-to-shoot ratio (R) of all these 4 tree species have been calculated and presented in this paper. Sample trees of S. robusta were of 45, 53 and 60 years of age. BEF for all these 3 age series were assessed as 1.3 at 45 years, 1.4 at 53 years and 1.2 at 60 years of age. Similarly, R values were assessed as 0.27, 0.28 and 0.26, respectively, in these 3 age series. BEF and R values assessed for T. grandis (28 years age) as 1.46 and 0.21; and for A. excelsa (39 years age) as 1.23 and 0.23, respectively. BEF for P. roxburghii trees calculated as 2.3 for 13 years age, 1.75 for 20 years, 1.71 for 22 years, 1.5 for 33 years and 1.46 for trees of 45 years of age. Similarly, R values were 0.2 for 13 years, 0.21 for 20 years, 0.12 for 22 years, 0.13 for 33 years and 0.15 for 45 years of age. P. roxburghii sample trees have shown decreasing order of BEF with increasing age, whereas S. robusta has not shown such trend along the chronosequence.

scholarly journals Diversité des essences et régénération de forêts communautaires à Sal (Shorea robusta) dans la région centrale du Népal

2009 ◽  
Vol 300 (300) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Indra Prasad Sapkota ◽  
Mulualem Tigabu ◽  
Per Christer Oden
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Roxburghii ◽  
Shorea Robusta ◽  
Eugenia Jambolana ◽  
Composition Spécifique ◽  
Composition Floristique

Cette étude a porté sur la diversité et la régénération d¿essences forestières dans deux forêts communautaires à Sal (Shorea robusta) au centre du Népal, la forêt de plaine de Bhabar (LEF) et une forêt d¿altitude (HEF). Les essences de plus de 30 cm de hauteur ont été dénombrées sur 16 quadrats systématiquement délimités. La densité, la dominance et la fréquence ainsi que l¿indice des valeurs d¿importance (IVI) des essences ont été calculés afin de caractériser la composition floristique. La densité des peuplements, la surface terrière et des mesures de diversité ont été calculées afin d¿analyser la structure et l¿hétérogénéité des peuplements de chaque communauté forestière. Au total, 17 familles, 19 genres et 21 espèces étaient représentées dans la LEF. Pour la HEF, le total recensé est de 13, 18 et 21, respectivement. Les résultats de l¿étude indiquent que Shorea robusta est l¿essence la plus abondante aussi bien pour la LEF (IVI = 174,4%) que la HEF (IVI = 206,9%). Il ressort nettement de l¿étude une association de Shorea robusta, Schima wallichi et Syzygium operculatum dans la forêt LEF et de Shorea robusta, Pinus roxburghii et Eugenia jambolana dans la HEF. La densité des peuplements et la surface terrière de la LEF (13 231 tiges/ha, 34,30 m2/ha) est plus élevée que pour la HEF (7 787 tiges/ha, 20,69 m2/ha). Les indices de Shannon-Weiner et Simpson ont tout deux fait ressortir une densité plus importante pour la HEF (H¿= 2,42, 1 D = 0,64) que pour la LEF (H¿= 1,38, 1 D = 0,35). L¿état de régénération des deux forêts à Sal semble globalement satisfaisant, avec 38% et 33% de l¿ensemble des espèces de la LEF et la HEF, respectivement, représentées aux stades du plant et de la régénération avancée. L¿étude conclut que les variations en termes de composition spécifique, de diversité et de régénération s¿expliquent en partie par l¿altitude. (Résumé d'auteur)

scholarly journals Growth Versus Storage in Quercus leucotrichophora and Pinus roxburghii Seedlings in Response to Changes in Nutrient and Water Availability

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 494-499 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiran Bargali ◽  
S. S Bargali
Keyword(s):  
Water Availability ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Nutrient Level ◽  
Pinus Roxburghii ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Nutrient Environment ◽  
Chir Pine ◽  
Banj Oak ◽  
Quercus Leucotrichophora ◽  
And Storage

In this paper, growth and storage of carbon and nitrogen in seedlings of banj oak (Quercus leucotrichophora A. Camus) and chir pine (Pinus roxburghii Sarg.) have been compared across different levels of nutrient and water availabilities. Four nutrient (144, 264, 384 and 504 mg of NPK fertilizer per kg soil) and three watering (21 days,14 days and 7 days interval) treatments were applied to seedlings. At low watering levels, seedling dry mass of both the species decreased towards higher nutrient level. However, at high watering level, dry mass increased with increasing water availability. When water availability was increased in a constant nutrient environment, dry mass of seedling increased with increase in water availability. Both the species showed a similar pattern of storing nitrogen instead of increasing biomass particularly at low watering levels. However, at each nutrient level, growth and storage increased with increasing moisture availability. As compared to Q. leucotrichophora, seedlings of P. roxburghii favoured growth over storage (according to its more competitive strategy), although this species accumulated more carbon and nitrogen towards the higher nutrient level.

Geo-forestry of Landslide-affected Areas in a Part of Central Himalaya

1986 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 299-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.K. Tiwari ◽  
J.S. Mehta ◽  
O.P. Goel ◽  
J.S. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Forest Type ◽  
Pine Forest ◽  
Aerial Photographs ◽  
Central Himalaya ◽  
Forest Types ◽  
Pinus Roxburghii ◽  
Shorea Robusta ◽  
Crown Cover ◽  
Chir Pine

Black-and-white aerial photographs were used to map the lithology, land-use/forest types, and landslide zones (namely old, active, or potential) in a part of Central Himalaya. The landslide and land-use/forest type maps were simultaneously studied, and the frequency distribution of the landslide zones in different land-uses and forest types was estimated. The correlation between the maps indicated the following: In old landslide-affected sites, agriculture was the predominant land-use, followed by Pinus roxburghii forest (≤ 40% crown cover), scrub vegetation, and wasteland (including grassland). The presence of other forests (e.g. forests dominated by climax species such as Shorea robusta at low elevations and Quercus spp. at higher elevations) indicates a high potentiality of recovery of the ecosystems involved, provided biotic (especially anthropic) factors are not too intensive.The active and potential landslide zones were concentrated along geologically active planes, namely thrusts and faults, and/or in the vicinity of toe-erosion of hill-slopes. These two were dominated by P.roxburghii forest (≤ 40% crown cover). The broadleaf forests showed minimal signs of active and potential landslides, perhaps because of their multistratal character which is conducive to minimizing soil-loss compared with the mostly single-storeyed Chir Pine forest. It is, therefore, suggested that the sites should be maintained under a multistratal broadleaf canopy to conserve the soil. Where, however, the Chir Pine forest is already developed, appropriate silvicultural measures may be taken to increase its crown cover to more than 40%.

An ecological appraisal of Pinus roxburghii Sarg. (Chir pine) and Shorea robusta Gaertn. (Sal) plantations in Doon valley

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-113
Author(s):  
Subramanian Sivaranjani ◽  
◽  
Vijender Pal Panwar ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Lantana Camara ◽  
Pine Plantation ◽  
Broussonetia Papyrifera ◽  
Pinus Roxburghii ◽  
Shorea Robusta ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Pine Trees ◽  
Chemical Attributes ◽  
Chir Pine

The present study focused on phyto-sociological and physico-chemical attributes of soil in Pinus roxburghii (Chir pine) and Shorea robusta (Sal) plantations in a reserved estate of New Forest, Dehradun. A total of 33 plant species comprising of 18 trees, 10 shrubs and five herbs were recorded from the study area. The tree density, in chir pine was lower 950 individuals/ ha as compared to 1073 individuals/ ha in sal vegetation. In saplings, high density was observed for Syzygium cumini (20 individuals/ 100m2) in sal followed by Broussonetia papyrifera (19 individuals/100m2) in chir pine plantation. Lantana camara, marked its presence with highest density (49 individuals/100 m2) in chir pine followed by Clerodendrum infortunatum (18 individuals/100 m2) in sal plantation. Higher tree basal cover (51 m2/ha) was recorded in sal than chir pine (19 m2/ha). Similarly, the tree diversity in sal was recorded higher (1.68) as compared to chir pine (1.51) plantation. Contrarily, sapling diversity was higher (2.81) in chir pine as compared to sal (2.52) plantation. Herbaceous flora was completely absent in sal plantation. Analysis of size class distribution revealed that sal trees (~ 29%) attained 21-30 cm diameter whereas chir pine trees (68%) were under 11-20 cm diameter class mainly due to preferred growing zone of the species and habitat suitability. The soil under chir pine was slightly acidic (5.98) with sandy loam texture. Soil was comparatively good with higher soil organic carbon (2.71%) under sal plantation mainly due to high humus deposition. It is suggested to restrict wide spread of Lantana camara in chir pine plantation for the better growth of the species and enhance nutrient availability.

Assessment of forest vegetation and anthropogenic pressure in Ramgarh region of Uttarakhand, West Himalaya

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-76
Author(s):  
Bhawana Kapkoti Negi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Anthropogenic Disturbance ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressure ◽  
Vegetation Types ◽  
Vegetation Analysis ◽  
Pinus Roxburghii ◽  
Regeneration Status ◽  
West Himalaya ◽  
Quercus Floribunda ◽  
Quercus Leucotrichophora ◽  
Conservation And Management

Forest is a complex system, consisting of distinct forest communities, and status of any forest can be recognized by analysing its vegetation. For vegetation analysis phytosociological analysis is the best approach. The present study was carried out at 8 different sites of Ramgarh region using different phytosociological parameters. The results of this study revealed, on the basis of IVI, that five major vegetation types viz. Pinus roxburghii, Quercus leucotrichophora, mixed broad leaved, Quercus floribunda and Rhododendron arboreum were dominating this region. The distribution of most of the tree species was random and there was no species having good regeneration status at any site of the region. It was also observed that the anthropogenic disturbance is changing the species richness and diversity of the region. Thus, the conservation and management of these sites are important for the sustainability of forests in the region.

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