The Relationship of Models of the Mind to Clinical Work: Object Relations Theory

1988 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 749-757 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Michels ◽  
John M. Oldham
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
John Zerilli

The modularity of mind has been understood in various ways, amended as evidence from neuroscience has forced the theory to shed various structural assumptions. Neuroplasticity has, for better or worse, challenged many of the orthodox conceptions of the mind that originally led cognitive scientists to postulate mental modules. Similarly, rapidly accumulating neuroscientific evidence of the reuse or redeployment of neural circuits, revealing the integrated and interactive structure of brain regions, has upset basic assumptions about the relationship of function to structure upon which modularity—not to say neuroscience itself—originally depended. These movements, developments, and cross-currents are the subject of this book. This chapter outlines the basic argument of the book and its motivation.


1999 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Elizabeth Lewis Hall ◽  
Nancy S. Duvall ◽  
Keith J. Edwards ◽  
Patricia L. Pike

1996 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 347-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan J Rutherford ◽  
James R McKay ◽  
Arthur I Alterman ◽  
John S Cacciola ◽  
Terry G Cook

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Masnun Tahir

Penelitian ini mengkaji efektivitas kebijakan kursus calon pengantin dalam menekan angka per­ ceraian di wilayah kerja KUA Kecamatan Batukliang. Oleh karena itu, fokus kajian penelitian diarahkan untuk megetahui: 1) tingkat perceraian di wilayah kerja KUA Kecamatan Batukliang. 2) pelaksanaan kebijakan kursus calon pengantin di KUA Kecamatan Batukliang. 3) tingkat efek­ tivitas kebijakan kursus calon pengantin dalam menekan angka perceraian di wilayah kerja KUA kecamatan Batukliang. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan sosio antropologis. Penelitian ini mem­ posisikan manusia sebagai pelaku yang memahami, meyakini, dan menjalankan ketentuan­keten­ tuan hukum perkawinan dalam Islam maupun dalam perspektif budaya lokal tentang perkawinan yang berkembang di Lombok. Pilihan pendekatan hukum perkawinan dan pendekatan agama dalam penelitian ini akan menjawab beberapa persoalan antropologi melalui empat macam metode ilmiah. Pertama, metode historis, yakni menelusuri pikiran dan perilaku manusia tentang pemahaman dan perilaku perkawinan dan persepsi agamanya yang berlatarbelakang sejarah. Kedua, metode normatif, yaitu mempelajari ketentuan hukum dan norma­norma (kaidah, patokan, atau sastra suci agama) maupun yang merupakan perilaku adat kebiasaan tradisional yang masih berlaku, baik dalam hubungan manusia dengan alam gaib ataupun dalam hubungan antara sesama manusia yang bersumber dan berdasarkan ajaran agama. Ketiga, metode deskriptif, yakni metode yang berusaha mencatat, melukiskan, menguraikan dan melaporkan segala sesuatu yang ditemukan di masyarakat berkaitan dengan obyek yang diteliti, seperti yang dilakukan oleh para etnografer. Keempat, metode empirik yang mempelajari pikiran sikap dan perilaku perkawinan dan agama manusia yang ditemukan dari pengalaman dan kenyataan di lapangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat efektivitas kebijakan kursus calon pengantin dalam menekan angka perceraian di wilayah kerja KUA kecamatan Batukliang dikategorikan efektif. Hal ini dapat dilihat darijumlah total pernikahan dan pengaduan kehendak bercerai yang tercatat di KUA Kecamatan Batukliang pada beberapa tahun yang dideskripsikan dalam beberapa bab dalam artikel ini.[This research examines the effectiveness of the policy bride course in suppressing the divorce rate in the KUA Sub Batukliang region. Therefore, the focus of the research study directed to 1) The divorce rate in the region KUA Sub Batukliang region. 2) Implementation of the policy bride’s course in KUA Sub Batukliang. 3) The effectiveness of the policy bride’s course in suppressing the divorce rate in the KUA sub­Batukliang region. This research uses a socio­anthropological approach. This research puts man as an actor who understands, believes, and executes the provisions of the marriage law in Islam as well as in local cultural perspectives about marriage that evolved in Lombok. In this study, the choice of law approach to marriage and religious approach will answer some of the questions of anthropology through four different scientific methods. First, the historical method, i.e. the trace of the mind and human behavior of understanding and combining behavior and perception of the diversity of religious history. Second, normative methods, namely studying the laws and norms (rules, benchmarks, or sacred religious literature) as well as the behavior of a traditional custom which is still believed, whether in the relationship of humans with supernatural or in the relationship between fellow human beings based on religious teachings. A method which attempts to record, illustrate, describe and report on everything that is found in the community related to the observation object, as done by ethnographers. Fourth, the empirical methods study the mind, attitude, and behavior of the marriage and human religion according to experience and the reality in the field. The result shows that the policy bride’s course is effective in suppressing the divorce rate in the KUA Batukliang sub-region. It reflects from the total marriage and denunciation of wills divorced are recorded in Batukliang Sub­district on the KUA number of years described in several chapters in this article.]


2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaveh Ehsani ◽  
Dr. Seyed Mahmoud Nejati Hosseini

Evidence indicates that beliefs such as fortune and misfortune or how getting daily bread are typical theological fatalism in terms of Iranian religion and Islamic culture. On the one hand, although it seems that economic problems are the main factor associated with the fatalism in fatalistic nations, studies illustrate that Iranian society have suffered from mistrust, lack of social participation, knowledge and so on. Moreover, cultural crises have been embedded with their daily life nowadays. Consequently, the question is raised in the mind of the author that the fatalism might have a complicated relationship towards economic, social and cultural capital since the mistrust reduces participation and then the wheel of economic will be stopped. As a result, socio-economic and cultural capitals could have influence on the fatalism. The aim of this study is to investigate the fatalism of citizens in Isfahan according to the benefit of economic, cultural and social capitals. The theories of Marx’s alienation and Durkheim’s excessive discipline are used to study the fatalism. On the other hand, Bourdieu's perspective is used for studying the economic and cultural capitals as well as evaluating the social class and the lifestyle. The survey research has been conducted on the 300 residents of the city. A cluster sampling method is used in this study. The questionnaire is used as a data collection instrument and the Pearson Correlation Coefficient; t-test and ANOVA are used for the data analysis. Finally, it can be concluded that education, economic and cultural capitals and the lifestyle can influence on the fatalism more than other variables.


Author(s):  
Maryam Salmanian ◽  
Bagher Ghobari-Bonab ◽  
Seyyed-Salman Alavi ◽  
Ali-Akbar Jokarian ◽  
Mohammad-Reza Mohammadi

Abstract Background: Conduct disorder is characterized by aggressive behaviors, deceitfulness or theft, destruction of property and serious violations of rules prior to age 18 years. The object relations theory provides an integrative model to understand the problems of conduct disorder, and proposes that child-caregiver relationships develop the internal working models of self and others. The aim of this study was to explore the relationship difficulties of Iranian adolescents with conduct disorder. Methods: This study was a qualitative directed content analysis research. The in-depth interview was conducted with nine male adolescents aged 12–17 years who had conduct disorder with or without substance use disorder at the reformatory in Tehran. All tape-recorded data were fully transcribed and analyzed. Results: The relations with different objects including parents, siblings, relatives, friends, peers, teachers, other school members, colleagues and employers were analyzed, and four themes were extracted: 1) Object relations based on insecurity and fear; 2) Object relations based on inability and abjection; 3) Object relations based on pessimism and mistrust; 4) Object relations based on non-maintenance of boundaries and limits. Conclusion: The importance of object relations and attachment problems in adolescents with conduct disorder, and their need to participate in special intervention programs should be reconsidered.


Author(s):  
Robert Guay

This introductory chapter raises the questions of what the relationship of philosophy and literature might be and, in particular, what might make Crime and Punishment a distinctively philosophical novel. Rather than trying to provide a general answer, I argue that the individual essays of this collection implicitly address these questions by calling for philosophical attention to particular elements of human experience. I then review the diversity of approaches the essays take up in doing so: for example, looking to the workings of language to understand the character of the mind, finding an affective orientation to human existence as a whole, gaining access to a practical standpoint, and responding to a utopian criticism of the traditional family.


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