Association of Systemic Medication Exposure With Glaucoma Progression and Glaucoma Suspect Conversion in the Groningen Longitudinal Glaucoma Study

The first drug discovered to be involved in the development of gingival hyperplasia is phenytoin, which is indicated in the treatment of epileptic patients. The other drugs are calcium channel blockers with vasodilating effect. The most important one is Nifedipine, while Ciclosporin A, which is used as an immunosuppressant in the prevention of transplant rejection, causes gingival hyperplasia as a secondary effect. Gingival hyperplasia can reach an impressive volume, completely covering the dental crown and affecting the masticatory and physiognomic functions. The elucidation of the mechanism, by which drug-induced gingival hyperplasia occurs, favoring factors and the choice of conservative or surgical treatment methods, emphasizing the prophylactic treatment. The study batch was subject to intraoral and extraoral clinical examinations and the data were included in the dental treatment sheet of each patient, 11 patients aged over 60 years, who came to the Clinic ... in the period 2014-2016. The diagnosis was based on the anamnesis, the clinical aspect of the lesions and the histopathological examination. After the surgical excision of the hyperplasia affected area, recurrence was prevented by dispensarizing the patients and controlling the bacterial plaque through rigorous oral hygiene. Treatment depends on the severity of the lesions, as well as on the physionomic and masticatory functions. Conservative etiological therapy is attempted, by removing the bacterial plaque and local irritant factors, by reducing the dose of drugs, or by changing the systemic medication.

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Increased ratios of complement factors C3a to C3 in aqueous humor and serum mark glaucoma progression

Experimental Eye Research ◽

10.1016/j.exer.2021.108460 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 204 ◽

pp. 108460

Author(s):

W.H.G. Hubens ◽

H.J.M. Beckers ◽

T.G.M.F. Gorgels ◽

C.A.B. Webers

Keyword(s):

Aqueous Humor ◽

Glaucoma Progression ◽

Complement Factors

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996. The Potential for Reducing Opioid and Analgesic Prescriptions Via Herpes Zoster Vaccination

Open Forum Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1093/ofid/ofaa439.1182 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. S527-S527

Author(s):

Jean-Etienne Poirrier ◽

Justin Carrico ◽

Jessica K DeMartino ◽

Katherine A Hicks ◽

Jeffrey J Stoddard ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Herpes Zoster ◽

Age Group ◽

Opioid Prescription ◽

Varicella Zoster ◽

Effectiveness Model ◽

Prescription Rates ◽

Medication Exposure ◽

The Mean ◽

The Impact ◽

Analgesic Use

Abstract Background Herpes zoster (HZ), or shingles, is a common neurocutaneous disease caused by the reactivation of latent varicella zoster virus that often includes rash and neuropathic pain that may last for months. Opioids and other analgesics may be prescribed. Recombinant zoster vaccine (RZV) is preferentially recommended for the prevention of HZ in adults aged 50 years and older. This study aimed to assess the impact of RZV vaccination on opioid and other analgesic prescription-related outcomes. Methods Estimates of analgesic prescription rates (opioids, benzodiazepines, and other analgesics) among HZ cases were established using Truven claims data from 2012-2018 for adults aged 50 years and older. HZ case avoidance with RZV vaccination was calculated using a previously published cost-effectiveness model. This data was included in a calculator assessing the impact of RZV vaccination on analgesic prescription-related outcomes (compared to no vaccination). Results Between 24.4% and 28.0% of HZ cases in the observed claims had at least one opioid prescription, dependent on age group (4.5%-6.5% and 8.6%-19.6% for benzodiazepines and other analgesics, respectively). The mean number of opioid prescriptions per person in each age group with at least one opioid prescription was between 1.7 and 1.9 (1.7-2.3 and 1.7-2.0 prescriptions for benzodiazepines and other analgesics, respectively). Assuming a 1-million-person population and 65% RZV coverage, the calculator predicts RZV vaccination will prevent 75,002 cases of HZ and will prevent 19,311 people from being prescribed at least 1 HZ-related opioid, 4,502 people from being prescribed benzodiazepines, and 12,201 people from being prescribed other analgesics. Additionally, 34,520 HZ-related opioid prescriptions will be avoided (9,413 benzodiazepine prescriptions; 22,406 other analgesic prescriptions). Conclusion HZ is associated with high levels of opioid, benzodiazepine, and other analgesic use. Primary prevention of HZ by vaccination could potentially reduce opioid and other medication exposure. Disclosures Jean-Etienne Poirrier, PhD, MBA, The GSK group of companies (Employee, Shareholder) Justin Carrico, BS, GlaxoSmithKline (Consultant) Jessica K. DeMartino, PhD, The GlaxoSmithKline group of companies (Employee, Shareholder) Katherine A. Hicks, MS, BSPH, GlaxoSmithKline (Scientific Research Study Investigator, GSK pays my company for my contractual services.) Saurabh P. Nagar, MS, RTI Health Solutions (Employee) Juliana Meyers, MA, GlaxoSmithKline (Other Financial or Material Support, This study was funded by GlaxoSmithKline.)

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The Effect of a Short Course of Tocolytic Indomethacin on Urinary Biomarkers in Premature Infants

American Journal of Perinatology ◽

10.1055/s-0041-1723829 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ahmad El Samra ◽

Ayesa Mian ◽

Marc Lande ◽

Hongyue Wang ◽

Ronnie Guillet

Keyword(s):

Acute Kidney Injury ◽

Serum Creatinine ◽

Kidney Injury ◽

Urinary Biomarkers ◽

Bivariate Analysis ◽

Neutrophil Gelatinase Associated Lipocalin ◽

Short Course ◽

Medication Exposure ◽

Epidermal Growth ◽

Neutrophil Gelatinase

Objective The aim of this study was to determine the effects of a 2-day prenatal course of indomethacin on the premature kidney as reflected by serum creatinine and urinary biomarkers. Study Design Urine of infants ≤ 32 weeks was collected for the first 14 days and analyzed for cystatin C, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, osteopontin, β2 microglobulin, epidermal growth factor, uromodulin, and microalbumin. Bivariate analysis compared serum creatinine and biomarkers of exposed (INDO) and unexposed (CONT) subjects. Results Fifty-seven infants (35 CONT and 22 INDO) were studied. The cohorts were similar in gestational age, birthweight, race, gender, nephrotoxic medication exposure, and Apgar scores. CONT had more dopamine exposure and included more pre-eclamptic mothers (p = 0.005). No difference in creatinine-based acute kidney injury or the log transformed mean, maximum, and minimum values of urinary biomarkers was detected. Conclusion Our findings suggest that a short course of tocolytic indomethacin does not result in neonatal acute kidney injury. Key Points

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Paternal prescription medication before conception: A retrospective cohort study of all births in Denmark 1997–2017

Scandinavian Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1177/1403494820987468 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 140349482098746

Author(s):

M.J. Wensink ◽

S. Rizzi ◽

T.K. Jensen ◽

N.E. Skakkebaek ◽

Y. Lu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Retrospective Cohort Study ◽

Retrospective Cohort ◽

Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors ◽

Sperm Quality ◽

Prescription Medication ◽

Pain Medication ◽

Potential Harm ◽

Generational Effects ◽

Medication Exposure

Aim: To study what medication fathers are being prescribed in the months preceding conception. Methods: A retrospective cohort study of Danish national registries, comprising all births in Denmark 1997–2017 (1.3 million births). Time trends and absolute levels of paternal prescription medication in the 6 months prior to conception were assessed. While all medications were examined ( N = 1335), we focused on the main medication groups, medications that have increased in use over time, and medications for which previous evidence exists of an effect on sperm quality. Results: The average number of prescriptions increased over the study period (from 0.75 prescriptions to 0.82 per birth). Polypharmacy (three or more prescriptions) increased from less than 8% to 10% of fathers. The use of pain medication, proton-pump inhibitors, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and some inhalants have all increased markedly over the last 20 years. Conclusions: Potential harm to the offspring done by paternal medication may present an increasing problem. As paternal medication exposure is increasing, examination of generational effects, such as major birth defects, is necessary.

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