scholarly journals EXPRESS: Expatriate Work Role Engagement and the Work-Family Interface: A Conditional Crossover and Spillover Perspective

2021 ◽  
pp. 001872672110468
Author(s):  
B. Sebastian Reiche ◽  
Mihaela Dimitrova ◽  
Mina Westman ◽  
Shoshi Chen ◽  
Olivier Wurtz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Work Role ◽  
Conservation Of Resources ◽  
Family Role ◽  
Personal Resource ◽  
Organizational Interventions ◽  
Work Family ◽  
Using Data ◽  
General Self Efficacy ◽  
Role Engagement

How intertwined are expatriates with their families? And what makes some expatriates better than others at leveraging positive or compensating for negative influences from their family life? Drawing on conservation of resources, crossover and spillover theories, we examine when partner family role adjustment influences expatriates’ family experiences, and how and when these experiences translate into expatriate work role engagement. Using data from 105 expatriate-partner dyads at two time points, we establish the key personal resource of general self-efficacy as a boundary condition for crossover and spillover. We find that expatriates with high self-efficacy experience no crossover between partner family role adjustment and expatriate family role adjustment, and positive spillover between their family role engagement and their work role engagement. By contrast, expatriates with low self-efficacy experience strong crossover between partner family role adjustment and expatriate family role adjustment, and negative spillover between their family role engagement and work role engagement. Our results suggest that the way in which the family domain influences expatriate work role engagement depends on general self-efficacy. We contribute to conservation of resources, crossover and spillover theories, and the work-family interface during expatriation. Our results also pinpoint organizational interventions to improve expatriates’ work role engagement.

scholarly journals Daily use of alcohol in the Norwegian general population: Prevalence and associated factors

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-121
Author(s):  
Tore Bonsaksen ◽  
Trond Heir ◽  
Laila Skogstad ◽  
Tine K. Grimholt ◽  
Øivind Ekeberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
General Population ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Personal Resource ◽  
Harmful Use ◽  
General Self Efficacy ◽  
Harmful Use Of Alcohol

Purpose Harmful use of alcohol is a major public health problem. While harm is often researched in the context of heavy drinking episodes, high-frequency drinking, even when drinking moderate quantities, constitutes a health risk in a longer perspective. The purpose of this paper is to examine the prevalence of daily use of alcohol in the Norwegian general population and to assess sociodemographic, mental health-related and personal resource variables associated with daily use of alcohol. Design/methodology/approach A cross-sectional survey concerned with health, illness and serious life events was distributed to 5,500 persons in the general population in Norway (response rate 36%). Sociodemographic variables, personal resource variables (general self-efficacy, optimism and extraversion) and psychological distress (current anxiety and/or depression) were assessed with regards to their associations with daily drinking in unadjusted and adjusted regression models. Findings Daily use of alcohol was reported by 39 persons (2.2%) in the sample (3.1% of men and 1.4% of women). While general self-efficacy, optimism and extraversion were unrelated to daily drinking, the adjusted model revealed that male sex (OR: 2.18, p < 0.05), being unemployed/not in education (OR: 3.10, p < 0.05) and reporting current anxiety and/or depression (OR: 3.12, p < 0.01) were associated with daily use of alcohol. Originality/value The study has contributed to the knowledge about daily drinkers in a representative sample of the Norwegian population. A proportion of 2.2% was found to drink alcohol on a daily basis. Compared to their counterparts, the odds of daily drinking were higher for men, unemployed persons and persons reporting current psychological distress. Public health initiatives aiming at reducing harmful use of alcohol may pay particular attention to these subsets of the population.

scholarly journals Toward Understanding Remote Workers’ Management of Work–Family Boundaries: The Complexity of Workplace Embeddedness

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 346-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberly A. Eddleston ◽  
Jay Mulki
Keyword(s):  
Family Conflict ◽  
Work Role ◽  
Family Role ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Work Conflict ◽  
Remote Workers ◽  
The Family ◽  
Family Boundaries ◽  
Family Integration ◽  
Work Family

This study employs a multi-method research design to examine how remote workers, or employees who work solely from home, manage the work–family interface. Our qualitative study revealed that working from home creates unique challenges for remote workers because the work role becomes embedded in the family domain such that their home comes to be associated with the work role, work physically and psychologically intrudes upon their family, and habits and norms form that induce remote workers to be preoccupied with work when home. Based on the qualitative findings, a model was proposed and tested via a questionnaire. Findings from this study of remote workers demonstrated that work–family integration increases family-to-work conflict and work-to-family conflict, and that an inability to disengage from work increases work-to-family conflict. Furthermore, strong work–family integration was found to be particularly harmful to male remote workers’ work-to-family conflict whereas a strong inability to disengage from work was found to be particularly harmful to female remote workers’ work-to-family conflict. Our findings therefore revealed that working solely from home encourages remote workers to overwork and to allow their work to infringe on their family role.

scholarly journals The Bright and Dark Sides of Resources for Cross-Role Interrupting Behaviors and Work–Family Conflict: Preliminary Multigroup Findings on Remote and Traditional Working

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (22) ◽  
pp. 12207
Author(s):  
Ferdinando Paolo Santarpia ◽  
Laura Borgogni ◽  
Chiara Consiglio ◽  
Pietro Menatta
Keyword(s):  
Family Conflict ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Conservation Of Resources ◽  
Work Behaviors ◽  
Job Autonomy ◽  
Work Family Conflict ◽  
Personal Resource ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Personal Initiative ◽  
Work Family

Using boundary management and conservation of resources theories, we examined how job resources (i.e., job autonomy and goal-oriented leadership) and a work-related personal resource (i.e., personal initiative at work) relate to cross-role interrupting behaviors—i.e., interrupting the work (or non-work) role to attend to competing non-work (or work) demands—and how, in turn, they correlate with work–family conflict. Furthermore, we examined differences in the proposed nomological network between workers adopting traditional and remote ways of working. Using a multigroup structural equation modelling approach on a sample of 968 employees from an Italian telecommunications company, we found that: (a) job autonomy was positively related to both work interrupting non-work behaviors and to non-work interrupting work behaviors, (b) goal-oriented leadership was negatively related to non-work interrupting work behaviors, (c) personal initiative at work was positively related to work interrupting non-work behaviors and, finally, (d) cross-role interrupting behaviors were positively related to work–family conflict. Additionally, our findings revealed previously undocumented results; (a) mediating patterns in how resources relate, through cross-role interrupting behaviors, to work–family conflict and (b) non-invariant associations among job autonomy, cross-role interrupting behaviors and work–family conflict across traditional and remote workers. The limitations and theoretical and practical implications of the present study are discussed.

scholarly journals Self-Efficacy as a Moderator between Stress and Professional Burnout in Firefighters

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Makara-Studzińska ◽  
Krystyna Golonka ◽  
Bernadetta Izydorczyk
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Personal Resource ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Related Stress ◽  
Stress At Work ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
General Self Efficacy ◽  
Separate Regression

The purpose of the study is to analyze the importance of individual resources in firefighting, one of the highest risk professions. Firefighters from 12 different Polish provinces (N = 580; men; M (mean age) = 35.26 year, SD = 6.74) were analyzed regarding the perceived stress at work, burnout, self-efficacy, and a broad range of sociodemographic variables. The Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), the Link Burnout Questionnaire (LBQ), and the General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES) were used in the study. To explore the relationships between work-related stress, burnout, and self-efficacy, separate regression models for each burnout dimension were analyzed. The results revealed that self-efficacy is a significant moderator that changes the direction and strength of the relationships between perceived stress and psychophysical exhaustion, sense of professional inefficacy, and disillusion. However, self-efficacy did not moderate the relationship between stress and lack of engagement in relationships (relationship deterioration). The results indicate that self-efficacy in firefighters is a crucial personal resource that buffers the impact of perceived stress on most burnout symptoms. It may be concluded that in high risk professions, special attention should be paid to developing self-efficacy as an important part of burnout prevention programs, pro-health activities, and psychoeducation.

The role of voice efficacy in the formation of voice behaviour: A cross-level examination

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 526-543 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinyun Duan ◽  
Ho Kwong Kwan ◽  
Bin Ling
Keyword(s):  
Servant Leadership ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Psychological Safety ◽  
Full Support ◽  
Organisational Support ◽  
Perceived Organisational Support ◽  
Using Data ◽  
General Self Efficacy

AbstractWe present a voice efficacy model to account for the effects of general self-efficacy, perceived team servant leadership, and perceived organisational support on voice behaviour. In particular, we predict that general self-efficacy, perceived team servant leadership, and perceived organisational support enhance voice behaviour via voice efficacy. We also examined the extent to which perceived organisational support moderates the effect of voice efficacy on voice such that the effect is stronger when perceived organisational support is high. Using data collected from 401 employees in 91 groups and 53 organisations in China and controlling for psychological safety, we obtained full support for our hypotheses.

Self-efficacy to spur job performance

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 891-907 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dirk De Clercq ◽  
Inam Ul Haq ◽  
Muhammad Umer Azeem
Keyword(s):  
Job Performance ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Workplace Incivility ◽  
Conservation Of Resources ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Personal Resource ◽  
Organizational Functioning ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Uncivil Behaviors

Purpose With a foundation in conservation of resources theory, the purpose of this paper is to unpack the relationship between employees’ self-efficacy and job performance, investigating the mediating role of job-related anxiety and the moderating role of perceived workplace incivility. Design/methodology/approach Survey data were collected from employees and their supervisors in Pakistani organizations. Findings An important reason that employees’ self-efficacy enhances their job performance is that they experience less anxiety while undertaking their daily job tasks. This mediating role of job-related anxiety is particularly salient to the extent that employees believe that they are the victims of uncivil behaviors. Practical implications Organizations should note that the anxiety-mitigating effect of self-efficacy is particularly strong for generating adequate performance to the extent that rude and discourteous behaviors cannot be completely avoided in the workplace. Originality/value This study establishes a more complete understanding of the benefits of employees’ self-efficacy by revealing how reduced worries about their organizational functioning represent critical mechanisms that connect this personal resource to higher job performance, as well as by showing how employees’ perceptions of workplace incivility invigorate this process.

The Blame Game

2011 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 499-525 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth M. Poposki
Keyword(s):  
Family Conflict ◽  
Work Role ◽  
Family Role ◽  
Work Family Conflict ◽  
Attributions Of Responsibility ◽  
Cognitive Reactions ◽  
The Family ◽  
External Sources ◽  
Antecedents And Consequences ◽  
Work Family

Research focused on the work–family interface has explored many antecedents and consequences of work–family conflict (WFC) but has neglected to address cognitive reactions following conflict events. The purpose of this investigation is to explore one such reaction: attribution. Attributions of responsibility for conflict events are assessed with a focus on providing descriptive information about attributions and exploring correlates of attributions. Results indicate that attributions to external sources are much more frequent than internal attributions and that the work role is more frequently viewed as being responsible for conflict than the family role. In addition, results show that attributions are linked to characteristics of the conflict event, as well as anger and frustration following the conflict event.

Even Supermoms Get the Blues: Employment, Gender Attitudes, and Depression

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 316-333
Author(s):  
Katrina Leupp
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Gender Attitudes ◽  
Family Role ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Traditional Gender Roles ◽  
Childless Women ◽  
Work Family ◽  
Using Data ◽  
To Receive ◽  
The Relationship

This study examines how gender attitudes moderate the relationship between employment and depressive symptoms using data from the 1987 to 2006 waves of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 Cohort. Results indicate that at age 40, the association of employment with reduced symptoms of depression is greatest for mothers who had previously expressed support for traditional gender roles. This finding was robust to controls for prior depressive symptoms. In contrast, the association of employment and depressive symptoms at age 40 does not vary by earlier gender attitudes among childless women. Results suggest that in light of women’s disproportionate share of domestic responsibilities and limited employer supports for parents, skepticism over mothers’ ability to “do it all” may mitigate the stress of work-family role strain and allow mothers with more traditional gender attitudes to receive greater protection against depressive symptoms from employment.

scholarly journals What Happens When Employees Are Furloughed? A Resource Loss Perspective

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 381-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa E. Baranik ◽  
Janelle H. Cheung ◽  
Robert R. Sinclair ◽  
Charles E. Lance
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Federal Government ◽  
Family Conflict ◽  
Conservation Of Resources ◽  
Resource Loss ◽  
Work Family Conflict ◽  
Personal Resource ◽  
Work Family ◽  
Emotional Burnout ◽  
Government Shutdown

Furloughs refer to placing employees on a temporary leave with no pay for the period of the leave. The current study draws from conservation of resources (COR) theory to examine how furloughs affect employees’ experiences of burnout, work–family conflict, and life satisfaction. Results gathered from 212 individuals show that being furloughed during the 2013 U.S. federal government shutdown was associated with perceived personal resource loss, which was related to decreased life satisfaction and increased work–family conflict and physical, cognitive, and emotional burnout 5 weeks after the shutdown ended. The relationships between furlough status and all outcomes were fully mediated by perceived resource loss. Our findings show that furloughs can and do negatively affect employees and that these effects last long after the furlough has ended.

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