A New Alkaline Phosphatase Isoenzyme Abnormality

1984 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 352-356
Author(s):  
P D Mayne ◽  
A Ying Foo ◽  
Rosalind Michelson ◽  
I Z Kovar ◽  
S B Rosalki
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Incidental Finding ◽  
Male Infant ◽  
Normal Liver ◽  
Bone Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Total Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase Staining ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase Isoenzyme ◽  
Total Alkaline

We report on a new alkaline phosphatase isoenzyme abnormality occurring as an incidental finding in a male infant aged 4 months. Isoenzyme electrophoresis on cellulose acetate showed a prominent, diffuse alkaline phosphatase staining band in the α1-globulin position together with a second band in the α2/β region and minor ‘trailing’ in the intermediate α2 region. Normal liver and bone alkaline phosphatase were absent and intestinal phosphatase was not detected. On acrylamide gel electrophoresis a marked origin band was detectable suggesting the presence of high molecular weight enzyme. In addition, a series of compact bands in the α2/β position was present cathodal to the usual liver and bone isoenzymes. Total alkaline phosphatase activity was marginally elevated and was heat labile, L-phenylalanine resistant and partially L-homoarginine and L-leucine sensitive.

Electrophoretic Separation of Alkaline Phosphatase Isoenzymes: A Clinical Evaluation

1972 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 172-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. R. G. Warwick ◽  
D. J. C. Shearman ◽  
I. W. Percy-Robb ◽  
A. F. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Serum Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Electrophoretic Separation ◽  
Nucleotidase Activity ◽  
Total Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase Isoenzymes ◽  
Total Alkaline

In 40 patients with a raised total serum alkaline phosphatase, polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was used to separate the liver, bone and intestinal isoenzymes of alkaline phosphatase. The method confirmed the source of the raised alkaline phosphatase in patients with established bone or liver disease. The technique was found to be more reliable than the estimation of 5'-nucleotidase activity in the detection of a raised alkaline phosphatase of hepatic origin and was also useful when the raised total alkaline phosphatase came from two sources.

Bone to Total Alkaline Phosphatase Ratios Improve Sensitivity and Specificity of Bone Alkaline Phosphatase Immunoassays

1997 ◽  
Vol 30 (8) ◽  
pp. 625-629 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lori J Sokoll ◽  
Martin H Kroll ◽  
Michael A Levine ◽  
F.Fred Poordad ◽  
Daniel W Chan
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Bone Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Total Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Total Alkaline

scholarly journals Changes in biliary (high-molecular-mass) and liver isoforms of alkaline phosphatase after baboon-to-human liver transplantation

1994 ◽  
Vol 40 (7) ◽  
pp. 1335-1339 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Mercer ◽  
M Tang ◽  
I R Marino ◽  
A Demetris ◽  
J Fung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Molecular Mass ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Human Liver ◽  
Time Course ◽  
High Molecular Mass ◽  
Activity Time ◽  
Total Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Total Alkaline

Abstract We report a case of hyperphosphatasemia in a 35-year-old patient with hepatitis B who underwent an orthotopic xenogeneic liver transplant. Marked increases in total alkaline phosphatase (ALP; EC 3.1.3.1) activity began 5 days posttransplantation (six times human normal) and increased to approximately 17 times normal at day 11. Increased ALP persisted for > 40 days and steadily increased to 75 times normal in the patient's last 30 days. Gel electrophoresis detected both liver (LALP) and biliary (high-molecular-mass, BALP) isoforms. LALP measured with ion-exchange columns revealed an activity time course pattern similar to that of total ALP. Results for BALP activity also obtained with ion-exchange columns exhibited broad variability, ranging from 2 to 428 times normal.

scholarly journals Multiple forms of alkaline phosphatase in plasma of hemodialysis patients

1991 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 815-820 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Tibi ◽  
S C Chhabra ◽  
V M Sweeting ◽  
R J Winney ◽  
A F Smith
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Total Activity ◽  
Bone Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Intestinal Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Total Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Gamma Glutamyltransferase ◽  
Biochemical Indices ◽  
Increased Activity ◽  
Separate Measurement ◽  
Total Alkaline

Abstract We used quantitative assays to measure the activity of the bone, liver, and intestinal forms of alkaline phosphatase in plasma in 75 patients with endstage chronic renal failure undergoing hemodialysis. The results were correlated with radiological and other biochemical indices of bone disease and with biochemical indices of liver disease. The total activity of alkaline phosphatase in plasma increased in 28 patients. In 10 of these patients, nine of whom had increased activity of gamma-glutamyltransferase in plasma, the increase in total activity of alkaline phosphatase was from the liver isoenzyme alone (nine patients) or from the liver and bone isoenzymes together (one patient). Intestinal alkaline phosphatase in plasma, although greater than 23 U/L in eight patients, was solely responsible for the increase in total alkaline phosphatase in one patient (who had normal gamma-glutamyltransferase). Bone alkaline phosphatase in plasma was increased in 25 patients, seven of whom had normal total alkaline phosphatase, and was closely correlated (r = 0.78) with osteocalcin concentration in plasma, which was increased in a much greater proportion of patients (99%). Both total and bone alkaline phosphatase were correlated with parathyrin in plasma (r = 0.46 and 0.50, respectively) and with osteocalcin (r = 0.60 and 0.78, respectively). Osteocalcin and bone alkaline phosphatase, but not parathyrin, decreased with age, implying that the skeletal response to parathyrin may be age dependent. In patients with increased total alkaline phosphatase undergoing hemodialysis, the concurrent measurement of gamma-glutamyltransferase may help identify whether the enzyme increase originates from the liver or bone, but this approach wrongly identified the source of the increase in three of 28 patients. Therefore, we recommend a separate measurement of the bone isoenzyme of alkaline phosphatase.

Bone Alkaline Phosphatase in Rheumatic Diseases

1995 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 379-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Beyeler ◽  
Rosamonde E Banks ◽  
Douglas Thompson ◽  
Mary A Forbes ◽  
Edward H Cooper ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Rheumatic Diseases ◽  
Active Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Bone Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Plasma Viscosity ◽  
Inflammatory Rheumatic Diseases ◽  
Total Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Glutamyl Transferase ◽  
Total Alkaline

A double monoclonal immunoradiometric assay specific for bone alkaline phosphatase (BAP) was used to determine whether the raised total alkaline phosphatase (TAP) often found in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is derived from bone or liver. Fifty-eight patients with RA were compared to 14 with AS and 14 with non-inflammatory rheumatic diseases (NI). None had clinical liver disease and only one had a slightly elevated aspartate transaminase activity. Elevated BAP concentrations were found in seven patients (5 RA, 1 AS, 1 NI), only two of whom also had abnormal TAP. Abnormal TAP activities were found in only three patients (all RA). BAP did not correlate with disease activity in RA or AS. In contrast, TAP correlated with disease activity (assessed by plasma viscosity) in RA ( P < 0·02) and AS ( P < 0·002) and γ-glutamyl transferase (GGT) also correlated with plasma viscosity in RA ( P < 0·01). Both TAP and BAP were significantly correlated with GGT in RA ( P < 0·001 and P < 0·02, respectively). These findings are discussed, together with possible reasons for the conflicting nature of some of the observations.

scholarly journals Serum total and bone alkaline phosphatase levels and their correlation with serum minerals over the lifespan of sheep

2014 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Sousa ◽  
Jorge Azevedo ◽  
Amélia Silva ◽  
Carlos Viegas ◽  
Rui Reis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Science Studies ◽  
Bone Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Bone Biomarkers ◽  
Total Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Animal Science ◽  
Serum Minerals ◽  
Mineral Levels ◽  
Female Sheep ◽  
Total Alkaline

This study aimed to assess serum total alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and its bone isoform (BALP) levels during the ageing and in different physiologic states of sheep, in order to expand the knowledge about the variation of these biomarkers over the sheep lifespan. Ninety female sheep were divided into nine groups of various ages and physiological states (dry, lactation and pregnancy). Serum ALP, BALP and mineral levels were determined by commercial immunoassay, molecular absorbance spectrophotometry and chemical luminescence for BALP determination. Serum ALP and BALP decreased as sheep aged, and no statistically significant differences were obtained between ewes in different physiologic states. The continuous decline of serum BALP concentration along the sheep lifespan, namely in mature and old sheep, is a sign of decreasing bone turnover associated with ageing. Serum calcium concentrations increased slightly until 2 years of age and then showed a tenuous but statistically significant decrease in mature sheep, while serum phosphorus maintained an uninterrupted decrease as sheep matured. The knowledge of serum values of bone biomarkers throughout the sheep lifespan may be useful in preclinical orthopaedic research studies and for animal science studies using sheep.

scholarly journals Bone mineral density and serum levels of 25 OH vitamin D in chronic users of antiepileptic drugs

2004 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 940-948 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina A.M. Kulak ◽  
Victória Z.C. Borba ◽  
John P. Bilezikian ◽  
Carlos E. Silvado ◽  
Luciano de Paola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Antiepileptic Drugs ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Total Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Total Alkaline

The aim of this cross sectional study was to evaluate bone mineral density (BMD) and serum levels of 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25OHD) in a group of patients taking antiepileptic drugs (AED) for a seizure disorder. Between May-2001 and January-2003, we evaluated 58 patients (40 women/18 men), 34.4±6 years old living in Curitiba or in its metropolitan area, on antiepileptic therapy for 2 to 38 years (10 on monotherapy /48 on multiple drugs regime). The group was matched by age, gender, and bone mass index to 29 healthy subjects (20 women/ 9 men); 34.2±5.9 years old. Medical history and physical exam were performed on all subjects with particular information sought about fractures and risks factors for osteoporosis. Blood samples were collected for total serum calcium, albumin, phosphorus, creatinine, total alkaline phosphatase, and liver function tests. BMD of the lumbar spine, femur and forearm was determined by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA, Hologic QDR 1000). Between February and April-2003, other blood samples were collected to measure 25OHD, intact paratohormone (PTH) and calcium. Unemployment and smoking history were more frequent among patients than among controls (p<0.05). Fifteen patients had a fracture history, all of which occurred during a seizure. The BMD of the lumbar spine (0.975±0. 13 g/cm² vs. 1.058±0.1 g/cm²; p<0.03) and of the total femur (0.930±0.1 g/cm² vs. 0.988±0.12 g/cm²; p<0.02) was lower in patients than in controls. In 63.5% of patients and in 24.1 % of controls a T-score < -1.0 in at least one site was seen. The AED users had higher total alkaline phosphatase and lower 25OHD (p<0.02). No correlations between BMD and 25OHD were found. The use of phenytoin was correlated with a greater incidence of fractures (RR: 2.38). We conclude that patients on chronic use of AED have alterations in bone metabolism characterized in this study by lower BMD of the lumbar spine and total femur and lower serum concentrations of 25OHD.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document