Attenuated Total Reflection Fourier Transform Infrared (ATR FT-IR) Spectroscopy as a Forensic Method to Determine the Composition of Inks Used to Print the United States One-cent Blue Benjamin Franklin Postage Stamps of the 19th Century

2016 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 128-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harry G. Brittain
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
The United States ◽  
Total Reflection ◽  
Attenuated Total Reflection ◽  
Benjamin Franklin ◽  
Postage Stamps ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Ft Ir Spectroscopy

Attenuated Total Reflection (ATR) Micro-Fourier Transform Infrared (Micro-FT-IR) Spectroscopy to Enhance Repeatability and Reproducibility of Spectra Derived from Single Specimen Organic-Walled Dinoflagellate Cysts

2021 ◽  
pp. 000370282110411
Author(s):  
Pjotr Meyvisch ◽  
Pieter R. Gurdebeke ◽  
Henk Vrielinck ◽  
Kenneth Neil Mertens ◽  
Gerard Versteegh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Fourier Transform Infrared ◽  
Total Reflection ◽  
Attenuated Total Reflection ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Systematic Exploration ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Repeatability And Reproducibility ◽  
Processing Steps ◽  
Ft Ir Spectroscopy

The chemical composition of recent and fossil organic-walled dinoflagellate cyst walls and its diversity is poorly understood and analyses on single microscopic specimens are rare. A series of infrared spectroscopic experiments resulted in the proposition of a standardized attenuated total reflection micro-Fourier transform infrared-based method that allows the collection of robust data sets consisting of spectra from individual dinocysts. These data sets are largely devoid of nonchemical artifacts inherent to other infrared spectrochemical methods, which have typically been used to study similar specimens in the past. The influence of sample preparation, specimen morphology and size and spectral data processing steps is also assessed within this methodological framework. As a result, several guidelines are proposed which facilitate the collection and qualitative interpretation of highly reproducible and repeatable spectrochemical data. These, in turn, pave the way for a systematic exploration of dinocyst chemistry and its assessment as a chemotaxonomical tool or proxy.

Shape-controlled synthesis of CO-free Pd nanocrystals with the use of formic acid as a reducing agent

2016 ◽  
Vol 52 (85) ◽  
pp. 12594-12597 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shixiong Bao ◽  
Xuan Yang ◽  
Ming Luo ◽  
Shan Zhou ◽  
Xue Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Formic Acid ◽  
Reducing Agent ◽  
Total Reflection ◽  
Attenuated Total Reflection ◽  
Controlled Synthesis ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Shape Controlled ◽  
No Chemisorption ◽  
Ft Ir Spectroscopy

This paper reports the use of formic acid as a reducing agent for the shape-controlled synthesis of Pd nanocrystals with no chemisorption of CO on the surface, as confirmed by attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FT-IR) spectroscopy.

Soy Protein Isolate and Glycerol Hydrogen Bonding Using Two-Dimensional Correlation (2D-COS) Attenuated Total Reflection Fourier Transform Infrared (ATR FT-IR) Spectroscopy

2017 ◽  
Vol 71 (11) ◽  
pp. 2437-2445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiwei Yan ◽  
Qian Li ◽  
Pudun Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Soy Protein ◽  
Soy Protein Isolate ◽  
Protein Isolate ◽  
Total Reflection ◽  
Attenuated Total Reflection ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Β Sheet ◽  
Ft Ir Spectroscopy

It is a trend to substitute bioplastics for petroleum-based plastics in food packaging. Glycerol-plasticized soy protein isolate (SPI) is promising as a replacement for traditional petroleum-based plastics. Hydrogen bonding (H-bonding) plays a key role in plasticization of SPI film. However, few publications are concerned with the interactions of SPI and glycerol at the molecular level. In this paper, attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared (ATR FT-IR) spectroscopy was applied to investigate the effect of H-bonding on the secondary structures of glycerol-plasticized SPI films and thus on the plasticization. An “S” profile of the H-bonding between SPI and glycerol with an abrupt jump in the glycerol range of 10–30% was achieved. For more in-depth investigation of the H-bonding, two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy (2D-COS) and perturbation-correlation moving-window two-dimensional (PCMW2D) analyses were applied to the amide I and II bands of SPI films spectra series. The conformation change sequences under the effect of H-bonding were revealed. When glycerol was involved, it entered into the β-sheet and the H-bonds of the SPI peptide backbone (C = O···H–N–) were replaced by the new H-bonds between SPI and glycerol (C = O···H–O–). The transformations of parallel β-sheet to β-turn in the range of 0–20% and anti-parallel β-sheet to β-turn in the range of 20–35% were obtained. In the 35–60% concentration range, the β-sheet was first changed to a transition state conformation, then together with the β-turn, to the random coil. The 2D-COS results clearly suggest that the conformations of SPI gradually change from the ordered to the less ordered and disordered, which significantly improve the plasticity of SPI film.

scholarly journals Mesoporous Zirconia Coating for Sensing Applications Using Attenuated Total Reflection Fourier Transform Infrared (ATR FT-IR) Spectroscopy

2021 ◽  
pp. 000370282110571
Author(s):  
Dominik Wacht ◽  
Mauro David ◽  
Borislav Hinkov ◽  
Hermann Detz ◽  
Andreas Schwaighofer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Ir Spectroscopy ◽  
Total Reflection ◽  
Attenuated Total Reflection ◽  
In Situ Monitoring ◽  
Zirconia Coating ◽  
Mesoporous Zirconia ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Ft Ir Spectroscopy

Mid-infrared attenuated total reflection (ATR) spectroscopy is a powerful tool for in situ monitoring of various processes. Mesoporous silica, an extensively studied material, has already been applied in sensing schemes due to its high surface area and tunable surface chemistry. However, its poor chemical stability in aqueous solutions at pH values higher than 8 and strong absorption below 1250 cm−1 limits its range of applications. To circumvent these problems, a mesoporous zirconia coating on ATR crystals was developed. Herein, the synthesis, surface modification, and characterization of ordered mesoporous zirconia films on Si wafers and Si-ATR crystals are presented. The modified coating was applied in sensing schemes using aromatic and aliphatic nitriles in aqueous solution as organic pollutants. The mesoporous zirconia coating shows strong chemical resistance when kept in alkaline solution for 72 h. The success of surface modification is confirmed using Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and contact angle measurements. Benzonitrile and valeronitrile in water are used as model analytes to evaluate the enrichment performance of the film. The experimental results are fitted using Freundlich isotherms, and enrichment factors of 162 and 26 are calculated for 10 mg L−1 benzonitrile and 25 mg L−1 valeronitrile in water, respectively. Limits of detection of 1 mg L−1 for benzonitrile and 11 mg L−1 for valeronitrile are obtained. The high chemical stability of this coating allows application in diverse fields such as catalysis with the possibility of in situ monitoring using FT-IR spectroscopy.

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