scholarly journals Emotional Health Predicts Changes in Body Mass Index (BMI-z) Among Black and Latino Youth

2015 ◽  
Vol 54 (7) ◽  
pp. 693-696 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam M. Jernigan ◽  
Lisa Rosenthal ◽  
Amy Carroll-Scott ◽  
Susan M. Peters ◽  
Catherine McCaslin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Emotional Health ◽  
Latino Youth ◽  
Black And Latino Youth ◽  
Black And Latino

scholarly journals The costs of high self-control in Black and Latino youth with asthma: Divergence of mental health and inflammatory profiles

2019 ◽  
Vol 80 ◽  
pp. 120-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edith Chen ◽  
Madeleine U. Shalowitz ◽  
Rachel E. Story ◽  
Robin Hayen ◽  
Adam K.K. Leigh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Latino Youth ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Black And Latino Youth ◽  
Black And Latino

scholarly journals The criminogenic and psychological effects of police stops on adolescent black and Latino boys

2019 ◽  
Vol 116 (17) ◽  
pp. 8261-8268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Del Toro ◽  
Tracey Lloyd ◽  
Kim S. Buchanan ◽  
Summer Joi Robins ◽  
Lucy Zhang Bencharit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Criminal Behavior ◽  
Latino Youth ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Predominantly Black ◽  
Proactive Policing ◽  
Latino Boys ◽  
Black And Latino Youth ◽  
Black And Latino

Proactive policing, the strategic targeting of people or places to prevent crimes, is a well-studied tactic that is ubiquitous in modern law enforcement. A 2017 National Academies of Sciences report reviewed existing literature, entrenched in deterrence theory, and found evidence that proactive policing strategies can reduce crime. The existing literature, however, does not explore what the short and long-term effects of police contact are for young people who are subjected to high rates of contact with law enforcement as a result of proactive policing. Using four waves of longitudinal survey data from a sample of predominantly black and Latino boys in ninth and tenth grades, we find that adolescent boys who are stopped by police report more frequent engagement in delinquent behavior 6, 12, and 18 months later, independent of prior delinquency, a finding that is consistent with labeling and life course theories. We also find that psychological distress partially mediates this relationship, consistent with the often stated, but rarely measured, mechanism for adolescent criminality hypothesized by general strain theory. These findings advance the scientific understanding of crime and adolescent development while also raising policy questions about the efficacy of routine police stops of black and Latino youth. Police stops predict decrements in adolescents’ psychological well-being and may unintentionally increase their engagement in criminal behavior.

Book Reviews

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 345-351
Author(s):  
Dejan Jontes ◽  
Alexa Scarlata ◽  
Francesca Sobande
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Latino Youth ◽  
New York University ◽  
Digital Inequality ◽  
Black And Latino Youth ◽  
Black And Latino

Netflix Nations: The Geography of Digital Distribution, Ramon Lobato (2019)New York: New York University Press, 233 pp.,ISBN 978-1-47980-494-8, p/bk, £19.98Online TV, Catherine Johnson (2019)London and New York: Routledge, 176 pp.,ISBN 978-1-13822-687-6, h/bk, £110The Digital Edge: How Black and Latino Youth Navigate Digital Inequality, S. Craig Watkins with Andres Lombana-Bermudez, Alexander Cho, Jacqueline Ryan Vickery, Vivian Shaw and Lauren Weinzimmer (2018)New York: New York University Press, 291 pp.,ISBN 978-1-47985-411-0, p/bk, £15.40

scholarly journals Less Animal-Based Food, Better Weight Status: Associations of the Restriction of Animal-Based Product Intake with Body-Mass-Index, Depressive Symptoms and Personality in the General Population

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evelyn Medawar ◽  
Cornelia Enzenbach ◽  
Susanne Roehr ◽  
Arno Villringer ◽  
Steffi Riedel-Heller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Emotional Health ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Cross Sectional

Restricting animal-based products from diet may exert beneficial effects on weight status; however, less is known about such a diet and emotional health. Moreover, personality traits, for example high neuroticism, may contribute to restrictive eating habits and potentially confound diet-health associations. We aim to systematically assess if restrictive dietary intake of animal-based products relates to lower weight and higher depressive symptoms, and if differences in personality traits play a significant role. Cross-sectional data from the baseline LIFE-Adult study were collected from 2011–2014 in Leipzig, Germany (n = 8943). Main outcomes of interest were dietary frequency of animal-derived products in the last year measured using a Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ), body-mass-index (BMI) (kg/m2), and the Center of Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). Personality traits were assessed in a subsample of n = 7906 using the Five Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI). Higher restriction of animal-based product intake was associated with a lower BMI, but not with depression scores. Personality, i.e., lower extraversion, was related to lower frequency of animal product intake. Moreover, personality traits were significantly associated with depressive symptoms, i.e., higher neuroticism, lower extraversion, lower agreeableness, lower conscientiousness, and with higher BMI. These findings encourage future longitudinal studies to test the efficacy of restricting animal-based products as a preventive and therapeutic strategy for overweight and obesity.

scholarly journals Ending the Epidemic: Assessing Sexual Health Communication, Personal Agency, and HIV Stigma among Black and Latino Youth in the U.S

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 6319
Author(s):  
Lance Keene ◽  
Donte Boyd
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Health ◽  
Health Communication ◽  
Latino Youth ◽  
Hiv Stigma ◽  
Personal Agency ◽  
National Plan ◽  
Sexual Health Communication ◽  
Black And Latino Youth ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Black And Latino

Sexual health communication warrants greater attention as it may help to reduce the rates of HIV incidence among youth. A growing body of literature suggests that conversations about sexual health among Black and Latino youth may serve as a potential strategy for HIV prevention. The current study investigates whether sexual health communication—in particular, conversations about sexual health and HIV—influences Black and Latino youth’s personal agency regarding their role in achieving an HIV-free generation. For this secondary data analysis, we used the National Survey of Teens and Young Adults on attitudes towards HIV/AIDS (n = 701). Participants included youth between the ages 15 and 24, and the average was 20 years. We used a multiple regression analysis to examine whether sexual health communication contributed to youth knowledge and awareness of (1) the national plan for EHE, and (2) their role in ending the epidemic”. (1) knowledge and awareness of the national plan for EHE, and (2) role in ending the epidemic. The final multiple regression model was statistically significant [R2 = 0.16 F (12, 701) = 001, p < 0.001] for both outcomes. Study results found that sexual health communication was positively related to Black and Latino youth’s awareness of efforts to end the HIV epidemic (EHE) and their belief that they could play a role in achieving EHE. In addition, HIV stigma influenced personal agency and whether youth were aware of efforts to achieve EHE. Our results demonstrated that openly communicating about sexual health and HIV may contribute to a sense of personal agency among Black and Latino youth. In addition, understanding whether sexual health communication contributes to a sense of personal agency among youth may inform HIV prevention efforts to achieve the goals set forth by the national EHE plan for the U.S.

“Kid Thugs Are Spreading Terror Through the Streets”: Youth, Crime, and the Expansion of the Juvenile Justice System in Los Angeles, 1973-1980

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 476-500
Author(s):  
Max Felker-Kantor
Keyword(s):  
Los Angeles ◽  
Juvenile Justice ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Juvenile Justice System ◽  
Latino Youth ◽  
Court Records ◽  
Status Offenders ◽  
Tiered System ◽  
Black And Latino Youth ◽  
Black And Latino

Over the course of the 1970s, liberal and conservative officials in Los Angeles worked to reform a juvenile justice system they believed to be too lenient on children and teenagers who committed crimes. They intended for diversion programs, vocational training, and rehabilitation measures to complement punitive approaches of surveillance, arrest, and incarceration. By posing rehabilitation as complementary to imprisonment, liberal officials contributed to the development of a dual system of juvenile justice. As a result, the carceral state extended beyond the formal criminal justice system and into a range of other institutions, such as schools and social welfare agencies. The two-tiered system, however, also drove the criminalization of black and Latino youth by focusing punishment on them. In contrast to white suburbanites, who were treated as status offenders, black and Latino kids and teenagers received juvenile criminal and court records and increasingly came into contact with an expanded juvenile justice system over the course of the 1970s.

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