Outcomes of Methadone Maintenance 1 Year after Admission

1997 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
James F. Maddux ◽  
David P. Desmond
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Methadone Maintenance ◽  
Intravenous Drug ◽  
Intravenous Drug Use ◽  
Needle Sharing ◽  
Productive Activity ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Opioid Users ◽  
Illicit Opioid Use

The authors followed a cohort of 610 opioid users for 1 year after admission to methadone maintenance. At the end of the year, 52% were on methadone and 48% were off methadone. Among subjects on methadone, days of intravenous drug use, crime, and needle-sharing decreased markedly from the month preceding admission to the month preceding the first anniversary of admission. Among subjects off methadone, days of these activities also decreased, but the decreases appeared in large part to be an effect of increased days of incarceration. Among those on methadone, days of productive activity increased markedly. Subjects with more years of intravenous drug use were more likely to be on methadone at the end of the year, and subjects under compulsory supervision were less likely to be on methadone. The findings confirm previous reports of decreased illicit opioid use, decreased crime, and decreased needle risk for infection with the human immunodeficiency virus among opioid users who remain on methadone.

Intravenous drug use and the heterosexual transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus

1989 ◽  
pp. 59-62
Author(s):  
Don C. Des Jarlais ◽  
Eric Wish ◽  
Samuel R. Friedman ◽  
Rand Stoneburner ◽  
Stanley R. Yancovitz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Intravenous Drug ◽  
Heterosexual Transmission ◽  
Intravenous Drug Use ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus

Psychological stress and depression in older patients with intravenous drug use and human immunodeficiency virus infection: implications for intervention

1997 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 251-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Singh ◽  
Cheryl Squier ◽  
Carla Sivek ◽  
Marilyn M Wagener ◽  
Victor L Yu
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Psychological Stress ◽  
Older Patients ◽  
Independent Predictor ◽  
Intravenous Drug ◽  
Intravenous Drug Use ◽  
Younger Patients ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus

We aim to assess the age-related differences in psychological stress and depression in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Prospective, longitudinal, observational study of patients with HIV followed at a university affiliated VA Medical Center. Fifty-six consecutive patients with HIV infection aged 19-68 were studied. Data on demographics, living arrangements, education, employment, income, social, religious, and community support, medical status, psychological stress, depression, and coping was assessed at baseline and every 6 months. Instruments for psychological testing included Beck Depression Inventory, Profile Mood Status (POMS) scale and ways of coping scale (inventory of coping with illness scale). Sixty-nine per cent (38/56) of the patients were older than 35 years of age. Older patients exhibited significantly greater emotional and psychological stress; the mean POMS score for older patients was 56.8 as compared to 21.5 for younger patients (P=0.004). Older patients had significantly greater depression (P=0.001), higher tension and anxiety (P=0.005), greater anger and hostility (P=0.03), greater confusion and bewilderment (P=0.01), and more fatigue (P=0.003) as compared with younger patients. Older patients were significantly more likely to have intravenous drug use as an HIV risk factor (P=0.02), less likely to be employed (P=0.005), and more likely to use non-traditional therapies (P=0). Intravenous drug use was an independent predictor of psychological stress in older patients. Patients with HIV, older than 35 years of age, are significantly more likely to suffer from depression and psychological stress; intravenous drug use was an independent predictor of stress. Interventions for the treatment of depression should be especially sought in this subgroup of patients with HIV.

A Prospective Study of Infants of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Seropositive and Seronegative Women with a History of Intravenous Drug Use or of Intravenous Drug-Using Sex Partners, in the Bronx, New York City

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 88 (6) ◽  
pp. 1248-1256
Author(s):  
Marguerite M. Mayers ◽  
Katherine Davenny ◽  
Ellie E. Schoenbaum ◽  
Anat R. Feingold ◽  
Peter A. Selwyn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Intravenous Drug ◽  
Intravenous Drug Use ◽  
Sex Partners ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
History Of ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
A Prospective Study

A prospective study was conducted in the Bronx, New York, of 70 infants of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected (n = 33) and uninfected (n = 37) mothers who had a history of intravenous drug use or of intravenous drug-using sex partners. Infants were observed from birth to a median age of 23 months (range 3 to 54 months). HIV infection was confirmed in seven infants (21%) of seropositive mothers; six developed HIV disease, with symptoms observed in the first year. Of these, three died (3, 9, and 36 months) of HIV-related causes; 3 of 4 survivors were >25 months of age. HIV symptoms preceded or were concurrent with abnormalities in T-lymphocyte subsets; postneonatal polymerase chain reaction confirmed HIV infection in five infants with symptoms and one without symptoms. Among infants of seropositive mothers, seven without laboratory evidence of HIV (including polymerase chain reaction) had findings suggestive of HIV infection, including persistent generalized lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, oral candidiasis, parotitis, and inverted T-lymphocyte ratios. These findings were not observed in infants of seronegative mothers. Although the presence of HIV proviral sequences was associated with HIV disease, the observation of indeterminate symptoms in at-risk infants indicates the importance of long-term clinical follow-up to exclude HIV infection. Disease manifestations in comparable infants of seronegative mothers are important for assessment of the impact of maternal drug use, development of specific clinical criteria for early diagnosis of HIV and eligibility for antiretroviral therapy.

scholarly journals Infective Endocarditis as a Complication of Intravenous Drug Use in Pregnancy: A Retrospective Case Series and Literature Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (03) ◽  
pp. e288-e293
Author(s):  
Adebayo Adesomo ◽  
Veronica Gonzalez-Brown ◽  
Kara M. Rood
Keyword(s):  
Infective Endocarditis ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Opioid Use Disorder ◽  
Intravenous Drug ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Intravenous Drug Use ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
Opioid Agonist ◽  
Psychosocial Conditions ◽  
In Pregnancy

Abstract Objective An increase in opioid use disorder and subsequent intravenous drug use has led to an increase in sequalae that may complicate pregnancy, such as infective endocarditis. Infective endocarditis has the potential for significant maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. We sought to examine the management considerations and clinical implications of intravenous drug use-related infective endocarditis in pregnancy from our center's experience. Study Design Retrospective study of management of pregnancies complicated by infective endocarditis as a result of active intravenous drug use at an academic tertiary care hospital from January 2012 through December 2019. Results Twelve women with active intravenous drug use histories were identified as having clinical and echocardiographic features consistent with infective endocarditis. Six women were discharged against medical advice and did not complete the full course of recommended antibiotic regimen. Eight women were started or continued on opioid agonist therapy during their hospitalization. Four neonates required neonatal intensive care unit admission for pharmacologic treatment for neonatal abstinence syndrome. Conclusion Management of intravenous drug use-associated infective endocarditis in pregnancy involves more than treating the acute condition. In pregnant women with opioid use disorder and infective endocarditis, addiction and chronic psychosocial conditions need to be addressed to optimize care.

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