Experiences of Older Adults who Stopped Driving Because of their Visual Impairments: Part 3

2002 ◽  
Vol 96 (10) ◽  
pp. 701-710 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Penny Rosenblum ◽  
Anne L. Corn

This is the third in a series that describes the experiences of 162 adults, age 60 and older, who stopped driving due to a visual impairment. The participants responded to open-ended questions concerning the advantages and disadvantages of stopping driving, strategies they used in obtaining rides, and advice they would offer to adults who are about to stop driving. Participants spoke about the need to be proactive nondrivers.

2002 ◽  
Vol 96 (6) ◽  
pp. 389-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Penny Rosenblum ◽  
Anne L. Corn

The experiences of 162 adults over the age of 60 who had to stop driving due to a visual impairment are explored in this article. The participants, 50% of whom had macular degeneration, primarily stopped driving on their own and most had not driven in more than five years. Two-thirds of the participants had at least one form of public transportation in their communities, but only one-third used such methods of transportation.


2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramiro Velázquez ◽  
Edwige Pissaloux ◽  
Aimé Lay-Ekuakille

Background.Tactile interfaces that stimulate the plantar surface with vibrations could represent a step forward toward the development of wearable, inconspicuous, unobtrusive, and inexpensive assistive devices for people with visual impairments.Objective.To study how people understand information through their feet and to maximize the capabilities of tactile-foot perception for assisting human navigation.Methods.Based on the physiology of the plantar surface, three prototypes of electronic tactile interfaces for the foot have been developed. With important technological improvements between them, all three prototypes essentially consist of a set of vibrating actuators embedded in a foam shoe-insole. Perceptual experiments involving direction recognition and real-time navigation in space were conducted with a total of 60 voluntary subjects.Results.The developed prototypes demonstrated that they are capable of transmitting tactile information that is easy and fast to understand. Average direction recognition rates were 76%, 88.3%, and 94.2% for subjects wearing the first, second, and third prototype, respectively. Exhibiting significant advances in tactile-foot stimulation, the third prototype was evaluated in navigation tasks. Results show that subjects were capable of following directional instructions useful for navigating spaces.Conclusion.Footwear providing tactile stimulation can be considered for assisting the navigation of people with visual impairments.


2002 ◽  
Vol 96 (7) ◽  
pp. 485-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne L. Corn ◽  
L. Penny Rosenblum

This article is the second in a three-part series that provides data from interviews of 162 adult subjects aged 60 and older who stopped driving due to a visual impairment. Part Two describes the availability and use of different forms of transportation, ways subjects access transportation to carry out daily activities, subjects’ experiences with drivers, and how nondriving has affected subjects on a personal level. Of special interest is how emotions change over time.


2007 ◽  
Vol 18 (07) ◽  
pp. 590-603 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larry E. Humes

In this review of recent studies from our laboratory at Indiana University, it is argued that audibility is the primary contributor to the speech-understanding difficulties of older adults in unaided listening, but that other factors, especially cognitive factors, emerge when the role of audibility has been minimized. The advantages and disadvantages of three basic approaches used in our laboratory to minimize the role of audibility are examined. The first of these made use of clinical fits of personal amplification devices, but generally failed to make the aided speech stimuli sufficiently audible for the listeners. As a result, hearing loss remained the predominant predictor of performance. The second approach made use of raised and spectrally shaped stimuli with identical shaping applied for all listeners. The third approach used spectrally shaped speech that ensured audibility (at least 10 dB sensation level) of the stimuli up to at least 4000 Hz for each individual listener. With few exceptions, the importance of cognitive factors was revealed once the speech stimuli were made sufficiently audible. En esta revisión de estudios recientes de nuestro laboratorio en la Universidad de Indiana, se argumenta que la audibilidad es el factor primario que contribuye en las dificultades para el entendimiento del lenguaje en adultos mayores, bajo condiciones no amplificadas de escucha, pero que existen otros factores, especialmente cognitivos, que emergen cuando el papel de la audibilidad ha sido minimizado. Se examinan las ventajas y desventajas de los tres enfoques básicos utilizados en nuestro laboratorio para minimizar el papel de la audibilidad. El primero de estos hace uso de los ajustes clínicos en dispositivos personales de amplificación, pero que fallaron en convertir los estímulos amplificados de lenguaje en algo suficientemente audible para el sujeto. Como resultado, la hipoacusia continuó siendo el factor de predicción predominante en el desempeño. El segundo enfoque hizo uso de estímulos aumentados y moldeados espectralmente, con un moldeado idéntico para todos los sujetos. El tercer enfoque utilizó lenguaje moldeado espectralmente que aseguraba la audibilidad del estímulo (al menos a 10 dB de nivel de sensación) hasta al menos 4000 Hz para cada sujeto individual. Con pocas excepciones, la importancia de los factores cognitivos se reveló una vez que los estímulos de lenguaje habían sido hechos suficientemente audibles.


2021 ◽  
Vol 115 (3) ◽  
pp. 204-214
Author(s):  
Michele C. McDonnall ◽  
Zhen S. McKnight

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of visual impairment and correctable visual impairment (i.e., uncorrected refractive errors) on being out of the labor force and on unemployment. The effect of health on labor force status was also investigated. Method: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data from 1999 to 2008 ( N = 15,650) was used for this study. Participants were classified into three vision status groups: normal, correctable visual impairment, and visual impairment. Statistical analyses utilized were chi-square and logistic regression. Results: Having a visual impairment was significantly associated with being out of the labor force, while having a correctable visual impairment was not. Conversely, having a correctable visual impairment was associated with unemployment, while having a visual impairment was not. Being out of the labor force was not significantly associated with health for those with a visual impairment, although it was for those with correctable visual impairments and normal vision. Discussion: Given previous research, it was surprising to find that health was not associated with being out of the labor force for those with visual impairments. Perhaps other disadvantages for the people with visual impairments identified in this study contributed to their higher out-of-the-labor-force rates regardless of health. Implications for practitioners: Researchers utilizing national data sets that rely on self-reports to identify visual impairments should realize that some of those who self-identify as being visually impaired may actually have correctable visual impairments. Current research is needed to understand why a majority of people with visual impairments are not seeking employment and have removed themselves from the labor force.


2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 770-770
Author(s):  
Bonnielin Swenor ◽  
Aleksandra Mihailovic ◽  
Pradeep Ramulu

Abstract The home environment and features of the home have been identified as important risk factors for falls, and may pose particular risk for older adults with visual impairments given difficulty with hazard perception. We used data from 245 participants in the Falls in Glaucoma Study [mean age: 71 years, mean follow-up: 31 months] with homes graded using our previously validated Home Environment Assessment for the Visually Impaired (HEAVI), which quantifies the number of in-home fall-related hazards and found that neither the number of hazards nor the percentage of hazardous items were associated falls/year. However, each 10-fold increase in lighting was associated with a 35% lower rate of falls/year (RR=0.65, 95%CI=0.46 to 0.92) and there was a 50% reduction in falls/year when lighting was at or above 30 footcandles (minimum lighting level recommended by the Engineering Society of North America) compared to lighting <30 footcandles (RR=0.50, 95%CI=0.26 to 0.96).


1990 ◽  
Vol 84 (5) ◽  
pp. 218-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Abaglo ◽  
J. Downing

Fifty-one adolescents and adults with a variety of visual impairments were interviewed to determine their preference for different labels used to describe them. Participants were asked to choose among labels that state the disability before the person (“the visually handicapped person”) and labels that state the person before the disability (“the person with a visual impairment”). Results showed no statistically significant preference. Reasons provided by participants for their preference were characterized and presented thematically. The importance of stressing abilities and needs to be treated as normal were the most common reasons given by the participants for their selections. Participants who chose the person-first labels cited these reasons more often than those who chose the disability-first labels.


2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 807-808
Author(s):  
Bonnielin Swenor ◽  
Varshini Varadaraj ◽  
Moon Jeong Lee ◽  
Heather Whitson ◽  
Pradeep Ramulu

Abstract In 2019, the World Health Organization World Report on Vision estimated that that 2.2 billion people have a vision impairment, of which almost half could have been prevented or is yet to be addressed. As the global population ages and the prevalence of visual impairment increases, inequities in eye care and the downstream health and aging consequences of vision loss will become magnified. This session will: (1) provide key information regarding the burden of eye disease and visual impairment among older adults worldwide; (2) outline a framework created to conceptualize the aging and long-term health implications of vision loss, and (3) discuss the global public health challenges to eye care and to maximizing health for older adults with visual impairments.


Ophthalmology ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 99 (12) ◽  
pp. 1840-1847 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcel E. Salive ◽  
Jack Guralnik ◽  
William Christen ◽  
Robert J. Glynn ◽  
Patricia Colsher ◽  
...  

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