Determining Otitis Media Severity from Middle Ear Fluid Analysis

1994 ◽  
Vol 103 (5_suppl) ◽  
pp. 43-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven K. Juhn ◽  
William J. Garvis ◽  
Chap T. Le ◽  
Chris J. Lees ◽  
C. S. Kim
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Media ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Otitis Media With Effusion ◽  
Chronic Otitis Media ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Fluid Analysis ◽  
Factor Α ◽  
Necrosis Factor ◽  
Ear Effusion ◽  
Chemical Mediators

Otitis media has a complex multifactorial pathogenesis, and the middle ear inflammatory response is typified by the accumulation of cellular and chemical mediators in middle ear effusion. However, specific biochemical and immunochemical factors that may be responsible for the severity or chronicity of otitis media have not been identified. Identification of factors involved in chronicity appears to be an essential step in the treatment and ultimate prevention of chronic otitis media. We analyzed 70 effusion samples from patients 1 to 10 years of age who had chronic otitis media with effusion for two cytokines (interleukrn-1β and tumor necrosis factor α) and total collagenase. The highest concentrations of all three inflammatory mediators were found in purulent otitis media, and concentrations were higher in younger than in older patients. Mediator concentrations were similar in samples obtained from patients having their first myringotomy for otitis media with effusion and in those who had had multiple previous myringotomies. The multiresponse star, which incorporates several biochemical parameters in one graphic illustration, may best characterize the complex nature of middle ear inflammation.

The Role of Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci in Chronic Otitis Media With Effusion

1982 ◽  
Vol 90 (6) ◽  
pp. 837-843 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel M. Bernstein ◽  
Diane Dryja ◽  
Erwin Neter
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Media ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Otitis Media With Effusion ◽  
Chronic Otitis Media ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Middle Ear Effusion ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Heterogenous Group ◽  
Ear Effusion

Twenty-eight middle ear effusions from 27 patients with chronic otitis media with effusion were studied for the presence of bacteria. The most common isolates were coagulase-negative staphylococci. However, biochemical and antibiotic sensitivity patterns demonstrated that these organisms represented a heterogenous group. At least three subtypes of coagulase-negative staphylococci were identified from the middle ear effusions, and in only one instance was the isolate from the ear canal identical with that of the middle ear effusion. The data presented suggest that coagulase-negative staphylococci from the middle ear effusions may not be contaminants; however, it cannot be determined from this study whether these organisms play a role as pathogens or as the result of indolent colonization.

Efficacy of Acoustic Reflectometry in Detecting Middle Ear Effusion

1986 ◽  
Vol 95 (5) ◽  
pp. 472-476 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine A. Avery ◽  
George A. Gates ◽  
Thomas J. Prihoda
Keyword(s):  
Tympanic Membrane ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Otitis Media With Effusion ◽  
Chronic Otitis Media ◽  
Lower Sensitivity ◽  
Middle Ear Effusion ◽  
Receiver Operator Characteristics ◽  
Ear Effusion

The acoustic otoscope measures the amount of sound reflected from the tympanic membrane. Since the amount of reflected sound is increased by fluid in the middle ear, it seemed likely that the acoustic otoscope could be used for detection of otitis media. We compared acoustic reflectometry with over 4,000 tympanometric and otoscopic examinations in 451 children who were examined at regular intervals following surgery for chronic otitis media with effusion. The data indicate a lower sensitivity and specificity of acoustic reflectometry than had been reported previously. The receiver-operator characteristics of this device are discussed.

scholarly journals Bone Damage in Chronic Otitis Media

2020 ◽  
pp. 014556132095512
Author(s):  
Jerzy Kuczkowski ◽  
Wojciech Brzoznowski ◽  
Tomasz Nowicki
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Media ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Chronic Otitis Media ◽  
Bone Destruction ◽  
Destructive Effect ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Bone Damage ◽  
Bone Lysis ◽  
Factor Α ◽  
Necrosis Factor

The middle ear bone destruction in chronic otitis media is activated and regulated by inflammation. Chronic otitis media with granulation is a highly active inflammatory process in which many cytokines are released. The bone is degraded by osteoclasts but, at the same time, protected by cytokines, growth factors, adhesion molecules and osteotropic hormones. Tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6, and OPG/RANKL present in cholesteatoma and granulation accelerate bone lysis and increase the destructive effect on the middle ear.

Workshop on Effects of Otitis Media on the Child

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 639-652
Author(s):  
Charles D. Bluestone ◽  
Jerome O. Klein ◽  
Jack L. Paradise ◽  
Heinz Eichenwald ◽  
Fred H. Bess ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tympanic Membrane ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Otitis Media With Effusion ◽  
Acute Otitis Media ◽  
Chronic Otitis Media ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Middle Ear Effusion ◽  
Ear Effusion

GOALS, DEFINITIONS, AND CLASSIFICATION OF OTITIS MEDIA —Charles D. Bluestone, MD The goal of this Workshop was to assess current knowledge concerning the effects of otitis media on the child. Experts in pediatrics, infectious disease, otolaryngology, audiology, speech, linguistics, and psychology met in Chicago on Aug 25, 1982 to participate in this Workshop. A summary of the discussions is presented here. Otitis media is broadly defined as an inflammation of the middle ear without reference to etiology or pathogenesis.1 Otitis media with effusion is an inflammation of the middle ear in which a collection of liquid (i.e., middle ear effusion) is present in the middle ear space (no perforation of the tympanic membrane is present). Atelectasis of the tympanic membrane, which may or may not be associated with otitis media, is defined as either collapse or retraction of the tympanic membrane. Acute otitis media implies a rapid and short onset of signs and symptoms lasting approximately 3 weeks. From 3 weeks to 3 months, the process may be resolving or subacute. If middle ear effusion persists beyond 3 months, the condition is classified as chronic otitis media with effusion. Many terms have been used for acute otitis media, such as "suppurative," "purulent," or "bacterial" otitis media; however, a "serous" effusion may also have an acute onset. Otitis media with effusion unaccompanied by signs and symptoms of acute inflammation has also had a plethora of other names: "serous," "secretory," "nonsuppurative," and "glue ear" have been the most commonly used. EPIDEMIOLOGY AND NATURAL HISTORY OF OTITIS MEDIA

scholarly journals Significance of Adenoidectomy in the Treatment of Otitis Media with Effusion (OME)

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Ashraful Islam
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Media ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Otitis Media With Effusion ◽  
Chronic Otitis Media ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Adenoid Hypertrophy ◽  
Type B ◽  
Middle Ear Effusion ◽  
Ear Effusion ◽  
Grade Iii

Background & Objectives: Adenoid hypertrophy is one of the commonest etiology for otitis media with effusion (OME). OME is a leading cause of diminished hearing in children younger than 12 years. This study compares the efficacy of adenoidectomy on OME in patients with different grades of adenoids and the connection between different position of adenoids and middle ear effusion. Methods: This is a prospective study done on 120 pediatric patients (2 to 12 years) presented with chronic otitis media with effusion and adenoid hypertrophy from 2017 to 2019. Adenoid size was graded and correlated with the type of tympanometry. All the cases were subjected to adenoidectomy with myringotomy and were observed every 3 months. Preoperative and postoperative data were collected and comparison was made to evaluate whether adenoidectomy with myringotomy is sufficient on management of OME. Results: Adenoid tissue grading showed majority of population remained in Grade III (45%) and Grade C (56.67%). There is a highly significant relation between higher adenoid grade and type B tympanometry. This study showed significant association between grade III and grade C adenoid hypertrophy and otitis media with effusion when compared with other grades of adenoid hypertrophy. This suggests that increasing grade of adenoid hypertrophy is important predictor in establishment of otitis media with effusion in patient with adenoid hypertrophy. After adenoidectomy majority of tympanometry curve was shifted from type B to type A. In case of Grade III, type B tympanometry reduced from 45 to 11 (83% to 20%) in right ears; 49 to 7 (90% to 12%) in left ears. Again, in case of Grade C, type B tympanometry reduced from 55 to 6 (80% to 8%) in right ears; 58 to 5 (85% to 7%) in left ears. This change was significant. The greater the size of the adenoid, after adenoidectomy, more improvement noticed in tympanometry curve. Conclusion: This study may not be the actual picture of overall situation due to many limitations. Still it can be concluded that enlarged adenoids has a definite role in causing OME. This research also shows a benefit of adenoidectomy in the removal of middle ear effusion in children with OME. To efficiently assess the efficacy of adenoidectomy for otitis media with effusion in children, future research is needed.

Neonatal Middle Ear Effusion Predicts Chronic Otitis Media with Effusion

2004 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 318-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Jo Doyle ◽  
Ying Yee Kong ◽  
Karen Strobel ◽  
Patricia Dallaire ◽  
R. Mark Ray
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Media ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Otitis Media With Effusion ◽  
Chronic Otitis Media ◽  
Middle Ear Effusion ◽  
Ear Effusion

Relationship of Endotoxin to Tumor Necrosis Factor–α and Interleukin-1β in Children with Otitis Media with Effusion

1998 ◽  
Vol 107 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darryl N. Willett ◽  
Rod P. Rezaee ◽  
John M. Billy ◽  
Mary B. Tighe ◽  
Thomas F. DeMaria
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Media ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Tumor Necrosis ◽  
Tumor Necrosis Factor Α ◽  
Otitis Media With Effusion ◽  
Chronic Otitis Media ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Factor Α ◽  
Mean Concentration ◽  
Necrosis Factor

Sixty-five middle ear effusions and paired sera from 41 children with chronic otitis media with effusion were assayed for endotoxin and for tumor necrosis factor–α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in order to establish whether a correlation exists between the concentrations of endotoxin and of these cytokines. Endotoxin concentration was determined by means of a chromogenic limulus amebocyte lysate assay, and the cytokine concentration by means of a quantitative enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Forty percent of the effusions had detectable levels of endotoxin, with a mean concentration of 2.9 ± 7.8 endotoxin units per milligram of total protein. The mean concentration of TNF-α was 1.24 ± 3.1 pg/mg total protein, and that of IL-1β was 18.79 pg/mg total protein. A strong, statistically significant correlation exists between the concentrations of endotoxin and TNF-α (r =.89) and IL-1β (r =.72). The data indicate that endotoxin may contribute to the pathogenesis of chronic otitis media with effusion by stimulating the sustained production of TNF-α and IL-1β in the middle ear.

scholarly journals Tympanostomy Tube Complication in Otitis Media with Effusion

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 58-61
Author(s):  
Ghassan Hassan Rahim
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Media ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Otitis Media With Effusion ◽  
Chronic Otitis Media ◽  
Tympanostomy Tube ◽  
Middle Ear Effusion ◽  
Tube Insertion ◽  
Patients Âgés ◽  
Acquired Hearing Loss ◽  
Ear Effusion

Background: Otitis media with effusion is characterized by accumulation of fluid in the middle ear in absence of acute inflammation and  it is the most common cause of  acquired hearing loss in children, and may  negatively affect language development failure of medical treatment of middle ear effusion frequently require myringotomy and tympanostomy tube insertion. Objectives: To determine tympanostomy tube complications of tube in children with chronic otitis media with effusion who were treated with Shah Grommet tube insertion. Methods: The Medical records of 162 ears of 87 children (52 male and 35 female) were reviewed respectively, the patients ages were between 3 to 16 years old (mean age =8.11 years), patient were followed for 6-66 months (mean 23.3) after tympanostomy tube insertion. Tube extrusion time was also reviewed in all patients, and the indication for surgery was chronic middle ear effusion. Results: Otorrhea accured in nine ears (5.6%), granulation tissue was seen in 2 ears (1.2%), myringosclerosis in (34.6%) persistent perfor-ation (5.6%), atrophy (23.5%) retraction (16.7%) and medial displacement 1.2% the average extrusion time was 8.5 month ( ± 4.6). Conclusions: complications of tympanostomy tube insertion are common and the most common are otorrhea myringosclerosis, atrophy but they are generally insignificant consequently in majority of these complications there is no need for management.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document