scholarly journals Concurrent Physical Effort Increases Attentional Capture by Salient-but-irrelevant Color Singleton

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (11) ◽  
pp. 1673
Author(s):  
Shinhae Ahn ◽  
Hyung-Bum Park ◽  
Weiwei Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Attentional Capture ◽  
Color Singleton ◽  
Physical Effort ◽  
Irrelevant Color

Enhancement and Suppression Flexibly Guide Attention

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (12) ◽  
pp. 1724-1732 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seah Chang ◽  
Howard E. Egeth
Keyword(s):  
Color Singleton ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Target Feature ◽  
Attentional Guidance ◽  
Feature Enhancement ◽  
Letter Target ◽  
Irrelevant Color

Previous research suggests that observers can suppress salient-but-irrelevant stimuli in a top-down manner. However, one question left unresolved is whether such suppression is, in fact, solely due to distractor-feature suppression or whether it instead also reflects some degree of target-feature enhancement. The present study ( N = 60) addressed this issue. On search trials (70% of trials), participants searched for a shape target when an irrelevant color singleton was either present or absent; performance was better when a color singleton was present. On interleaved probe trials (30% of trials), participants searched for a letter target. Responses were faster for the letter on a target-colored item than on a neutral-colored item, whereas responses were slower for the letter on a distractor-colored item than on a neutral-colored item. The results demonstrate that target-feature enhancement and distractor-feature suppression contribute to attentional guidance independently; enhancement and suppression flexibly guide attention as the occasion demands.

Attentional capture by irrelevant color singletons.

2001 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 841-847 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey D. Johnson ◽  
Keith A. Hutchison ◽  
W. Trammell Neill
Keyword(s):  
Attentional Capture ◽  
Irrelevant Color

Attentional Capture by Salient Distractors during Visual Search Is Determined by Temporal Task Demands

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 749-759 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Kiss ◽  
Anna Grubert ◽  
Anders Petersen ◽  
Martin Eimer
Keyword(s):  
Attentional Capture ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Task Demands ◽  
Time Range ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
Response Onset ◽  
Irrelevant Color ◽  
Task Irrelevant

The question whether attentional capture by salient but task-irrelevant visual stimuli is triggered in a bottom–up fashion or depends on top–down task settings is still unresolved. Strong support for bottom–up capture was obtained in the additional singleton task, in which search arrays were visible until response onset. Equally strong evidence for top–down control of attentional capture was obtained in spatial cueing experiments in which display durations were very brief. To demonstrate the critical role of temporal task demands on salience-driven attentional capture, we measured ERP indicators of capture by task-irrelevant color singletons in search arrays that could also contain a shape target. In Experiment 1, all displays were visible until response onset. In Experiment 2, display duration was limited to 200 msec. With long display durations, color singleton distractors elicited an N2pc component that was followed by a late Pd component, suggesting that they triggered attentional capture, which was later replaced by location-specific inhibition. When search arrays were visible for only 200 msec, the distractor-elicited N2pc was eliminated and was replaced by a Pd component in the same time range, indicative of rapid suppression of capture. Results show that attentional capture by salient distractors can be inhibited for short-duration search displays, in which it would interfere with target processing. They demonstrate that salience-driven capture is not a purely bottom–up phenomenon but is subject to top–down control.

scholarly journals Suppression of overt attentional capture by salient-but-irrelevant color singletons

2016 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas Gaspelin ◽  
Carly J. Leonard ◽  
Steven J. Luck
Keyword(s):  
Attentional Capture ◽  
Irrelevant Color

scholarly journals Involuntary Attentional Capture is Determined by Task Set: Evidence from Event-related Brain Potentials

2008 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 1423-1433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Eimer ◽  
Monika Kiss
Keyword(s):  
Attentional Capture ◽  
Alternative Interpretation ◽  
Color Singleton ◽  
Attentional Orienting ◽  
Brain Potentials ◽  
Task Set ◽  
Visual Objects ◽  
Current Task ◽  
Physically Identical

To find out whether attentional capture by irrelevant but salient visual objects is an exogenous bottom–up phenomenon, or can be modulated by current task set, two experiments were conducted where the N2pc component was measured as an electrophysiological marker of attentional selection in response to spatially uninformative color singleton cues that preceded target arrays. When observers had to report the orientation of a uniquely colored target bar among distractor bars (color task), behavioral spatial cueing effects were accompanied by an early cue-induced N2pc, indicative of rapid attentional capture by color singleton cues. In contrast, when they reported the orientation of target bars presented without distractors (onset task), no behavioral cueing effects were found and no early N2pc was triggered to physically identical cue arrays. Experiment 2 ruled out an alternative interpretation of these N2pc differences in terms of distractor inhibition. These results do not support previous claims that attentional capture is initially unaffected by top–down intention, and demonstrate the central role of task set in involuntary attentional orienting.

Surprise! An Unexpected Color Singleton Does Not Capture Attention in Visual Search

1998 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 176-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bradley S. Gibson ◽  
Yuhong Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Visual Search ◽  
Attentional Capture ◽  
Attentional Control ◽  
Present Experiment ◽  
Important Change ◽  
Pure Form ◽  
Color Singleton ◽  
Search Procedure ◽  
Highly Efficient ◽  
The Way

The existence of a pure form of stimulus-driven attentional control has been aligned exclusively with the existence of attentional capture. Unfortunately, there has been little evidence provided in support of attentional capture. The present study investigated whether the repeated failure to observe attentional capture might be due to the way in which attentional capture has been measured. A new visual search procedure was used to investigate whether attention would be captured by an initial and unexpected encounter with a color singleton. Despite this important change in procedure, the color singleton still did not capture attention. Further evidence showed that visual search for the color singleton could be highly efficient, but only after its relevance became established, and that the failure to observe capture in the present experiment was not due to other potentially detrimental effects of surprise. The present results suggest that new conceptions of stimulus-driven attentional control are required.

scholarly journals Inhibition of Return after Color Singletons

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Heinz-Werner Priess ◽  
Sabine Born ◽  
Ulrich Ansorge
Keyword(s):  
Inhibition Of Return ◽  
Alternative Explanation ◽  
Attention Capture ◽  
Color Singleton ◽  
Attention Shift ◽  
Shift Experiment ◽  
Irrelevant Color ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Sensitive Method

Inhibition of return (IOR) is the faster selection of hitherto unattended than previously attended positions. Some previous studies failed to find evidence for IOR after attention capture by color singletons. Others, however, did report IOR effects after color singletons. The current study examines the role of cue relevance for obtaining IOR effects. By using a potentially more sensitive method – saccadic IOR – we tested and found IOR after relevant color singleton cues that required an attention shift (Experiment 1). In contrast, irrelevant color singletons failed to produce reliable IOR effects in Experiment 2. Also, Experiment 2 rules out an alternative explanation of our IOR findings in terms of masking. We discuss our results in light of pertaining theories of IOR.

scholarly journals Brain Structures Involved in Visual Search in the Presence and Absence of Color Singletons

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 761-774 ◽  
Author(s):  
Durk Talsma ◽  
Brian Coe ◽  
Douglas P. Munoz ◽  
Jan Theeuwes
Keyword(s):  
Attentional Control ◽  
Color Change ◽  
Brain Structures ◽  
Mirror Image ◽  
Color Singleton ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
Random Letter ◽  
Irrelevant Color ◽  
Target Locations

It is still debated to what degree top–down and bottom–up driven attentional control processes are subserved by shared or by separate mechanisms. Interactions between these attentional control forms were investigated using a rapid event-related fMRI design, using an attentional search task. Following a prestimulus mask, target stimuli (consisting of a letter C or a mirror image of the C, enclosed in a diamond outline) were presented either at one unique location among three nontarget items (consisting of a random letter, enclosed in a circle outline; 50% probability), or at all four possible target locations (also 50% probability). On half the trials, irrelevant color singletons were presented, consisting of a color change of one of the four prestimulus masks, just prior to target appearance. Participants were required to search for a target letter inside the diamond and report its orientation. Results indicate that, in addition to a common network of parietal areas, medial frontal cortex is uniquely involved in top–down orienting, whereas bottom–up control is mainly subserved by a network of occipital and parietal areas. Additionally, we found that participants who were better able to suppress orienting to the color singleton showed middle frontal gyrus activation, and that the degree of top–down control correlated with insular activity. We conclude that, in addition to a common set of parietal areas, separate brain areas are involved in top–down and bottom–up driven attentional control, and that frontal areas play a role in the suppression of attentional capture by an irrelevant color singleton.

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