scholarly journals Impact of oil price volatility on state-level consumption of the United States: The role of oil dependence

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 962-974 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reneé van Eyden ◽  
Rangan Gupta ◽  
Xin Sheng ◽  
Mark E Wohar
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Price Volatility ◽  
State Level ◽  
The United States ◽  
The State ◽  
Oil Price ◽  
Oil Price Volatility ◽  
Short Run ◽  
The Impact

In this study, we analyse the impact of oil price uncertainty (as measured by an observable measure of oil price volatility, i.e. realised volatility) on United States state-level real consumption by accounting for oil dependency. We account for both the long- and short-run dynamics of the state-level consumption function using the panel Pooled Mean Group estimator. The analysis makes use of a novel dataset including housing and stock market wealth at the state level covering the quarterly period 1975:Q1 to 2012:Q2, supplemented with an annual dataset up to 2018. We simultaneously estimate the long-run relationship and short-run impact of oil price volatility at the state-level conditional upon their oil dependency. We find that the negative impact of volatility is most severe for the states of Wyoming, Alaska and New Mexico, while the negative impact is least for Illinois, New York and Nebraska. States with lower per capita income and consumption expenditure, notably in the Southeast and Southwest region of the country are exposed to be more vulnerable to the negative impact of adverse developments and uncertainty in the oil market, as they may have less access to a stock of wealth and other means as recourse. Heterogenous responses, therefore, necessitate additional state-level response besides the national response to oil uncertainty.

The Impact of Crude Oil Price Volatility on Agricultural Employment in the United States

1996 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noel D. Uri
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Price Volatility ◽  
The United States ◽  
Oil Price ◽  
Crude Oil Price ◽  
Oil Price Volatility ◽  
Agricultural Employment ◽  
Cointegration Tests ◽  
The Impact

This study addresses the question of whether fluctuations in the price of crude oil have affected agricultural employment in the United States. After reviewing previous assessments of the issue, the existence of an empirical relationship between agricultural employment and crude oil price volatility is established using cointegration tests. Subsequently, the nature of the relationship is estimated with the results suggesting that at least three full years are required before the measurable impacts of a percentage change in the real price of crude oil on the change in agricultural employment are exhausted. Finally, the structural stability of the functional relationship between the change in agricultural employment and the volatility of the price of crude oil, the percentage changes in expected net farm income, realized technological innovation, and the wage rate is examined.

Abstract P062: The Impact of High Fasting Plasma Glucose on Cardiovascular Health at the State-level in the United States

Circulation ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 137 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kanyin Ong ◽  
Ashkan Afshin
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Death Rate ◽  
State Level ◽  
The United States ◽  
The State ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Mean ◽  
High Fasting Plasma Glucose ◽  
The Impact

Introduction: High fasting plasma glucose (FPG) is an established risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, the impact of FPG on CVD mortality and morbidity at the state-level in the US has not been systematically evaluated. Objective: To quantify the number of CVD deaths and disability adjusted life years (DALYs) attributable to high FPG by age, sex, year and state among US adults from 1990 to 2016. Methods: We used a spatio-temporal Gaussian process regression (ST-GPR) to estimate the mean FPG level by age, sex, year and state. The inputs to the ST-GPR model included data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, state-specific prevalence of obesity, and per-capita lag-distributed income in each state. Using the mean FPG and prevalence of diabetes in each state, we characterized the distribution of the FPG at the state-level. Then, we used the Global Burden of Disease study comparative risk assessment framework to estimate the CVD deaths and DALYs attributable to high FPG. Results: In 2016, there were 180,440 CVD deaths attributable to high FPG in the United States: 77% due to ischemic stroke, 21% due to cerebrovascular disease, and <1% due to peripheral artery disease. Alaska had the lowest attributable death rate for both males and females (66.9 per 100,000 and 55.4 per 100,000, respectively) and West Virginia had the highest attributable death rate for both males and females (227.3 per 100,000 and 186.4 per 100,000, respectively). This is contrasted to DALYS, where Colorado had the lowest attributable DALYS rate for both males and females (1,732 DALYS per 100,000 1,379 DALYS per 100,000, respectively) and West Virginia had the highest attributable DALY rate for both males and females (5,219 DALYS per 100,000 and 3,965 DALYS per 100,000, respectively). (Figure) Conclusions: Our results highlight the need for evidence-based intervention to control FPG to effectively prevent CVD.

scholarly journals The Effects of Oil Price Volatility on the Economic Sectors of Libya

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Nagmi M. Moftah Aimer
Keyword(s):  
Policy Development ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Price Volatility ◽  
Oil Prices ◽  
Oil Price ◽  
Annual Data ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Oil Price Volatility ◽  
The Impact

<p>Fluctuations in oil price and its impact on economic development is an important issue facing a growing number of world economies. A simple changes in oil prices lead to negative or positive effects on all the economic sectors. This paper seeks to investigate the impact of oil price volatility on economic sectors in the Libyan economy context on the basis of annual data spanning from 1968-2012. The Johansen based Co-integration technique is applied to examine the sensitivity of economic sectors to volatility in oil prices in the long-run. And the short-run relationship is tested by Vector Error Correction Model. Through examining the results, that there is a long-term relationship of oil prices on the agriculture, construction, manufacturing and transport sectors. Finally, this study concludes that increases in oil price did not significantly affect the manufacturing sector in aggregate terms. Moreover, the negative impact on the sector of manufacturing and agriculture. Thus, this study has a significant impact in the Libyan economy in policy development on oil prices. The Libyan government needs to control the price to make sure that price volatility will not harm the manufacturing, agriculture, construction and transport sectors.</p>

scholarly journals Global Oil Price and Innovation for Sustainability: The Impact of R&D Spending, Oil Price and Oil Price Volatility on GHG Emissions

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 1757
Author(s):  
Elyas Abdulahi Mohamued ◽  
Masood Ahmed ◽  
Paula Pypłacz ◽  
Katarzyna Liczmańska-Kopcewicz ◽  
Muhammad Asif Khan
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Generalized Method Of Moments ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Empirical Finding ◽  
Price Volatility ◽  
The United States ◽  
Oil Price ◽  
Ghg Emission ◽  
Oil Price Volatility ◽  
The Impact

Recently, sustainable economic growth has taken the front line of the global development agenda. The common dependency on fossil fuel energy, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and the continuous rising demands for energy have posed challenges that put the world in a climate change trap. This work empirically analyzes the effect of innovation, oil price, oil price volatility and economic growth on GHG emissions over the period of 1991–2015. The study compares the emission level between European Union countries (EU) (26), oil-producing countries (22), China and the United States of America (USA) using the Driscoll–Kraay model. The main empirical finding points to a positive effect of innovation on GHG emission reduction initiatives in oil-importing economies. Particularly, EU countries significantly minimized emissions due to innovation, followed by China and the USA. Contrarily, the effect of innovation increases GHG emission in oil-exporting economies. The results also indicate broader significant effects of oil price and oil price volatility on GHG emission. Interestingly, the effect of oil price on GHG emission is asymmetrical between oil-exporting and -importing economies. Oil price increases in oil-importing countries decrease GHG emission; contrarily, its effect increases emissions in oil-exporting countries. Thus, oil-exporting countries lack motivation to decrease emission levels due to oil price escalation. Unlike the oil price, oil price volatility comparably decreases GHG emissions in oil-exporting and -importing economies. Thus, one might be tempted to take oil price volatility and the future uncertainty of oil price as a virtuous instance rather than oil price increment. Thus, policymakers need to pay attention to market forces and policy measures to monitor GHG emissions due to economic activities. The results are also robust under the alternative econometrics estimation model of generalized method of moments (GMM)-Differenced.

The Impact of Monetary and Fiscal Policies on the Stock Market in the United States (U.S); Evidence from Linear ARDL Framework

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 132-132
Author(s):  
Aref Emamian
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Stock Market ◽  
The United States ◽  
Real Effective Exchange Rate ◽  
Annual Data ◽  
Fiscal Policies ◽  
Long Run ◽  
The Us ◽  
Short Run ◽  
The Impact

This study examines the impact of monetary and fiscal policies on the stock market in the United States (US), were used. By employing the method of Autoregressive Distributed Lags (ARDL) developed by Pesaran et al. (2001). Annual data from the Federal Reserve, World Bank, and International Monetary Fund, from 1986 to 2017 pertaining to the American economy, the results show that both policies play a significant role in the stock market. We find a significant positive effect of real Gross Domestic Product and the interest rate on the US stock market in the long run and significant negative relationship effect of Consumer Price Index (CPI) and broad money on the US stock market both in the short run and long run. On the other hand, this study only could support the significant positive impact of tax revenue and significant negative impact of real effective exchange rate on the US stock market in the short run while in the long run are insignificant. Keywords: ARDL, monetary policy, fiscal policy, stock market, United States

scholarly journals Warlords, the United States, and the state of anarchy in Afghanistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Shah Azami
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
State Building ◽  
The State ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Human Rights Abuses ◽  
Illegal Mining ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

As part of its “War on Terror”, the United States (US) provided immense sums of money and advanced equipment to Afghan warlords in order to defeat and dismantle the Taliban and al-Qaeda in Afghanistan. Nearly two decades after the 2001 US-led intervention in Afghanistan that toppled the Taliban regime, the US continues supporting the warlords in various ways. As the intervention was also aimed at establishing a functioning state and reconstruction of the war-torn country, the US needed the support of local warlords to achieve its goals. However, over time, warlords and warlordism became a major challenge to the postTaliban state-building project and in many ways undermined the overall security and the state monopoly on violence. These warlords, who had been mostly expelled and defeated by the Taliban regime, returned under the aegis of the B52 bombers, recaptured parts of the country and reestablished their fiefdoms with US support and resources. They not only resist giving up the power and prestige they have accumulated over the past few years, but also hamper the effort to improve governance and enact necessary reforms in the country. In addition, many of them run their private militias and have been accused of serious human rights abuses as well as drug trafficking, arms smuggling, illegal mining and extortion in the areas under their control or influence. In many ways, they challenge the government authority and have become a major hurdle to the country’s emerging from lawlessness and anarchy. This paper explores the emergence and reemergence of warlords in Afghanistan as well as the evolution of chaos and anarchy in the country, especially after the US-led intervention of late 2001. It also analyzes the impact of the post-9/11 US support to Afghan warlords and its negative consequences for the overall stability and the US-led state-building process in Afghanistan.

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