Association between posttraumatic stress and acceptance of social changes: Findings from a general population study and proposal of a new concept

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 126-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evaldas Kazlauskas ◽  
Paulina Zelviene
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
General Population ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Population Sample ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
General Population Study ◽  
The Impact

Background: There is a growing understanding of the importance of the social factors of posttraumatic stress disorder. Aims: This study expands research on association between posttraumatic stress and social factors by introducing the measure of the acceptance of social changes and evaluating possible links between posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms and acceptance of social changes. Methods: A general population sample ( n = 778) aged from 18 to 89 years ( M = 40.2) from Lithuania participated in our study, of whom 68% reported exposure to traumatic events. Posttraumatic stress reactions were measured with the Impact of Event Scale – Revised (IES-R), and acceptance of social changes was measured with the Acceptance of Social Changes Instrument (SOCHI) developed by the authors of this study. Results: About 8% of the participants had a potential posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) diagnosis. Acceptance of social changes was negatively associated with posttraumatic stress. PTSD was related to lower acceptance of social changes ( d = .61). Structural equation model (SEM) revealed the mediating role of PTSD for acceptance of social changes following trauma exposure. Conclusion: Findings of our study indicate that the acceptance of social changes might be an important psychosocial factor of PTSD.

Childbirth and Posttraumatic Stress Responses

2006 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 259-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eelco Olde ◽  
Rolf J. Kleber ◽  
Onno van der Hart ◽  
Victor J.M. Pop
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Experience ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
Self Rating ◽  
The Impact

Childbirth has been identified as a possible traumatic experience, leading to traumatic stress responses and even to the development of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The current study investigated the psychometric properties of the Dutch version of the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) in a group of women who recently gave birth (N = 435). In addition, a comparison was made between the original IES and the IES-R. The scale showed high internal consistency (α = 0.88). Using confirmatory factor analysis no support was found for a three-factor structure of an intrusion, an avoidance, and a hyperarousal factor. Goodness of fit was only reasonable, even after fitting one intrusion item on the hyperarousal scale. The IES-R correlated significantly with scores on depression and anxiety self-rating scales, as well as with scores on a self-rating scale of posttraumatic stress disorder. Although the IES-R can be used for studying posttraumatic stress reactions in women who recently gave birth, the original IES proved to be a better instrument compared to the IES-R. It is concluded that adding the hyperarousal scale to the IES-R did not make the scale stronger.

Symptoms of Acute Posttraumatic Stress Disorder After Intensive Care

2008 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 534-543 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Wallen ◽  
Wendy Chaboyer ◽  
Lukman Thalib ◽  
Debra K. Creedy
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Independent Predictor ◽  
Cutoff Score ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Impact Of Event Scale ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
The Impact

Background Admission to intensive care is often a sudden and unexpected event precipitated by a life-threatening condition, 2 determinants thought to influence the development of posttraumatic stress disorder. Objectives To identify the frequency of acute symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder and to describe factors predictive of these symptoms in patients 1 month after discharge from intensive care. Methods In this prospective cohort study, all patients meeting the inclusion criteria during the study period were invited to participate. Participants completed the Impact of Event Scale-Revised, and demographic and clinical data were accessed from an intensive care unit database. Results During a 9-month period, 114 of 137 patients who met the inclusion criteria consented to participate in the study, and 100 (88%) completed it. The mean total score on the Impact of Event Scale-Revised was 17.8 (SD, 13.4; possible range, 0–88). A total of 13 participants (13%) scored higher than the cutoff score for clinical posttraumatic stress disorder. Neither sex nor length of stay was predictive of acute symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder. In multivariate analysis, the only independent predictor of symptoms was age. Patients younger than 65 years were 5.6 times (95% confidence interval, 1.17–26.89) more likely than those 65 years and older to report symptoms. Conclusion The rate of symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder 1 month after discharge from intensive care was relatively low. Consistent with findings of previous research, being younger than 65 years was the only independent predictor of symptoms.

scholarly journals Correction to: Screening for posttraumatic stress disorder in ARDS survivors: validation of the impact of event Scale-6 (IES-6)

Critical Care ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan M. Hosey ◽  
Jeannie-Marie S. Leoutsakos ◽  
Ximin Li ◽  
Victor D. Dinglas ◽  
O. Joseph Bienvenu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Impact Of Event Scale ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder after exposure to biological material

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela da Cunha Januário ◽  
Priscila do Carmo Freitas de Carvalho ◽  
Juliano Teixeira Moraes ◽  
Mariana Alvina dos Santos ◽  
Elucir Gir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Biological Material ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Ethical Aspects ◽  
Impact Of Event Scale ◽  
Psychological Reactions ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
Inferential Analysis ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Objective: To track symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) according to scores of the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) in nursing staff exposed to accidents with biological material, from October 2014 to May 2016, in a philanthropic hospital in the state of Minas Gerais. Methods: Retrospective, descriptive study with a quantitative approach. Inferential analysis was performed using a 95% confidence interval, p ≤ 0.05. The data were collected considering all the ethical aspects described in resolution 466/2012. Results: The majority of workers were nursing technicians (52.5%), female (91.8%), with a mean age of 31.4 years (SD 7.5), the majority of exposures being percutaneous (60.7%). Of all individuals, 19.6% presented scores above 5.6, showing signs of PTSD. Individuals who had suffered accidents more than six months previously (p = 0.025) had significantly higher scores than those who had been exposure for less than three months. Conclusion: The study highlights the need for the use of validated instruments for the evaluation of fear, anxiety, stress, and other psychological reactions that characterize PTSD, as well as the provision of psychological care for workers exposed to biological material.

Essessment of criminal aggression at combatants with posttraumatic stress disorder by horowitz scale

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 778-778
Author(s):  
G. Fastovtsov ◽  
E. Sokolova
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Military Service ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Armed Conflicts ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Russian Science ◽  
Impact Of Event Scale ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
The Impact

As an observation object for this research were taken veterans of local wars with posttraumatic stress disorder. Research materials were based at analysis of representative group, contains of 478 man, who were doing their military service at the areas of local armed conflicts with clinics of posttraumatic stress disorder. The main group contains of 344 man who committed an aggressive crime and passed an examining in Serbsky National Research Center for Social and Forensic psychiatry, Moscow. For the contrast group were taken 134 man, who were under the treatment in military hospitals.To educate specialty and estimate severity of posttraumatic stress disorder was used the Impact of Event Scale-Revised, IES-R. Reliable difference were received. Clinics of this disorder includes not only intrusion, avoidance and hyperarousal, but organic mental disorders also.This scale was officially accepted in Russian science academy. Intrusion scale contains of such factors as obsessive flashbacks at the influence of stress factors and nightmares. Avoidance scale includes attempts to avoid experience, connected with stress event and reactivity reduce. Symptoms of third scale includes irritability, tension, emotion instability, difficulties of attention concentration. For patients who committed crimes the level of intrusion and hyperarousal was reliably higher. No difference was found at the avoidance. For assessment of aggression risk were created special models, based on subscale IES-R. The results of regression analysis showed the predictors of criminal aggression. The research permits to make prognosis for criminal aggression as a complicated form of posttraumatic stress disorder.

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