What Matters? Exploring Drivers of Basic and Complex Adjustments to Tornadoes Among College Students

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Huntsman ◽  
Hao-Che Wu ◽  
Alex Greer
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Emergency Management ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
First Aid ◽  
State University ◽  
Oklahoma State University ◽  
Threat Appraisals ◽  
Hazard Adjustments ◽  
And Coping ◽  
Practical Implications

AbstractScholars have produced several theories and models to explain why individuals adjust to hazards. While findings from these studies are informative, studies have not considered how threat and coping appraisals may have differential effects on varying types of hazard adjustments, or how these findings may generalize to vulnerable populations. This study expands on the Protection Motivation Theory to explore the factors that shape hazard adjustment intentions among college students, a population traditionally defined as vulnerable, in response to tornado risk. An online survey was administered to college students (n=377) at Oklahoma State University, situated in a region that experiences considerable tornado risk. While the correlations between threat appraisal and tornado hazard adjustment intentions are smaller than the correlations between coping appraisal and tornado hazard adjustment intentions, findings suggest that threat appraisals become more important for influencing college students’ adjustment intentions when adjustment activities are complex (e.g., tornado shelter, home insurance), rather than basic (e.g., flashlight, first aid kid). This suggests that while both threat appraisals and coping appraisals are important for complex hazard adjustment intentions, basic hazard adjustment intentions are almost exclusively determined by coping appraisals. These findings have several practical implications for emergency management and provide new avenues for future hazard adjustment studies.

scholarly journals College Students’ Knowledge of Ticks in Oklahoma: Assessment and Insights

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 658
Author(s):  
Elise Knowlton ◽  
Justin L. Talley ◽  
Bruce H. Noden ◽  
William Wyatt Hoback
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Lyme Disease ◽  
Medical Treatment ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
State University ◽  
Extension Programs ◽  
Oklahoma State University ◽  
Supplemental Education ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Survey Responses

Ticks (Arachnida: Acari) are common in Oklahoma and may transmit tick-borne diseases (TBDs) to people. Due to the difficulty in reducing tick populations, awareness of tick bite prevention, proper tick removal, and knowledge of when to seek medical treatment are critical. However, outreach and extension programs are hampered by a lack of knowledge of what community members know about ticks. To address this limitation, we surveyed college students enrolled in three non-major Entomology courses at Oklahoma State University in 2018. Of the 483 students invited to take a survey, 224 (46.4%) students took both surveys. Pre-survey responses indicated lower levels of knowledge of tick biology compared to post-survey responses. For both pre- and post-survey respondents, “ticks can jump” and “ticks reside up in trees” received the fewest correct responses. A majority of survey respondents considered Lyme disease to be the predominant TBD in Oklahoma, although it is not established in Oklahoma. Supplemental education overcame these knowledge gaps, with the exception of knowledge of Lyme disease which was still considered to be the predominant TBD in the post-survey. Our results can be used to develop assessment tools to improve extension programs and enhance protection from TBDs.

scholarly journals The Influence of Antiobesity Media Content on Intention to Eat Healthily and Exercise: A Test of the Ordered Protection Motivation Theory

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raeann Ritland ◽  
Lulu Rodriguez
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Media Content ◽  
Protection Motivation ◽  
Actual Behavior ◽  
Related Information ◽  
Threat Appraisals ◽  
Nonprobability Sample ◽  
Intention To Exercise ◽  
And Coping

This study extended the ordered protection motivation framework to determine whether exposure and attention to antiobesity media content increases people’s appraisals of threat and their ability to cope with it. It also assesses whether these cognitive processes, in turn, affected people’s intention to abide by the practices recommended to prevent obesity. The results of a national online survey using a nonprobability sample indicate that attention to mediated obesity and related information significantly increased people’s intention to exercise as well as their overall coping appraisals (the perceived effectiveness of the recommended behaviors and their ability to perform them). Likewise, increased threat and coping appraisals were both found to significantly influence people’s intention to exercise and diet. Coping (rather than threat) appraisals more strongly predicted behavioral intent. Following the attitude-behavior literature, behavioral intention was used as the most proximate predictor of actual behavior (i.e., stronger intentions increase the likelihood of behavior change).

Do family and peer academic social supports predict academic motivations and achievement of first-year college students?

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott C Marley ◽  
M Jean Wilcox
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Academic Motivation ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Social Supports ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Unique Contribution ◽  
Content Type ◽  
First Semester ◽  
Practical Implications

PurposeThis study examines family and peer academic social supports as correlates of academic motivation and first-semester GPA.Design/methodology/approachUsing a correlational design, 468 first-semester college students completed an online survey. Demographic characteristics, high school GPA and first-semester GPA were gathered from institutional data and linked to student survey responses.FindingsBivariate and multiple regression analyses revealed that family and peer academic social supports are predictive of academic motivation and first-semester GPA. The relationships identified were small- to medium-sized and of theoretical and substantive interest.Research limitations/implicationsThe main limitations of the study are the measures are self-reported and the study is correlational, the latter limiting the strength of causal inferences. However, the study provides further understanding of the importance of college students' family and peer social supports in relationship to academic motivation and achievement.Practical implicationsThe research has practical implications for higher educators developing programs to improve family and peer social support. If future research establishes causal relationships, interventions to enhance family and peer academic supports may prove beneficial in promoting academic motivation. Further, encouraging families to broadly discuss academic topics may be ineffective in terms of academic self-efficacy and achievement for historically underrepresented students.Originality/valueThis study makes a unique contribution to the literature by establishing relationships between family and peer supports with academic motivation. Statistical interactions between family and peer supports and with demographic characteristics in predicting academic motivation were identified. If the interactions are replicable, the findings provide avenues for future correlational and intervention research.

scholarly journals Predictors of Willingness to Receive the COVID-19 Vaccine after Emergency Use Authorization: The Role of Coping Appraisal

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 967
Author(s):  
Qianyi Xiao ◽  
Xin Liu ◽  
Ruru Wang ◽  
Yimeng Mao ◽  
Hao Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Influencing Factor ◽  
Chinese Adults ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Response Efficacy ◽  
Threat Appraisals ◽  
Logistic Regressions ◽  
And Coping ◽  
To Receive

The current study aims to identify psychosocial factors based on protection motivation theory (PMT) influencing Chinese adults’ willingness to receive the COVID-19 vaccine after the emergency use authorization of the New Coronavirus Inactivated Vaccine in China. A cross-sectional online survey was conducted among Chinese residents aged 18–59 years, and 2528 respondents from 31 provinces and autonomous regions were included in the current study. Based on PMT, threat appraisals and coping appraisals were measured. Hierarchical multiple regressions and multivariate logistic regressions were used to identify the relationships between the PMT constructs and vaccination willingness after other covariates were controlled for. A total of 1411 (55.8%) respondents reported being willing to receive the COVID-19 vaccine. The PMT model explained 26.6% (p < 0.001) of the variance in the vaccine willingness. The coping appraisals, including response efficacy, self-efficacy, and response costs, were significantly correlated with the willingness to receive the COVID-19 vaccine, and response efficacy was the strongest influencing factor (adjusted OR = 2.93, 95% CI: 2.42–3.54). In conclusion, the coping appraisals for vaccination, instead of threat appraisals regarding the pandemic itself, mainly influenced people’s willingness to get vaccinated after the emergency use authorization of the COVID-19 vaccine in China. These findings are helpful for developing education and interventions to promote vaccination willingness and enhance public health outcomes during a pandemic.

scholarly journals Predicting U.S. College Students’ Interest in Studying in China: Social Influence, Personal Experiences, Country Reputation, and Media Coverage

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 136-160
Author(s):  
Hongwei Yang ◽  
Yingqi Wang
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Social Influence ◽  
Media Coverage ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Subjective Norm ◽  
Country Reputation ◽  
Normative Pressure ◽  
Personal Experiences ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Statistical Results

An online survey of 374 US college students was conducted in April 2015 to examine whether and how subjective norm, direct and indirect experiences related to China, their perceptions of China (China’s country reputation), and media coverage of China influence their interests of studying in China. Statistical results show that their subjective norm, China’s reputation, and media coverage of China positively predicted their attitudes toward studying in China (R2= 51.5), whereas their intent to study in China (R2= 35.2) was determined by their attitudes, subjective norm, and China experiences. The study indicates that social influence or normative pressure is a much more important factor to shape their attitudes toward studying in China than their overall perceptions of China and media coverage of China. Social influence is also the second most significant predictor of their intent to study in China. The important theoretical and practical implications were discussed.

The Silent Majority? College Students’ Views, Conditions, and Reactions to Drunken Facebook Posts

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-181
Author(s):  
Loreen Wolfer
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Common Reason ◽  
General Statement ◽  
Silent Majority ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Practical Implications

College students’ definitions of inappropriate drunken posts, their reasoning, and what they do in response are generally absent in the literature. An online survey of 522 college students examined two drunken Facebook posts, one a general statement of drunkenness and a second which specifically mentioned vomiting and being underage. Findings suggest that students’ views of these posts are more complex and less accepting than previously thought. Most students considered both posts “a little” to “very” inappropriate, but the second post was more negatively viewed. A common reason was that the posts were socially unpopular, especially if the individual was underage. Findings also show that overwhelmingly students would ignore an inappropriate post or react in a way that is invisible to the poster. Thus, visible reactions may be falsely biased toward favorable feedback, even if many views are disapproving. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.

Cultural Values Influence Mental-Health Help-Seeking in Asian and Latinx College Students

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elayne Zhou ◽  
Yena Kyeong ◽  
Cecilia Cheung ◽  
Kalina Michalska;Michalska
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
College Students ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Mental Health Treatment ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Help Seeking Behaviors ◽  
Seeking Behavior ◽  
Ethnic Group Membership

The current study examined the influence of cultural values on mental health attitudes and help-seeking behaviors in college students of diverse ethnic backgrounds. Asian and Latinx college students (N = 159) completed an online survey in which they reported their adherence to cultural values and general attitudes towards mental health and help-seeking behavior. Factor analysis revealed two common factors of cultural values irrespective of ethnic background: Interdependent Orientation (IO) and Cultural Obligation (CO). Regardless of ethnicity, the more students endorsed IO values, the less likely they were to perceive a need for mental health treatment. IO value adherence also predicted more negative attitudes towards mental health. CO values were not predictive of perceived need or help-seeking behaviors. Findings highlight the importance of assessing certain cultural values independently from ethnicity and considering how the multidimensionality of culture may help explain shared mental health behaviors across ethnic group membership.

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