Better to Stay Home: Evaluating the Impact of Day Reporting Centers on Offending

2017 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordan M. Hyatt ◽  
Michael Ostermann
Keyword(s):  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Experimental Evaluation ◽  
Propensity Scores ◽  
Community Resource ◽  
Matching Process ◽  
Correctional Policy ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Parole Revocation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Full Population

This article reports the findings of a quasi-experimental evaluation of community resource centers (CRCs)—nonresidential, day reporting centers employed for recent parolees. CRC participants ( n = 2,789), drawn from release cohorts in 2008, 2009, and 2010, were matched using propensity scores to similar parolees who did not participate in CRC programming ( n = 16,500). At the conclusion of the scoring and matching process, 2,789 CRC–parolee pairs were identified, including the full population of program participants. Outcome measures, including rearrest, reconviction, and parole revocation rates, after 1, 2, and 3 years are reported. Across all release cohorts, CRC participants were arrested and revoked at significantly higher rates, resulting in higher rates of returns to custody. Implications for correctional policy are considered.

A quasi-experimental evaluation of an intervention to increase palliative medicine referral in the emergency department

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 155-163
Author(s):  
Eoin Tiernan ◽  
John Ryan ◽  
Mary Casey ◽  
Aine Hale ◽  
Valerie O’Reilly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Experimental Evaluation ◽  
Palliative Medicine ◽  
Propensity Scores ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Primary Analysis ◽  
Referral Rates ◽  
Palliative Care Consultation ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
The Impact

Objective To evaluate a new intervention intended to increase referral rates from the emergency department (ED) to the palliative medicine service (PMS) in acute hospitals. Methods We conducted a quasi-experimental evaluation in an urban teaching hospital in Dublin, Ireland. Data were collected over two eight-week periods in November/December 2013 and May/June 2015, with the PALliative Medicine in the Emergency Department (PAL.M.ED.™) intervention implemented in the intervening period. All adults who were admitted to the hospital via the ED during the two time periods and who received a palliative care consultation during their hospital stay were included in the study. Our primary analysis evaluated the impact of PAL.M.ED.™ on PMS referral in the ED. Our secondary analysis evaluated the impact of PMS referral in the ED on length of stay (LOS) and utilization, compared to PMS referral later in the admission. We controlled for observed confounding between groups using propensity scores. Results PAL.M.ED.™ was associated with an increase in PMS referral in the ED ( p < 0.005; odds ratio: 10.5 (95%CI: 3.8 to 28.7)). PMS referral in the ED was associated with shorter hospital LOS ( p < 0.005; −10.9 days (95%CI: −17.7 to −4.1)). Conclusions Low PMS referral rates in the ED, and the poor outcomes for patients and hospitals that arise from admissions of those with serious illness, may be mitigated by a proactive intervention to identify appropriate patients at admission.

scholarly journals Impact of regular chest percussion on outcome measures for infants with pneumonia

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Eman Abdel Fattah Hassan ◽  
Hoda Wahid Amer
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Respiratory Health ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Routine Care ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
The Impact

Objective: To evaluate the impact of regular chest percussion on outcome measures for infants with pneumonia.Methods: A two-group pre-post quasi-experimental design was conducted in the Pediatrics Medical Unit at Abu Elrish Children’s Hospital, Cairo University. The experiment involved 100 infants fifty (control group) followed the hospital routine care and other fifty applied regular chest percussion (intervention group). Chest condition was assessed subjectively and objectively throughout five days before and after the regular chest percussion using Pediatrics Respiratory Severity Scales. Physiological measurements of infant’s respiratory rate, heart rate, and temperature and oxygen saturation were assessed. All research ethics were applied.Results: The mean of Pediatric Respiratory Severity Score (PRSS), temperature, respiration, heart rate and oxygen saturation among infants was statistically improved throughout the intervention days than the control group 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th days post the regular chest percussion at a significance level as p < .05.Conclusions: The regular chest percussion had a significant improvement in the respiratory health conditions for infants with bacterial pneumonia. This study recommends regular chest percussion that should be applied in medicine and intensive care units. Further researches must be done to add more evidence -based practices regarding the effect of chest percussion for children with pneumonia.

scholarly journals Can antipoverty programmes save lives? Quasi-experimental evidence from the Earned Income Tax Credit in the USA

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. e037051
Author(s):  
Peter Muennig ◽  
Daniel Vail ◽  
Jahn K Hakes
Keyword(s):  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Income Tax ◽  
State Level ◽  
Earned Income Tax Credit ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Tax Credit ◽  
Earned Income ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Impact

ObjectiveTo estimate the impact of state-level supplements of the Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC) on mortality in the USA. The EITC supplements the wages of lower-income workers by providing larger returns when taxes are filed.SettingNationwide sample spanning 25 cohorts of people across every state in the USA.Participants793 000 respondents within the National Longitudinal Mortality Survey (NLMS) between 1986 and 2011, a representative sample of the USA.InterventionState-level supplementation to the EITC programme. Some, but not all, states added EITC supplementation to varying degrees beginning in 1986 (Wisconsin) and most recently in 2015 (California). Participants who were eligible in states with supplementary programmes were compared with those who were not eligible for supplementation. Comparisons were made both before and after implementation of the supplementary programme (a difference-in-difference, intent-to-treat analysis). This quasi-experimental approach further controls for age, gender, marital status, race or ethnicity, educational attainment, income and employment status.Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe primary outcome measure was survival at 10 years. Secondary outcome measures included survival at 5 years and survival to the end of the intervention period.ResultsWe find an association between state supplemental EITC and survival, with a HR of 0.973 (95% CI=0.951–0.996) for each US$100 of EITC increase (p<0.05).ConclusionState-level supplemental EITC may be an effective means of increasing survival in the USA.

Assessing the Impact of a Municipal Pesticide Use Bylaw: A Quasi-Experimental Evaluation

Epidemiology ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 18 (Suppl) ◽  
pp. S149
Author(s):  
D Cole ◽  
M Bienefeld ◽  
S Wanigaratne ◽  
R Whate ◽  
E Crosse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Evaluation ◽  
Pesticide Use ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
The Impact

Program Evaluation and the Education for All Handicapped Children Act

1979 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl J. Dunst
Keyword(s):  
Program Evaluation ◽  
Experimental Evaluation ◽  
Public Law ◽  
Experimental Designs ◽  
Education For All ◽  
Handicapped Children ◽  
Evaluation Approach ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
The Impact

Public Law 94-142 states that the impact of programs authorized under the Act be adequately evaluated. This article describes the evaluation requirements as delineated in the Act and specifies the type of evaluation that is necessary to meet the stated requirements. An experimental evaluation approach is recommended for assessing the efficacy of programs and projects operated under the Act. Examples of the use of quasi experimental designs for evaluative purposes are presented.

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