Severe Unintentional Injuries to Ohio Children: What We Should Be Addressing at Well-Child Visits

2018 ◽  
Vol 57 (9) ◽  
pp. 1092-1099
Author(s):  
Victoria M. Wurster Ovalle ◽  
Wendy J. Pomerantz ◽  
Michael A. Gittelman
Keyword(s):  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Motor Vehicle Collisions ◽  
Injury Patterns ◽  
National Data ◽  
Unintentional Injuries ◽  
Severe Injuries ◽  
Vehicle Collisions ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Significant Injury

This was a retrospective study examining severe injuries to Ohio children in order to provide pediatricians with targeted injury talking points at well visits. We included children ≤14 years old from the Ohio Trauma Acute Care Registry with severe unintentional injuries from January 1, 2003, to December 31, 2012. There were 45 347 patients; 611 died, and the mean age was 6.8 years. Fractures/dislocations were common (46.6%), and many injuries occurred at home (49.1%). In children ≤2 years old, the leading causes of injury were falls and burns/fire; falls and motor vehicle collisions (MVCs) predominated above this age. Leading causes of death were MVCs, drowning, and suffocation. We concluded that national data may not always reflect state-specific injury patterns. In Ohio, though falls and MVCs were the most common mechanisms, fire and drowning also caused significant injury. Given limited time to discuss injury prevention, pediatricians should concentrate on statewide injuries.

scholarly journals Factors Influencing Pregnant Women’s Injuries and Fetal Loss Due to Motor Vehicle Collisions: A National Crash Data-Based Study

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 273
Author(s):  
Shinobu Hattori ◽  
Masahito Hitosugi ◽  
Shingo Moriguchi ◽  
Mineko Baba ◽  
Marin Takaso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Injury Severity ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Fetal Loss ◽  
Motor Vehicle Collisions ◽  
Severe Injuries ◽  
Vehicle Collisions ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Negative Outcome

To examine the factors that influence substantial injuries for pregnant women and negative fetal outcomes in motor vehicle collisions (MVCs), a retrospective analysis using the National Automotive Sampling System/Crashworthiness Data System was performed in Shiga University of Medical Science. We analyzed data from 736 pregnant women who, between 2001 and 2015, had injuries that were an abbreviated injury scale (AIS) score of one or more. The mean age was 25.9 ± 6.4 years and the mean gestational age was 26.2 ± 8.2 weeks. Additionally, 568 pregnant women had mild injuries and 168 had moderate to severe injuries. Logistic regression analysis revealed that seatbelt use (odds ratio (OR), 0.30), airbag deployment (OR, 2.00), and changes in velocity (21–40 km/h: OR, 3.03; 41–60 km/h: OR, 13.47; ≥61 km/h: OR, 44.56) were identified as independent predictors of having a moderate to severe injury. The positive and negative outcome groups included 231 and 12 pregnant women, respectively. Injury severity in pregnant women was identified as an independent predictor of a negative outcome (OR, 2.79). Avoiding moderate to severe maternal injuries is a high priority for saving the fetus, and education on appropriate seatbelt use and limiting vehicle speed for pregnant women is required.

scholarly journals Responses of a Pre-hospital Emergency Medical Service During Military Conflict Versus COVID-19: A Retrospective Comparative Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eli Jaffe ◽  
Roman Sonkin ◽  
Evan Avraham Alpert ◽  
Erik Zerath
Keyword(s):  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Motor Vehicle Collisions ◽  
Vehicle Collisions ◽  
Military Conflict ◽  
Post Conflict ◽  
Military Conflicts ◽  
Comparative Cohort Study ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Military ◽  
Conflict Period

ABSTRACT Background Decreases in routine healthcare practices have been shown to occur during disasters. However, research regarding the impacts of natural disasters, pandemics, or military conflicts on emergency medical services (EMS) is scarce. Objectives This study assessed the impact of a military conflict versus the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on a national EMS organization in terms of responses to overall daily emergencies, medical illnesses, motor vehicle collisions, and other injuries. Methods This retrospective comparative cohort study assessed daily routine emergency ambulance calls to Magen David Adom (MDA), Israel’s national EMS organization. This included overall emergency calls as well as those related to medical illnesses, motor vehicle collisions (MVCs), and other injuries. All data were obtained from the MDA command and control database. During the military conflict Operation Protective Edge (2014), the civilian population was subjected to intensive rocket attacks for 24 days, followed by 26 days of a progressive withdrawal of operations and then to a post-conflict period. During the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic (March-April 2020), the population was subjected to 32 days of total lockdown, followed by 27 days of progressive relief of confinement, and then to a post-lockdown period. Results The total number of emergency calls in this study was 330,430. During the conflict, the mean number of daily calls decreased, followed by an increase during Relief and Post-Conflict with higher values in Post-Conflict than in Pre-Conflict. During the COVID-19 pandemic, there was a decrease in the mean daily number of calls during Lockdown. It remained low during Relief and increased during Post-Lockdown. However, it remained lower in Post-Lockdown than during Pre-Lockdown. Calls related to medical illnesses decreased during the conflict and during the lockdown. The post-conflict period was characterized by a similar baseline call magnitude but not during the post-lockdown period. Decreases in calls for MVC and other injuries were significant during the lockdown but not during the military conflict. Post-lockdown was accompanied by return to baseline call volumes for MVC, whereas calls for other injuries increased above baseline both after the lockdown and military conflict. Conclusion This study shows decreasing trends in routine daily calls for EMS during both Operation Protective Edge and COVID-19. However, different patterns of needs for EMS were evidenced for medical illnesses, MVC, or calls concerning other injuries. These results are instrumental for managing the operational demands of EMS during military conflicts and pandemics.

Injury patterns among obese children involved in motor vehicle collisions

2009 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 1218-1222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramanath N. Haricharan ◽  
Russell L. Griffin ◽  
Douglas C. Barnhart ◽  
Carroll M. Harmon ◽  
Gerald McGwin
Keyword(s):  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Motor Vehicle Collisions ◽  
Injury Patterns ◽  
Vehicle Collisions

Restraint Use and Injury Patterns among Children Involved in Motor Vehicle Collisions

2002 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 745-751 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Valent ◽  
Gerald McGwin ◽  
William Hardin ◽  
Carden Johnston ◽  
Loring W. Rue
Keyword(s):  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Motor Vehicle Collisions ◽  
Injury Patterns ◽  
Vehicle Collisions ◽  
Restraint Use

scholarly journals Autopsy findings in drivers and passengers from fatal motor vehicle collisions: limited differences in injury patterns and toxicological test results

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Mario Breen ◽  
Pål Aksel Næss ◽  
Christine Gaarder ◽  
Arne Stray-Pedersen
Keyword(s):  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Contact Point ◽  
Seat Belt ◽  
Rear Seat ◽  
Motor Vehicle Collisions ◽  
Front Seat ◽  
Severe Injuries ◽  
Vehicle Collisions ◽  
Autopsy Findings ◽  
Drug Concentrations

AbstractWe performed a retrospective study of the injuries and characteristics of occupant fatalities in motor vehicle collisions in southeast Norway. The goal was to provide updated knowledge of injuries sustained in modern vehicles and detect possible differences in injury pattern between drivers and passengers. Forensic autopsy reports, police, and collision investigation reports from 2000 to 2014 were studied, data extracted and analyzed.A total of 284 drivers, 80 front-seat passengers, and 37 rear-seat passengers were included, of which 67.3% died in front collisions, 13.7% in near-side impacts, 13.5% in rollovers and 5.5% in other/combined collisions. Overall, 80.5% died within one hour after the crash. The presence of fatal injuries to the head, neck, thorax and abdomen were observed in 63.6%, 10.7%, 61.6% and 27.4% respectively. All occupants with severe injuries to the head or neck had signs of direct impact with contact point injuries to the skin or skull. Injuries to the heart and spleen were less common in front-seat passengers compared to drivers. Seat belt abrasions were more common and lower extremity fractures less common in both front-seat and rear-seat passengers compared to drivers. Blood alcohol and/or drug concentrations suggestive of impairment were present in 30% of all occupants, with alcohol more often detected among front-seat passengers compared to drivers.Few driver-specific and passenger-specific patterns of injury could be identified. When attempting to assess an occupant’s seating position within a vehicle, autopsy findings should be interpreted with caution and only in conjunction with documentation from the crash scene.

Predicting driver from front passenger using only the post-mortem pattern of injury following a motor vehicle collision

2007 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 299-310
Author(s):  
Eleanor Curtin ◽  
Neil E.I. Langlois
Keyword(s):  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Predictive Accuracy ◽  
The Body ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Motor Vehicle Collisions ◽  
Injury Patterns ◽  
Vehicle Collisions ◽  
Front Passenger ◽  
Collision Type ◽  
The Right

This study aimed to establish whether post-mortem injury patterns can assist in distinguishing drivers from front seat passengers among victims of motor vehicle collisions without regard to collision type, vehicle type or if safety equipment had been used. Injuries sustained by 206 drivers and 91 front seat passengers were catalogued from post-mortem reports. Injuries were coded for the body region, depth and location of the injury. Statistical analysis was used to detect injuries capable of discriminating between driver and passenger. Drivers were more likely to sustain the following injuries: brain injury; fractures to the right femur, right posterior ribs, base of skull, right humerus and right shoulder; and superficial wounds at the right lateral and posterior thigh, right face, right and left anterior knee, right anterior shoulder, lateral right arm and forearm and left anterior thigh. Front passengers were more vulnerable to splenic injury; fractures to the left posterior and anterior ribs, left shoulder and left femur; and superficial wounds at the left anterior shoulder region and left lateral neck. Linear discriminant analysis generated a model for predicting seating position based on the presence of injury to certain regions of the body; the overall predictive accuracy of the model was 69.3%. It was found that driver and front passenger fatalities receive different injury patterns from motor vehicle collisions, regardless of collision type. A larger study is required to improve the predictive accuracy of this model and to ascertain its value to forensic medicine.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document