Anxiety Disorders, Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders, Trauma- and Stressor-Related Disorders, and Dissociative Disorders in DSM-5

The DSM-5 process, and the publication of DSM-5 in 2013, have had a considerable impact on the classification of anxiety disorders. Major changes included the reorganization of the chapter structure, individual groupings of disorders within each chapter from a life span viewpoint, and the use of specifiers. The DSM-5 chapter on anxiety disorders does not include obsessive-compulsive disorder or post-traumatic stress disorder. The chapter itself now reflects a developmental approach. The text of each disorder has been enhanced with short sections on development and course, risk and prognostic factors, etc. It is expected that the reformulation of anxiety disorders in DSM-5 will lead to greater precision in a variety of ways, as illustrated in the papers in this issue of Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience. In summary, these changes in the way we classify anxiety disorders reflect our best view on the clinical empirical data and should prove useful in the assessment of specific anxiety disorders.

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Executive functions as a potential neurocognitive endophenotype in anxiety disorders: A systematic review considering DSM-IV and DSM-5 diagnostic criteria classification

Dementia & Neuropsychologia ◽

10.1590/1980-57642015dn93000012 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 285-294 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Juliana de Lima Muller ◽

Kamilla Irigaray Torquato ◽

Gisele Gus Manfro ◽

Clarissa Marceli Trentini

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Anxiety Disorders ◽

Executive Functions ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Set Shifting ◽

Obsessive Compulsive ◽

Compulsive Disorder ◽

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Neurocognitive Impairments ◽

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Evidence in the literature indicates that neurocognitive impairments may represent endophenotypes in psychiatric disorders. Objective: This study aimed to conduct a systematic review on executive functions as a potential neurocognitive endophenotype in anxiety disorder diagnosis according to the DSM-IV and DSM-5 classifications. Methods: A literature search of the LILACS, Cochrane Library, Index Psi Periódicos Técnico-Científicos, PubMed and PsycInfo databases was conducted, with no time limits. Of the 259 studies found, 14 were included in this review. Results: Only studies on obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) were found. The executive function components of decision-making, planning, response inhibition, behavioral reversal/alternation, reversal learning and set-shifting/cognitive flexibility were considered to be a neurocognitive endophenotypes in OCD. Conclusion: Further studies on executive functions as a neurocognitive endophenotype in other anxiety disorders are needed since these may have different neurocognitive endophenotypes and require other prevention and treatment approaches.

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Introduction to “Obsessive-compulsive and related disorders in DSM-5, ICD-11, and RDoC: Conceptual questions and practical solutions”

10.1093/med/9780198796022.003.0007 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Kenneth S. Kendler

Keyword(s):

Work Group ◽

Dissociative Disorders ◽

Obsessive Compulsive ◽

Dsm 5

This chapter presents an introduction to conceptual questions and practical solutions on obsessive-compulsive and related disorders (OCRDs) in DSM-5, ICD-11, and RDoC. It highlights the important issues confronted by the Anxiety, Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum, Posttraumatic, and Dissociative Disorders DSM-5 work group.

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Neurosurgery for obsessive-compulsive disorder, other anxiety disorders and depressive disorders

10.1002/14651858.cd005560.pub2 ◽

2014 ◽

Author(s):

David MB Christmas ◽

Ian Crombie ◽

Sam Eljamel ◽

Naomi Fineberg ◽

Bob MacVicar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Anxiety Disorders ◽

Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽

Depressive Disorders ◽

Obsessive Compulsive ◽

Compulsive Disorder

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Sex Differences in Anxiety Disorders

The Oxford Handbook of Evolutionary Psychology and Behavioral Endocrinology ◽

10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190649739.013.21 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 404-432

Author(s):

Teresa A. Piggott ◽

Alexandra N. Duran ◽

Isha Jalnapurkar ◽

Tyler Kimm ◽

Stephanie Linscheid ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sex Differences ◽

Anxiety Disorder ◽

Anxiety Disorders ◽

Stress Disorder ◽

Obsessive Compulsive ◽

Compulsive Disorder ◽

Considerable Research ◽

Psychosocial Influences ◽

Psychiatric Conditions ◽

The Impact

Women are more likely than men to meet lifetime criteria for an anxiety disorder. Moreover, anxiety is a risk factor for the development of other psychiatric conditions, including major depression. Numerous studies have identified evidence of sex differences in anxiety disorders, and there is considerable research concerning factors that may contribute to vulnerability for anxiety in females. In addition to psychosocial influences, biological components such as the female reproductive hormone cycle have also been implicated. Although psychotropic medication is more likely to be prescribed to women, there is little controlled data available concerning sex differences in the efficacy and/or tolerability of pharmacotherapy in anxiety disorders. This chapter provides an overview of the impact of gender in the epidemiology, phenomenology, course, and treatment response in generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), social anxiety disorder (SAD), posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), panic disorder (PD), and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).

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How does music performance anxiety relate to other anxiety disorders?

Psychology of Music ◽

10.1177/0305735620988600 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 030573562098860

Author(s):

Anna Wiedemann ◽

Daniel Vogel ◽

Catharina Voss ◽

Jana Hoyer

Keyword(s):

Cluster Analysis ◽

Anxiety Disorder ◽

Anxiety Disorders ◽

Graphical Model ◽

Music Performance ◽

Performance Anxiety ◽

Separation Anxiety Disorder ◽

Systematic Analysis ◽

Music Performance Anxiety ◽

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Music performance anxiety (MPA) is considered a social anxiety disorder (SAD). Recent conceptualizations, however, challenge existing MPA definitions, distinguishing MPA from SAD. In this study, we aim to provide a systematic analysis of MPA interdependencies to other anxiety disorders through graphical modeling and cluster analysis. Participants were 82 music students ( Mage = 23.5 years, SD = 3.4 years; 69.5% women) with the majority being vocal (30.5%), string (24.4%), or piano (19.5%) students. MPA was measured using the German version of the Kenny Music Performance Anxiety Inventory (K-MPAI). All participants were tested for anxiety-related symptoms using the disorder-specific anxiety measures of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed., DSM-5), including agoraphobia (AG), generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), panic disorder (PD), separation anxiety disorder (SEP), specific phobia (SP), SAD, and illness anxiety disorder (ILL). We found no evidence of MPA being primarily connected to SAD, finding GAD acted as a full mediator between MPA and any other anxiety type. Our graphical model remained unchanged considering severe cases of MPA only (K-MPAI ⩾ 105). By means of cluster analysis, we identified two participant sub-groups of differing anxiety profiles. Participants with pathological anxiety consistently showed more severe MPA. Our findings suggest that GAD is the strongest predictor for MPA among all major DSM-5 anxiety types.

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The Prevalence of Comorbid Anxiety in Schizophrenia, Schizoaffective Disorder and Bipolar Disorder

Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.3109/00048679809062708 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 32 (1) ◽

pp. 67-72 ◽

Cited By ~ 132

Author(s):

Susan J. Cosoff ◽

R. Julian Hafner

Keyword(s):

Bipolar Disorder ◽

Anxiety Disorder ◽

Anxiety Disorders ◽

Schizoaffective Disorder ◽

Psychiatric Symptoms ◽

Psychotic Episode ◽

Obsessive Compulsive ◽

General Anxiety ◽

Admission Rates ◽

Clinical Benefits

Objective: The aim of this study to determine the prevalence of anxiety disorders in publically treated psychiatric inpatients with a DSM-IV diagnosis of schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder or bipolar disorder. Method: Using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R (SCID), 100 consecutive inpatients with a psychotic disorder were examined for the presence or absence of an anxiety disorder. Questionnaire measures of phobias, obsessive-compulsive and general anxiety symptoms were also applied. Results: The prevalences of social phobia (17%), obsessiv-ompulsive disorder (13%) and generalised anxiety disorder in schizophrenia were relatively high, as were prevalences of obsessive-compulsive (30%) and panic disorder (15%) in bipolar disorder. The proportion of subjects with an anxiety disorder (4345%) was almost identical across the three psychoses, with some evidence of gender differences. Although self-ratings of overall psychiatric symptoms were significantly elevated in those with anxiety disorders, hospital admission rates were not. Conclusions: Almost none of those with anxíeGty disorders were being treated for them, primarily because the severity of the acute psychotic illness required full diagnostic and therapeutic attention. Patients were generally discharged as soon as their psychotic episode was resolved, with little recognition of the presence of an anxiety disorder. Given that anxiety disorders are relatively responsive to treatment, greater awareness of their comorbidity with psychosis should yield worthwhile clinical benefits.

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