scholarly journals Contourlet transform and adaptive neuro-fuzzy strategy–based color image watermarking

2020 ◽  
Vol 53 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 287-295
Author(s):  
M Senthilkumar ◽  
PS Periasamy
Keyword(s):  
Color Image ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Image Watermarking ◽  
Color Image Watermarking ◽  
Description Language ◽  
Neuro Fuzzy ◽  
Field Programmable ◽  
Hardware Description ◽  
Assessment Metrics ◽  
Watermarking Scheme

In the today Internet era, protection of digital content during transmission is an indigent. Alphanumeric watermarking is a resolution to the copyright defense than the endorsement of information into the system. In exhibit watermarking calculation, wellbeing of such watermarking process is moderately low. For expanding the soundness, an approach is presented, which is contourlet change with neuro-fuzzy-based watermark inserting process. The conventional approaches having loss during data recovery, this situation will be resolved using proposed watermarking scheme and also increase the security of watermarked image. The proposed color image watermarking scheme binary image is embedded over the shading image which utilizes contourlet and converse contourlet calculation for preprocessing of an image and neuro-fuzzy calculation to implant the bits in the green plane of an image. After completing the watermarking process, the results are analyzing using the quality assessment metrics like Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR) and Mean Square Error (MSE) etc., It is implemented using MATLAB R2013 software. The developed MATLAB code is converted into Hardware Description Language (HDL) and then implemented for Virtex-5 L110T Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) kit.

Quantum color image watermarking based on fast bit-plane scramble and dual embedded

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (07) ◽  
pp. 1850060 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ri-Gui Zhou ◽  
Peng Liu Yang ◽  
Xing Ao Liu ◽  
Hou Ian
Keyword(s):  
Nearest Neighbor ◽  
Color Image ◽  
Interpolation Method ◽  
Image Watermarking ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Watermark Image ◽  
Color Image Watermarking ◽  
Encryption Algorithms ◽  
Bit Plane ◽  
Watermarking Scheme

Most of the studied quantum encryption algorithms are based on square images. In this paper, based on the improved novel quantum representation of color digital images model (INCQI), a quantum color image watermarking scheme is proposed. First, INCQI improved from NCQI is used to represent the carrier and watermark images with the size [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], respectively. Secondly, before embedding, the watermarking needs to be preprocessed. That is, the watermark image with the size of [Formula: see text] with 24-qubits color information is disordered by the fast bit-plane scramble algorithm, and then further expanded to an image with the size [Formula: see text] with 6-qubits pixel information by the nearest-neighbor interpolation method. Finally, the dual embedded algorithm is executed and a key image with 3-qubits information is generated for retrieving the original watermark image. The extraction process of the watermark image is the inverse process of its embedding, including inverse embedding, inverse expand and inverse scrambling operations. To show that our method has a better performance in visual quality and histogram graph, a simulation of different carrier and watermark images are conducted on the classical computer’s MATLAB.

A novel color image watermarking scheme in nonsampled contourlet-domain

2011 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 2081-2098 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pan-Pan Niu ◽  
Xiang-Yang Wang ◽  
Yi-Ping Yang ◽  
Ming-Yu Lu
Keyword(s):  
Color Image ◽  
Image Watermarking ◽  
Color Image Watermarking ◽  
Watermarking Scheme

scholarly journals Blind Color Image Watermarking Using Fan Beam Transform and QR Decomposition

Symmetry ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 486
Author(s):  
Pranab Kumar Dhar ◽  
Pulak Hazra ◽  
Tetsuya Shimamura
Keyword(s):  
Color Image ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Image Watermarking ◽  
Triangular Matrix ◽  
Structural Similarity ◽  
Qr Decomposition ◽  
Original Image ◽  
Color Image Watermarking ◽  
Multimedia Contents

Digital watermarking has been utilized effectively for copyright protection of multimedia contents. This paper suggests a blind symmetric watermarking algorithm using fan beam transform (FBT) and QR decomposition (QRD) for color images. At first, the original image is transferred from RGB to L*a*b* color model and FBT is applied to b* component. Then the b*component of the original image is split into m × m non-overlapping blocks and QRD is conducted to each block. Watermark data is placed into the selected coefficient of the upper triangular matrix using a new embedding function. Simulation results suggest that the presented algorithm is extremely robust against numerous attacks, and also yields watermarked images with high quality. Furthermore, it represents more excellent performance compared with the recent state-of-the-art algorithms for robustness and imperceptibility. The normalized correlation (NC) of the proposed algorithm varies from 0.8252 to 1, the peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) varies from 54.1854 to 54.1892, and structural similarity (SSIM) varies from 0.9285 to 0.9696, respectively. In contrast, the NC of the recent state-of-the-art algorithms varies from 0.5193 to 1, PSNR varies from 38.5471 to 52.64, and SSIM varies from 0.9311 to 0.9663, respectively.

A Color Image Watermarking Algorithm

2013 ◽  
Vol 798-799 ◽  
pp. 733-736
Author(s):  
Xiu Hu Tan
Keyword(s):  
Color Image ◽  
Image Watermarking ◽  
False Alarm Probability ◽  
Reference Image ◽  
Secret Key ◽  
Color Image Watermarking ◽  
Matrix Operation ◽  
The Public ◽  
Color Features ◽  
Watermarking Scheme

Transparency and robustness are two conflicting requirements demanded by digital image watermarking for copyright protection and many other purposes. In this paper, a robust and transparent watermarking scheme for color images is proposed. The color features for the human visual system are utilized to design the color watermarking algorithm. The basic idea is to embed the invisible watermark into the color image by brightness adjustment and feature component choice. And through analysis and constraint the conditions, we can obtain a high detection probability and security, a low false alarm probability. In the same time, because we use different matrix operation to embed (secret key) and extract (public key) a watermark, we are able to release all information for the public, except the secret key. Our method can extract the embedded watermark without reference image. The robustness of our method is demonstrated by various attacks through computer simulation.

Quantum color image watermarking based on Arnold transformation and LSB steganography

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (03) ◽  
pp. 1850021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ri-Gui Zhou ◽  
Wenwen Hu ◽  
Ping Fan ◽  
Gaofeng Luo
Keyword(s):  
Nearest Neighbor ◽  
Color Image ◽  
Interpolation Method ◽  
Image Watermarking ◽  
Image Size ◽  
Least Significant Bit ◽  
Color Image Watermarking ◽  
Preprocessing Technique ◽  
Carrier Image ◽  
Watermarking Scheme

In this paper, a quantum color image watermarking scheme is proposed through twice-scrambling of Arnold transformations and steganography of least significant bit (LSB). Both carrier image and watermark images are represented by the novel quantum representation of color digital images model (NCQI). The image sizes for carrier and watermark are assumed to be [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], respectively. At first, the watermark is scrambled into a disordered form through image preprocessing technique of exchanging the image pixel position and altering the color information based on Arnold transforms, simultaneously. Then, the scrambled watermark with [Formula: see text] image size and 24-qubit grayscale is further expanded to an image with size [Formula: see text] and 6-qubit grayscale using the nearest-neighbor interpolation method. Finally, the scrambled and expanded watermark is embedded into the carrier by steganography of LSB scheme, and a key image with [Formula: see text] size and 3-qubit information is generated at the meantime, which only can use the key image to retrieve the original watermark. The extraction of watermark is the reverse process of embedding, which is achieved by applying a sequence of operations in the reverse order. Simulation-based experimental results involving different carrier and watermark images (i.e. conventional or non-quantum) are simulated based on the classical computer’s MATLAB 2014b software, which illustrates that the present method has a good performance in terms of three items: visual quality, robustness and steganography capacity.

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