Bone Resorption in Human Cholesteatoma: Morphological Study with Scanning Electron Microscopy

1995 ◽  
Vol 104 (6) ◽  
pp. 463-468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshihumi Uno ◽  
Ryusuke Satto
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Bone Resorption ◽  
Bone Destruction ◽  
Collagen Fibrils ◽  
Fiber Bundles ◽  
Morphological Evidence ◽  
Middle Ear Surgery ◽  
Organic Substances ◽  
Scanning Electron

The detailed mechanism of bone resorption in cholesteatoma was investigated by means of eroded ossicles obtained during middle ear surgery for cholesteatoma. In the light microscopic study, multinucleate osteoclasts with ruffled borders were found in contact with the eroded bone, which appeared to be osteoclastic lacunae. Scanning electron microscopy revealed the lacunae to be many absorption bays, 30 to 100 μm in diameter, clustered on the surface of eroded areas. Numerous cone-shaped stubs of digested collagen fiber bundles, consisting of scores of collagen fibrils and degenerated extracellular organic substances, were visible at higher magnification on the bottom of the absorption bay. The pattern of fusion and twining of the disarranged collagen fibrils at the top of the partly digested fiber bundles was clearly rendered by the alkali-water maceration method for scanning electron microscopy. We infer from the morphological evidence that osteoclastic resorption may be one of the major mechanisms of bone destruction in cholesteatoma, and that demineralization and degeneration of extracellular organic substances precede disruption of collagen fibrils at the front of bone resorption.

Effect of Heat Treatments on Wettability of Nacre

2020 ◽  
Vol 985 ◽  
pp. 86-90
Author(s):  
Andi Muhammad Anshar ◽  
Sengo Kobayashi ◽  
Satoshi Okano
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Heating Temperature ◽  
Pearl Oyster ◽  
Heat Treatments ◽  
Organic Substances ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Scanning Electron

The surface wettability of biomaterials influences on osteoblast behavior and bone formation. In this research, the variation of wettability of nacre by heat treatments was examined. Plates of the nacre were fabricated from shells of the Akoya pearl oyster. The specimens were heated at 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, and 600 °C. Characterizations of the specimens during and after heat treatments were carried out using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffractometry, and thermogravimetry-differential thermal analysis. The water contact angle (WCA) of the specimen was measured to evaluate wettability. The color of nacre changed from iridescent color to brownish weak-iridescence by the heating at and over 300 °C. The nacre heated at and over 300 °C became brittle because organic substances in nacre, which acts as the glue between the aragonite platelets were evaporated by the heating. The WCA of the specimen was decreased with increasing heating temperature, which should be related to the decrease in the number of organic substances in nacre by the heating.

scholarly journals Study of Staphylococcus aureus Biofilm Ability to Destroy Bone Matrix in Absences of Host Immunity

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
ahmed Al Ghaithi ◽  
Sultan Al Mastari ◽  
John Husband ◽  
Mohammed al kindi ◽  
Atika Al Bimani
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Bone Resorption ◽  
Bone Quality ◽  
Host Cells ◽  
Immune System Activation ◽  
Scanning Electron

AbstractPurposeOsteomyelitis is an infectious bone process leading to bone necrosis and destruction. Published reports on pathogen biofilm thus far have focused on indirect bone resorption mediated by host cells and factors secondary to immune system activation. However, direct bone resorption due to biofilm pathogen has not been adequately studied yet. This study aims to investigate the effect of biofilm pathogen in ex-vivo human bones in the absence of the host immune response using Raman spectroscopy and Scanning electron microscopy.MethodsBone samples collected from patients who underwent knee replacement surgeries were inoculated with Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. Bacterial direct effects on the bone quality were then examined, at various time intervals, using Raman spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy.ResultsRaman spectroscopy and scanning electron demonstrated the destruction of bone structure and drop in bone quality.ConclusionThis experiment shows the direct effect of bacteria on bone during osteomyelitis in addition to the recognised destruction caused by the host immune system.

Micro- and Nanostructures of Calcareous Foraminiferal Tests: Insight from Representatives of Miliolida, Rotaliida and Lagenida

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 142-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zofia Dubicka ◽  
Krzysztof Owocki ◽  
Michał Gloc
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Fiber Bundles ◽  
Calcite Crystal ◽  
Crystal Fiber ◽  
Phylogenetic Reconstructions ◽  
Inner Surface ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Taxonomic System

Abstract The test structures of Lagenida, Rotaliida, and Miliolida (Foraminifera) are described at an unprecedented scale of resolution. Observations using conventional and field-emission scanning electron microscopy revealed distinct micro- and nanoscale differences in the textural compositions of these three main groups of calcifying foraminifers, consistent with recent molecular phylogenetic reconstructions and a higher-level taxonomic system. The rotaliid test is entirely composed of roughly spherical primary carbonate nanograins, up to 100 nm in diameter, which merge into micrometer-sized irregular aggregates. The miliolid test is made up of two morphologically different primary crystallites. Arbitrarily arranged needle-shaped elements (up to 1 µm in length and 200 nm in width) make up the bulk of the test, including the inside of the wall (porcelain) and mineralized inner surface (intrados) (ca. 100 nm in thickness). Roughly spherical nanograins (up to 50 nm in diameter) form more or less regularly arranged polygons of an outer lamina (extrados), which is ca. 200 nm in thickness. By contrast, the lagenid test texture is characterized by much larger crystals than in other calcifying foraminifers. At moderate magnification, lagenid tests display a fibrous texture composed of fiber bundles (tens of μm in length and several μm in width) that are oriented perpendicular to test surfaces and taper towards the ends when in contact with another lamina. At higher magnification, each bundle constitutes a single calcite crystal with an inner pore extending along the entire length of the crystal/fiber. We measured test hardness using the nanoindentation method. This is the first application of this technique in microfossils. We found that Cretaceous Lagenida tests were more resistant to mechanical stress than Rotaliida tests. These comparative strengths may be linked to internal test microstructure and play a role in determining habitats in which these taxa can live.

Collagen fibrils in the odontoblast layer of the rat incisor by scanning electron microscopy using the maceration method

1994 ◽  
Vol 239 (4) ◽  
pp. 360-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shoji Tabata ◽  
Tsuguhiro Nakayama ◽  
Kimitake Funakoshi ◽  
Kinya Yasui ◽  
Kaoru Wada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Collagen Fibrils ◽  
Rat Incisor ◽  
Scanning Electron

scholarly journals Morphological evidence by scanning electron microscopy of excretion of metacyclic forms of Trypanosoma cruzi in vector's urine

1988 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 361-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Zeledon ◽  
Rodolfo Bolaños ◽  
M. R. Espejo Navarro ◽  
Miguel Rojas
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Cell Division ◽  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Urine Flow ◽  
The Other ◽  
Rectal Gland ◽  
Morphological Evidence ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Scanning Electron

Comparision by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of Trypanosoma cruzi flagellates attached to the cuticle of the rectal gland of infected Dipetalogaster maxima nymphs, showed marked differences before amd after feeding. Before feeding numerous metacyclic trypomastigotes were observed among the abundant epimastigotes that formed the carpet of flagellates. On the other hand, in insects that were allowed to urinate for 24 hours after a meal, the metacyclics were scarce,indicating that they had been detached by the urine flow. An asymetric type of cell division, probably originating both an epi-and a trypomastigote, was occasionally observed. The occurrence of swellings at different levels of the flagella of epimastigotes suggests that secondary sites of attachment may be common.

A Comparative Analysis of New Ti-Nb-Zr-Ta Orthopedic Alloys

2013 ◽  
Vol 837 ◽  
pp. 259-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreea Carmen Bărbînţă ◽  
Romeo Chelariu ◽  
Marcelin Benchea ◽  
Carmen Iulia Crimu ◽  
Sorin Iacob Strugaru ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Bone Resorption ◽  
Modulus Of Elasticity ◽  
Human Tissues ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Scanning Electron

Ti-Nb-Zr-Ta alloys represent a new generation of biomaterials with possible applications in the orthopedic field, being developed in order to eliminate the negative aspects of the current orthopedic biomaterials, which consist mainly in a low biocompatibility with human tissues and high values of modulus of elasticity compared to the human bone. This paper presents a comparative study of new titanium alloys, corresponding to the Ti-Nb-Zr-Ta system: Ti-21Nb-6Zr-15Ta and Ti-25Nb-10Zr-8Ta, which were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and microindentation. The both alloys are classified as near-β alloys. The addition of alloying elements such as Ta, Nb and Zr represents a good solution for lowering modulus of elasticity, which is an important factor for reducing bone resorption and therefore for preventing implant failure.

Modularity of osteoclast behaviour and “mode-specific” inhibition of osteoclast function

1990 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 547-556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mone Zaidi
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Bone Resorption ◽  
Specific Inhibition ◽  
Hydrogen Ions ◽  
Pharmacological Agents ◽  
Osteoclastic Activity ◽  
Osteoclast Function ◽  
Scanning Electron

This study is part of an attempt to understand the role of specific cellular activities in the bone resorptive process. Experiments were performed whereby known pharmacological agents were used to inhibit individual modes of osteoclastic activity, such as motility and secretion. The effects of such treatments on bone resorption were assessed by quantitative scanning electron microscopy. The compounds included colchicine, which was used to inhibit osteoclast motility; molybdate ions which were used to selectively inhibit the catalytic activity of secreted acid phosphatase, and omeprazole which was employed to inhibit the secretion of hydrogen ions. All compounds inhibited osteoclastic bone resorption, but singularly affected defined modes of activity. These findings suggest that each mode of osteoclastic activity is essential for the bone resorptive process, and that “mode-specific” inhibition may provide a means whereby excessive activity of the osteoclast can be regulated in disease.

scholarly journals Method to extract minimally damaged collagen fibrils from tendon

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. e54
Author(s):  
Yehe Liu ◽  
Nelly Andarawis-Puri ◽  
Steven J. Eppell
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Sea Cucumber ◽  
Dark Field ◽  
Collagen Fibrils ◽  
New Method ◽  
Tendon Tissue ◽  
Fibril Diameter ◽  
Rat Tail ◽  
Scanning Electron

 A new method is presented to extract collagen fibrils from mammalian tendon tissue. Mammalian tendons are treated with a trypsin-based extraction medium and gently separated with tweezers in an aqueous solution. Collagen fibrils released in the solution are imaged using both dark-field light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The method successfully extracts isolated fibrils from rat tail and patellar tendons. To examine whether the method is likely to damage fibrils during extraction, sea cucumber dermis fibril lengths are compared against those obtained using only distilled water. The two methods produce fibrils of similar lengths. This is contrasted with fibrils being shortened when extracted using a tissue homogenizer. Scanning electron microscopy shows the new method preserves D-banding features on fibril surfaces and that fibril diameter does not vary substantially compared with water extracted fibrils. 

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document