Vaping in the Context of Delinquency Among Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Comparison Among Alcohol and Cigarette Use

2021 ◽  
pp. 002204262110022
Author(s):  
Christian P. Maynard
Keyword(s):  
Social Learning ◽  
Learning Theory ◽  
Social Learning Theory ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Social Bonding ◽  
Cigarette Use ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Future ◽  
Monitoring The Future ◽  
Alcohol Users

Vaping has been increasing with Monitoring the Future, indicating nicotine vaping (2017–2018) having the largest single-year jump among any substance recorded in its 45-year history. Overall, research on vaping has been substantially limited, primarily in the context of vaping and delinquency. This study’s purpose is to examine how nicotine vaping compares with other common substances used by adolescents like alcohol and cigarettes within the context of delinquency. Using secondary data from Monitoring the Future: A Continuing Study of the Lifestyles and Values of Youth conducted in 2017, with a sample size of 8,467 participants, we find that ever-nicotine “vapers” were associated with less delinquency than ever-cigarette-using youth; however, these “vapers” were associated with more delinquency than ever-alcohol users. We interpret these results in the context of social bonding and social learning theory and policies to create awareness on the potential social implications of vaping.

The Utility of Social Learning Theory in Explaining Cigarette Use in a Military Setting

2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (5) ◽  
pp. 787-795
Author(s):  
Ugur Orak ◽  
Muhammed Yildiz ◽  
Ozgur Solakoglu ◽  
Ramazan Aydogdu ◽  
Cihan Aydiner
Keyword(s):  
Social Learning ◽  
Learning Theory ◽  
Social Learning Theory ◽  
Cigarette Use

Peers, Perceptions, and E-Cigarettes: A Social Learning Approach to Explaining E-Cigarette Use Among Youth

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 472-489
Author(s):  
Gregory C. Rocheleau ◽  
Anthony G. Vito ◽  
Jonathan Intravia
Keyword(s):  
Social Learning ◽  
Social Learning Theory ◽  
Risk Perceptions ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Mediation Process ◽  
Learning Approach ◽  
Cigarette Use ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Personal Risk ◽  
Monitoring The Future

This study uses social learning theory to examine whether differential associations with e-cigarette-using peers is related to personal e-cigarette use among youth, and the extent to which this relationship is explained by personal risk perceptions of e-cigarettes. Moreover, this study tests whether the mediation process is moderated by type of e-cigarette user. This study uses a sample of high school seniors from the 2016 Monitoring the Future Study ( N = 2,100), and a subsample of e-cigarette users ( n = 523). Analyses are carried out using OLS and logistic regression. Findings demonstrate that higher levels of peer e-cigarette use are related to higher odds of personal e-cigarette use, but that risk perceptions of e-cigarettes only explain a modest portion of that relationship (about 10%). Furthermore, the mediation process does not appear to vary by type of e-cigarette user. Future directions and policy implications are discussed.

scholarly journals Residents preferences associated with tax amnesty program predisposition

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 209
Author(s):  
Prasojo Prasojo ◽  
Lailatis Syarifah
Keyword(s):  
Social Learning ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Learning Theory ◽  
Social Learning Theory ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Indonesian Government ◽  
Tax Amnesty ◽  
Administrative Sanctions

<p class="IABSSS"><strong>Purpose</strong> - The purpose of this study is to determine the motivation of taxpayers to take part in tax amnesty so that it is expected to be able to evaluate the implementation of tax amnesty that has been carried out by the Indonesian government in 2016-2017 and provide empirical evidence on the implementation of the tax amnesty program to support the stick and carrot theory in the implementation of taxation in Indonesia.</p><p class="IABSSS"><strong>Method </strong>- The methodology used in this research is a case study. Interviews are used to collect data and are supported by secondary data from sites, web, and documents.</p><p class="IABSSS"><strong>Result</strong> - The results of this study indicate that the reasons for many taxpayers to join this program were because it is beneficial for the country and avoid the risk of administrative sanctions (fines and interest) as well as audits. The reason for taxpayers who did not participate in this program was because they did not have other assets that had not been reported in the tax return.</p><p class="IABSSS"><strong>Implication</strong> - The implication of this study is to determine the motivation of taxpayers to take part in tax amnesty so that it is expected to be able to evaluate the implementation of tax amnesty. At the same time, that has been carried out by the Indonesian government in 2016-2017 and provides empirical evidence on the implementation of the tax amnesty program to reason action and social learning theory in the implementation of taxation in Indonesia.</p><p><strong>Originality</strong> - This study explores information from regulators (tax officials) and taxpayers, both those who do and who do not participate in tax amnesty, which is rarely done by other researchers.</p>

The Relevance of the Dual Systems Model for Social Learning Theory: Testing for Moderation Effects

2021 ◽  
pp. 009385482110179
Author(s):  
Thomas Wojciechowski
Keyword(s):  
Social Learning ◽  
Learning Theory ◽  
Social Learning Theory ◽  
Impulse Control ◽  
Sensation Seeking ◽  
Dual Systems ◽  
Moderation Effect ◽  
Systems Model ◽  
Peer Association ◽  
The Relationship

Social learning theory is one of the most prominent criminological theories of the 20th century. The dual systems model represents an emerging framework in recent years, which may help to better understand how social learning processes are influenced by sensation-seeking and impulse control. This study utilized data from all waves of the Pathways to Desistance study. A series of mixed-effects models were utilized to test for moderating effects of these constructs on offending outcomes. Impulse control moderated the relationship between deviant peer association and offending frequency, indicating that high levels of both constructs predicted increased offending frequency. Sensation-seeking moderated the relationship between deviant peer association and odds of offending, indicating that high levels of both constructs were associated with greater odds of offending although this moderation effect was only marginally significant.

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