The effect of high school entrance exam reform on adolescents’ depressive symptoms in Taiwan: A closer look at gender differences

2021 ◽  
pp. 014303432110108
Author(s):  
Fung-Mey Huang ◽  
Hsun-Yu Chan ◽  
Hung-Lin Tao
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
School Students ◽  
High Stakes ◽  
Entrance Exam ◽  
Before And After ◽  
School Entrance ◽  
Lagged Dependent Variable

In the current study, we followed motivational theories and investigated whether granting junior high school students one more opportunity to take the high-stakes high school entrance exam alleviates students’ depressive symptoms, and whether the effect is comparable for adolescent boys and girls residing in Taiwan. We analyzed two longitudinal datasets (seventh to tenth grade) from two neighboring cohorts, in which one cohort could take the exam just once (i.e., the pre-reform cohort) and the other twice (i.e., the post-reform cohort). Using a lagged-dependent-variable difference-in-differences model to compare the level of depressive symptoms before and after the entrance exam for the two cohorts, the results revealed that the reform was associated with increases in the level of depressive symptoms for both boys and girls. Despite a higher level of depressive symptoms overall, adolescent girls in the post-reform cohort showed a slower increase in the level of depressive symptoms than boys.

scholarly journals Changes in Japanese Junior High School Students' Sense of Coherence Before and After the Onset of the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Longitudinal Study of Children and Mothers

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomoko Omiya ◽  
Naoko Deguchi ◽  
Yumiko Sakata ◽  
Yuriko Takata ◽  
Yoshihiko Yamazaki
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Sense Of Coherence ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
Sense Of Belonging ◽  
Junior High School Students ◽  
School Students ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Group 2

We conducted a longitudinal study to clarify the changes in the sense of coherence (SOC); that is, the ability to cope with stress successfully, of 166 Japanese junior high school students and their mothers before and after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. First, we analyzed changes in SOC at three time points for all students and divided them into two groups: Group 1 included students with SOC scores that increased or maintained before and after the onset of the pandemic and Group 2 included students with decreased SOC scores after the onset of the pandemic. Second, we conducted a comparative analysis between the two groups. Overall, results indicated that student's SOC scores increased. Additionally, interpersonal stress scores were lower after the onset of the pandemic than before. There were almost no differences in family relationships, financial conditions, or personality tendencies between the two groups. However, Group 2 did not regain their sense of belonging to school. In this group, the frequency of stress experiences in club activities after the onset of the pandemic, troubles with the opposite gender, and inability to catch up with the contents of the subject lecture were high. The accumulation of small stressors may have hindered the maintenance of a sense of school affiliation. Mothers of students in Group 2 either were full-time employees at baseline or had started a new job after the onset of the pandemic. Their children may have been affected by the household's damaged financial budget and changes in mother's working styles. As COVID-19 reduced the number of days students went to school, students' SOC could have reduced had they not felt a sense of presence or belonging due to the lack of participation in club activities, school events, etc. Teachers and mothers should communicate carefully with their students and children, respectively, to develop a sense of belonging.

scholarly journals Increasing knowledge and community attitude in doing Swamedication through extension

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 182-186
Author(s):  
Wiryanto Wiryanto ◽  
Julia Reveny ◽  
Juanita Tanuwijaya ◽  
Edy Suwarso ◽  
Surjanto Surjanto
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
Pharmaceutical Preparations ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
School Students ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Knowledge And Attitudes ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Increasing Knowledge

Based on various field studies it is known that many members of the community still lack sufficient knowledge and attitudes to carry out swamedications. Self-medication or self-medication is defined as the use of drugs without professional supervision, to treat health problems with symptoms that are self-identified, recurrent illnesses or minor health problems. Community service is aimed at increasing public knowledge and attitudes about self -ication through counseling. Counseling is addressed to administrators, employees, teachers, and students of the Al Razi Sinar Harapan Education Foundation, having its address at Jl. Eka Rasmi, Melinjo I No. 19 Medan. The counseling activities involved 50 participants, starting with the provision of knowledge materials and attitudes about self-medication, demonstration of various markings on pharmaceutical preparations, introduction of pharmacist figures as community guides in various drug-related problems and their proper use, closed with a question and answer session with prizes. To find out the benefits of counseling in increasing knowledge and attitudes about self-medication, before and after counseling, participants were asked to fill out a questionnaire. Based on the evaluation of filling out the questionnaire before and after counseling, it is known that in general there was an increase in the average points (criteria) of knowledge and attitudes from the previous 44.71 and 41.76 (less) to 56.47 and 52.94 (enough). In more detail, the increase in the mean points (criteria) of knowledge and attitudes of the foundation management group and teachers increased from points 57.14 and 40 (less) to 77.14 (good) and 62.86 (sufficient). From the group of high school students increased from 31.11 and 42.22 points (less) to 60.00 and 64.44 (enough). And from the group of junior high school students increased from 44.71 and 41.76 points (less) to 56.47 and 52.94 (enough). From the results of the evaluation it can be concluded that the extension activities are proven to be able to increase the knowledge and attitudes of the community in conducting self-authentication.

scholarly journals PENERAPAN KONSELING KELOMPOK TERHADAP PENURUNAN PERILAKU AGRESIF SISWA SEKOLAH MENENGAH PERTAMA

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 295-302
Author(s):  
Fifqi Alrais Siswanto ◽  
Suroso ◽  
Sahat Saragih
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Aggressive Behavior ◽  
Group Dynamics ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
Group Counseling ◽  
Control Group ◽  
School Students ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Counseling Interventions

Adolescence is a time when someone has negative behavior, a difficult phase for children and parents. Emotional imbalance and instability in many ways manifest itself at this time. Emotional inconsistency in adolescents causes adolescents to act responsively such as aggressive, rebellious, stubborn, annoying behavior, which results in social problems in interacting with those around them. The aggressive behavior of students in schools has become a universal problem, and is likely to increase recently. The purpose of this study was to see the application of group counseling to decrease the aggressive behavior of high school students. Another objective of the study is to examine the differences in the application of group counseling before and after treatment. Purposive sampling and aggressive scales were used in this experiment, to obtain 20 samples consisting of 10 students in the control group and 10 students in the experimental group at SMP Negeri 13 Surabaya who were recorded as having committed aggression at school. The rule used is a quantitative approach to analyzing data. The results of the field survey showed that students often protested and disrespected teachers, cursed, cursed, made chaos, made noise, said indecent words, and lied. By utilizing group dynamics, the authors provide group counseling interventions to reduce students' aggressive behavior. From the results of the study, it is proven that group counseling has an effect on decreasing aggressive behavior of junior high school students.

scholarly journals Volleyball Smash Learning Model for Middle School Students

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 238-244
Author(s):  
Weni Wiliya Budiarti ◽  
Achmad Sofyan Hanif ◽  
Samsudin Samsudin
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
Junior High ◽  
Learning Model ◽  
Junior High School Students ◽  
P Value ◽  
School Students ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Difference

This research was conducted to produce a volleyball smash learning model and test its effectiveness for junior high school children. The development method adopts the development steps of Borg and Gall. Small group trials involve 15 athletes and 60 for large group trials. The development of the model begins with small trials, large trials and effectiveness tests. The effectiveness test used pre-post test with the instrument of the volleyball smash skills of junior high school students. The exercise model that was applied was tested for the significance of the difference and it was obtained that the t-test = 31,614, db = 32 and p-value = 0.00 <0.05, meaning that there were significant differences in the ability of students before and after they were given the volleyball smash learning model. It was concluded that existing moddel could be developed and applied in volleyball smash learning and effectively improved volleyball smash learning outcomes for junior high school students.

scholarly journals MENGEMBANGKAN DISPOSISI MATEMATIS SISWA SMP MELALUI PENDEKATAN PROBLEM POSING

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Cut Man Farisyah
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
Junior High ◽  
Mathematics Learning ◽  
Junior High School Students ◽  
Problem Posing ◽  
School Students ◽  
Learning Mathematics ◽  
Before And After

Learning mathematics is not only aimed at developing mathematical cognitive abilities, but also for developing affective domains. One important aspect in the affective domain that is very influential and determines success in learning mathematics is the positive view of students on mathematics or in mathematics learning called mathematical disposition. A student who has a high disposition will be more persistent and resilient in facing mathematical problems that are more challenging and will be more responsible for their own learning and always develop good habits in mathematics. The problem posing approach which in the learning process requires students to ask questions and make their solutions is expected to be able to change students 'views of mathematics to be more positive, while also improving students' mathematical abilities. This study aims to examine the differences in the levels of mathematical disposition of junior high school students before and after learning through the problem posing approach. The type of research is experimental research with the design of one group pre-test post-test design. The population in this study were all VII grade students of Bandar Baru 1 Junior High School, with research samples of class VII2 students selected through random sampling techniques. The instrument used to obtain the research data was a mathematical disposition scale questionnaire sheet. The statistical test used to analyze data on differences in mathematical disposition of junior high school students before and after learning through the problem posing approach is paired t-test. The results showed that there were significant differences in the level of mathematical disposition of junior high school students before and after learning through the problem posing approach. This means that students' mathematical dispositions get better after they get a problem posing learning approach. Keywords: Mathematical Disposition, Problem Posing Approach

scholarly journals The Effectiveness of Digital Science Scrapbook on Students’ Science Visual Literacy

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-126
Author(s):  
I. U. Wusqo ◽  
M. Khusniati ◽  
S. D. Pamelasari ◽  
A. Laksono ◽  
D. Wulandari
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
Digital Literacy ◽  
Visual Literacy ◽  
Junior High ◽  
Junior High School Students ◽  
School Students ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Quasi Experimental

This study aims to examine the effects of digital science scrapbook on students’ science visual literacy. Digital science scrapbook was designed to teach junior high school students, and the instrument was designed to measure the level of visual literacy before and after the treatment. This study employed a quasi-experimental one-group pretest-posttest design. The population was junior high school students. The convenience sampling method was chosen to carry out the pilot study on 25 students in SMP 9 Salatiga. The visual literacy course was based on the ACRL Visual Literacy Competency Standards. The differences in visual literacy levels were measured through 30 items of the visual literacy test. After conducting paired sample t-test on the data, differences between pretest and posttest were found. From the findings, significant differences in pretest and posttest scores were found. It can be concluded that digital science scrapbook is effective to train digital literacy in science. The novelty of this research is the use of digital science scrapbook on students’ science visual literacy.

scholarly journals Comparison of pulmonary function test results before and after exercise in junior high school students

2010 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 176
Author(s):  
Hendy Zulkarnain ◽  
Munar Lubis ◽  
Gabriel P. ◽  
Ridwan M. D. ◽  
Helmi M. Lubis
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
Pulmonary Function Test ◽  
Junior High ◽  
Junior High School Students ◽  
School Students ◽  
Function Test ◽  
Before And After

Background During exercise, bronchoconstriction occurs due to heat loss from mucosal respiratory ract. Exercise test can be performed to evaluate hyper-reactivity of the bronchus. The examination of pulmonary function is beneficial to confinn the diagnosis, to determine precipitating factors, and to evaluate disease severity and therapeutic response.Objective To compare pulmonary function test values before and after exercise in junior high school students aged 13 to 15 years.Methods Experimental study of 60 junior high school students from Bilah Hulu was performed using spirometry to evaluate pulmonary function before and after eight minutes of exercise. Results Functional vital capacity (FVC) values before and after eight􀁅minute exercise were 2.20 (SD 0.52) and 2.18 (SD 0.42), respectively. There was no significant difference between FVC values before and after exercise (P>0.05). The mean forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV 1) values before and aftereight minutes of exercise were 2.21 (SD 0.42) and 2.13 (SD 0.50) respectively. There was no significant difference between FEV 1 before and after the exercise (P>0.05).Conclusion Eight􀁅minute exercise does not influence the pulmonary function test results in healthy children.

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