A Psychosocial Test of the Maturity Gap Thesis

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 815-842 ◽  
Author(s):  
Turgut Ozkan ◽  
John L. Worrall
Keyword(s):  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Personal Autonomy ◽  
Pubertal Development ◽  
Add Health ◽  
Health Data ◽  
Psychosocial Maturity ◽  
Social Maturity ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Deviant Behaviors ◽  
Males And Females

Previous tests of the maturity gap thesis incorporated one-dimensional autonomy-based measures of social maturity. We present the first test of the maturity gap thesis to incorporate psychosocial measures (i.e., temperance, responsibility, and perspective). Four delinquency and substance abuse variables from Wave 2 of the Add Health data were regressed on the following variables developed from Wave 1: relative pubertal development, relative psychosocial maturity, personal autonomy, and interactions among each ( n = 4,530 participants younger than 18 and 294 older than 18). Personal autonomy lost significance when psychosocial maturity, personal autonomy, and pubertal development were included in the same model. However, psychosocial maturity did not clearly interact with either personal autonomy or pubertal development. Psychosocial maturity was associated with deviant behaviors for both males and females, above and below age 18.

Morphometric variability in round goby Neogobius melanostomus (Perciformes: Gobiidae) from the Sea of Azov

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 392-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
O.A. Diripasko ◽  
T.A. Zabroda
Keyword(s):  
Round Goby ◽  
Joint Effect ◽  
Neogobius Melanostomus ◽  
Sea Of Azov ◽  
Morphometric Characters ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
The Sea Of Azov ◽  
Size Dependent ◽  
Size Variability ◽  
Males And Females

A total of 38 morphometric characters of the round goby Neogobius melanostomus melanostomus (Pallas, 1814) were studied in its native range in the Sea of Azov. The aim was to assess joint effect of sexual dimorphism and size variability on overall variability within groups of samples (populations) using appropriate methods of traditional statistical analysis (one-dimensional and multivariate statistics). Sex and size-dependent variability was studied based on model samples of males and females of different size. Most of the studied morphometric characters of round goby from the Sea of Azov demonstrated statistically significant sex- and size-dependent in-group variability. The pattern of the variability suggests that, for a comparison of round goby from different sea regions and between populations, separate samples of males and females within the range 9–13 cm SL should be examined in order to minimise the effect of the size and sex factors. The approach of searching for the most informative size range could be useful not only for further studies of infraspecific variation but for comparisons between morphologically close gobiin species.

Domestic Violence and the Victim/Offender Overlap Across the Life Course

2017 ◽  
Vol 62 (9) ◽  
pp. 2801-2816 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amaia Iratzoqui
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Life Course ◽  
Childhood Abuse ◽  
Add Health ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Health Data ◽  
Criminal Justice Policy ◽  
Violence Perpetration ◽  
Current Article ◽  
The Life Course

The current article examined the overlap of domestic violence across the life course, connecting childhood abuse and adolescent dating victimization to adult intimate partner victimization, and the connection between these behaviors and adult domestic violence perpetration against partners and children. Using three waves of Add Health data, the study found that childhood and adolescent domestic victimization were directly and indirectly linked to adult intimate partner victimization and that domestic violence perpetration also played a role. These findings indicate that offending must be accounted for in tracking patterns of victimization over the life course and that the overlap must more directly be reconciled in current criminal justice policy.

scholarly journals Maternal Influences on Asian American—Pacific Islander Adolescents’ Perceived Maternal Sexual Expectations and Their Sexual Initiation

2009 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 381-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsui-Sui Annie Kao ◽  
Carol Loveland-Cherry ◽  
Barbara Guthrie
Keyword(s):  
Asian American ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Pacific Islander ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Add Health ◽  
Health Data ◽  
Sexual Initiation ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Maternal Influences

Maternal influences on adolescents’ sexual initiation have been examined over two time points in 433 Asian American—Pacific Islander (AAPI) adolescents in a secondary analysis of the Add Health data set using structural equation modeling. A longitudinal model built on a preliminary qualitative study is used to examine the fit between data and model. Maternal perceived connectedness and adolescents’ perceived maternal sexual expectations in sexual timing are found to be protective for delaying AAPI adolescents’ sexual initiation. Unexpectedly, mothers’ perceptions of sexual discussion are not protective for delaying adolescents’ sexual initiation. The results suggest interventions should focus on promoting AAPI mothers’ perceptions of connectedness with their adolescents and adolescents’ perceptions of their mothers’ sexual expectations (as measured by adolescents’ perceived maternal disapproval attitudes and affects) in delaying sexual initiation.

scholarly journals Kisspeptin cell-specific PI3K signaling regulates hypothalamic kisspeptin expression and participates in the regulation of female fertility

2014 ◽  
Vol 307 (11) ◽  
pp. E969-E982 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Beymer ◽  
Ariel L. Negrón ◽  
Guiqin Yu ◽  
Samuel Wu ◽  
Christian Mayer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intracellular Signaling ◽  
Pubertal Development ◽  
Cell Number ◽  
Pi3k Signaling ◽  
Catalytic Subunits ◽  
Gnrh Release ◽  
Estrous Cyclicity ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Specific Deletion

Hypothalamic kisspeptin neurons integrate and translate cues from the internal and external environments that regulate gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) secretion and maintain fertility in mammals. However, the intracellular signaling pathways utilized to translate such information into changes in kisspeptin expression, release, and ultimately activation of the kisspeptin-receptive GnRH network have not yet been identified. PI3K is an important signaling node common to many peripheral factors known to regulate kisspeptin expression and GnRH release. We investigated whether PI3K signaling regulates hypothalamic kisspeptin expression, pubertal development, and adult fertility in mice. We generated mice with a kisspeptin cell-specific deletion of the PI3K catalytic subunits p110α and p110β (kiss-p110α/β-KO). Using in situ hybridization, we examined Kiss1 mRNA expression in gonad-intact, gonadectomized (Gdx), and Gdx + steroid-replaced mice. Kiss1 cell number in the anteroventral periventricular hypothalamus (AVPV) was significantly reduced in intact females but not in males. In contrast, compared with WT and regardless of steroid hormone status, Kiss1 cell number was lower in the arcuate (ARC) of kiss-p110α/β-KO males, but it was unaffected in females. Both intact Kiss-p110α/β-KO males and females had reduced ARC kisspeptin-immunoreactive (IR) fibers compared with WT animals. Adult kiss-p110α/β-KO males had significantly lower circulating luteinizing hormone (LH) levels, whereas pubertal development and fertility were unaffected in males. Kiss-p110α/β-KO females exhibited a reduction in fertility despite normal pubertal development, LH levels, and estrous cyclicity. Our data show that PI3K signaling is important for the regulation of hypothalamic kisspeptin expression and contributes to normal fertility in females.

scholarly journals Implementing quantile selection models in Stata

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 952-971
Author(s):  
Ercio Muñoz ◽  
Mariel Siravegna
Keyword(s):  
Sample Selection ◽  
Quantile Regressions ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Base Reference ◽  
Frank Copula ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Selection Correction ◽  
Reference Manual

In this article, we describe qregsel, a community-contributed command that implements a copula-based sample-selection correction for quantile regression recently proposed by Arellano and Bonhomme (2017, Econometrica 85: 1–28). The command allows the user to model selection in quantile regressions by using either a Gaussian or a one-dimensional Frank copula. We illustrate the use of qregsel with two examples. First, we apply the method to the fictional dataset used in the Stata Base Reference Manual for the heckman command. Second, we replicate part of the empirical application of the original article using data for the United Kingdom that cover the period 1978–2000 to compare wages of males and females at different quantiles.

Relationships Between Workplace Deviance Interacted With Gender and Marital Status: The Correspondence Analysis Approach

2018 ◽  
Vol 122 (4) ◽  
pp. 1494-1515 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lily Chernyak-Hai ◽  
Se-Kang Kim ◽  
Aharon Tziner
Keyword(s):  
Marital Status ◽  
Correspondence Analysis ◽  
Workplace Deviance ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Deviant Behaviors ◽  
Psychological Stressors ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Societal Expectations

This exploratory study employed correspondence analysis to examine how employees’ gender and marital status might affect levels of interpersonal and organizational deviant workplace behaviors in the workplace. The subjects were 122 employees from a large electricity supplier company in Israel. Four levels of deviant behaviors relating to interpersonal and organizational deviance behaviors were generated according to their “typicality” as follows: (1) “untypical” (z-score less than −1.00), (2) “somewhat untypical” (−1.00–0), (3) “somewhat typical” (0–1.00), and (4) “typical” (larger than 1.00). We assessed the marital status categories by gender: unmarried males and females, divorced males and females, and males and females who were married. Results indicated that married men and divorced women exhibited mostly typical types of deviance. Both married and divorced men reported untypical deviance for both types of deviant behaviors. Married women only reported somewhat untypical deviance for both types of deviant behaviors. Accordingly, we suggest that psychological stressors, as well as cultural and societal expectations, may account for the obtained differences. Yet, future research is needed to shed light on underlying mechanisms.

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