scholarly journals Observed Sea Surface Temperature of Tokyo Bay and Its Impact on Urban Air Temperature

2009 ◽  
Vol 48 (10) ◽  
pp. 2054-2068 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryoko Oda ◽  
Manabu Kanda
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Sea Surface Temperature ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Water Discharge ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Tokyo Bay ◽  
Urban Air ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Seasonal And Diurnal Variations

Abstract Sea surface temperature (SST) and air temperature were measured in situ in Tokyo Bay. These measurements were made with high spatial and temporal resolutions between November 2006 and September 2007. The analysis of these data revealed 1) the seasonal and diurnal variations of SST and air temperature, and 2) the physical process by which Tokyo Bay lowers urban air temperature in summer. The following were the major findings obtained: 1) the diurnal amplitude of SST was as large as 5.5°C; 2) abrupt increases of SST occurred at the head and mouth of the bay that were due to heated water discharge and the Kuroshio, respectively; 3) the values of the satellite-based objectively analyzed SSTs were higher than those of the in situ SSTs, especially in winter; 4) the relationship between SST and air temperature was classified into three seasonal modes—winter, transient, and summer—and each mode was associated with the seasonal stability condition of the near-surface water; 5) the strong southwesterly wind over the bay in summer decreased the SST mainly because of increased turbulent mixing at the water surface, thereby increasing downward sensible heat flux up to −100 W m−2; 6) the lower SSTs in summer lowered the air temperature, but only for the urban atmosphere near the coast, and no effect was detected at 20 km inland; and 7) the horizontal gradient of air temperature over the land intensified with increasing wind speed.

scholarly journals IMPACT OF THE ACTUAL SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE OF TOKYO BAY ON URBAN AIR TEMPERATURE

2008 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 283-288
Author(s):  
Ryoko ODA ◽  
Manabu KANDA ◽  
Ryo MORIWAKI ◽  
Tadashi YAMADA
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Sea Surface Temperature ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Tokyo Bay ◽  
Urban Air

Near-Surface Air Temperature Retrieval Derived from AMSU-A and Sea Surface Temperature Observations

2010 ◽  
Vol 27 (10) ◽  
pp. 1769-1776 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darren L. Jackson ◽  
Gary A. Wick
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Sea Surface Temperature ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Surface Air Temperature ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Brightness Temperatures ◽  
Regression Error ◽  
Microwave Sounding ◽  
Temperature Retrieval

Abstract A 10-m air temperature (Ta) retrieval using Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit A (AMSU-A) and satellite-derived sea surface temperature (Ts) observations is presented. The multivariable linear regression retrieval uses AMSU-A brightness temperatures from the 52.8- and 53.6-GHz channels and satellite-derived daily sea surface temperatures to determine Ta. A regression error of 0.83°C using 841 matched satellite and ship observations demonstrates a high-quality fit of the satellite observations with in situ Ta. Validation of the retrieval using independent International Comprehensive Ocean–Atmosphere Dataset (ICOADS) ship and buoy observations results in a bias of −0.21°C and root-mean-square (RMS) differences of 1.55°C. A comparison with previous satellite-based Ta retrievals indicates less bias and significantly smaller RMS differences for the new retrieval. Regional biases inherent to previous retrievals are reduced in several oceanic regions using the new Ta retrieval. Satellite-derived Ts–Ta data were found to agree well with ICOADS buoy data and were significantly improved from previous retrievals.

scholarly journals Validation of Sea Surface Temperature from GCOM-C Satellite Using iQuam Datasets and MUR-SST in Indonesian Waters

2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bambang Sukresno ◽  
Dinarika Jatisworo ◽  
Rizki Hanintyo
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Error Analysis ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Sea Surface Temperature ◽  
Important Variable ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Validation Process ◽  
Indonesian Seas

Sea surface temperature (SST) is an important variable in oceanography. One of the SST data can be obtained from the Global Observation Mission-Climate (GCOM-C) satellite. Therefore, this data needs to be validated before being applied in various fields. This study aimed to validate SST data from the GCOM-C satellite in the Indonesian Seas. Validation was performed using the data of Multi-sensor Ultra-high Resolution sea surface temperature (MUR-SST) and in situ sea surface temperature Quality Monitor (iQuam). The data used are the daily GCOM-C SST dataset from January to December 2018, as well as the daily dataset from MUR-SST and iQuam in the same period. The validation process was carried out using the three-way error analysis method. The results showed that the accuracy of the GCOM-C SST was 0.37oC.

scholarly journals Driving Forces of Circum-Antarctic Glacier and Ice Shelf Front Retreat over the Last Two Decades

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Celia A. Baumhoer ◽  
Andreas J. Dietz ◽  
Christof Kneisel ◽  
Heiko Paeth ◽  
Claudia Kuenzer
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Sea Surface Temperature ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Environmental Variables ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Ice Shelf ◽  
Antarctic Ice Sheet ◽  
Ice Shelves ◽  
The Antarctic

Abstract. The safety band of Antarctica consisting of floating glacier tongues and ice shelves buttresses ice discharge of the Antarctic Ice Sheet. Recent disintegration events of ice shelves and glacier retreat indicate a weakening of this important safety band. Predicting calving front retreat is a real challenge due to complex ice dynamics in a data-scarce environment being unique for each ice shelf and glacier. We explore to what extent easy to access remote sensing and modelling data can help to define environmental conditions leading to calving front retreat. For the first time, we present a circum-Antarctic record of glacier and ice shelf front retreat over the last two decades in combination with environmental variables such as air temperature, sea ice days, snowmelt, sea surface temperature and wind direction. We find that the Antarctic ice sheet area shrank 29,618 ± 29 km2 in extent between 1997–2008 and gained an area of 7,108 ± 144.4 km2 between 2009 and 2018. Retreat concentrated along the Antarctic Peninsula and West Antarctica including the biggest ice shelves Ross and Ronne. Glacier and ice shelf retreat comes along with one or several changes in environmental variables. Decreasing sea ice days, intense snow melt, weakening easterlies and relative changes in sea surface temperature were identified as enabling factors for retreat. In contrast, relative increases in air temperature did not correlate with calving front retreat. To better understand drivers of glacier and ice shelf retreat it is of high importance to analyse the magnitude of basal melt through the intrusion of warm Circumpolar Deep Water (CDW) driven by strengthening westerlies and to further assess surface hydrology processes such as meltwater ponding, runoff and lake drainage.

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