Self-Report in Functional Assessment of Low Vision

1990 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.P. Szlyk ◽  
A. Arditi ◽  
P. Coffey Bucci ◽  
D. Laderman
Keyword(s):  
Visual Field ◽  
Functional Assessment ◽  
Visual Function ◽  
Low Vision ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Visual Field Defects ◽  
Clinical Screening ◽  
Item Questionnaire ◽  
Function Finding ◽  
The Relationship

Previous research on the relationship between performance of complex tasks and low vision has offered few clear predictors of visual function. In some clinical, screening, and rehabilitation settings, access to measures of vision whose validity extends to the conditions of daily life is limited. The low vision individual may be uniquely qualified to report on such inaccessible performance situations. We have constructed a 57-item questionnaire, administered by interview, designed to predict performance in low vision patients with visual field defects, on four broad categories of visual function: finding, detecting, scanning, and tracking. The finding and detecting categories were further subdivided into subcategories of functional visual field (e.g., finding close, detecting close and above). Subjects rated their experienced degree of difficulty on a wide variety of common tasks which specifically demand these functions. Validity was assessed with 41 subjects. The present study suggests that self-report can be an effective predictor of function, especially in conjunction with clinical psychophysical techniques.

Arteriovenous malformations in the optic apparatus: systematic literature review and report of four cases

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Visish M. Srinivasan ◽  
Phiroz E. Tarapore ◽  
Stefan W. Koester ◽  
Joshua S. Catapano ◽  
Caleb Rutledge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Visual Field ◽  
Visual Function ◽  
Arteriovenous Malformations ◽  
Vascular Malformations ◽  
Visual Fields ◽  
Optic Tract ◽  
Visual Disturbance ◽  
Visual Field Defects ◽  
Subtotal Resection

OBJECTIVE Rare arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) of the optic apparatus account for < 1% of all AVMs. The authors conducted a systematic review of the literature for cases of optic apparatus AVMs and present 4 cases from their institution. The literature is summarized to describe preoperative characteristics, surgical technique, and treatment outcomes for these lesions. METHODS A comprehensive search of the English-language literature was performed in accordance with established Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines to identify all published cases of AVM in the optic apparatus in the PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases. The authors also searched their prospective institutional database of vascular malformations for such cases. Data regarding the clinical and radiological presentation, visual acuity, visual fields, extent of resection, and postoperative outcomes were gathered. RESULTS Nine patients in the literature and 4 patients in the authors’ single-surgeon series who fit the inclusion criteria were identified. The median age at presentation was 29 years (range 8–39 years). Among these patients, 11 presented with visual disturbance, 9 with headache, and 1 with multiple prior subarachnoid hemorrhages; the AVM in 1 case was found incidentally. Four patients described prior symptoms of headache or visual disturbance consistent with sentinel events. Visual acuity was decreased from baseline in 10 patients, and 11 patients had visual field defects on formal visual field testing. The most common visual field defect was temporal hemianopia, found in one or both eyes in 7 patients. The optic chiasm was affected in 10 patients, the hypothalamus in 2 patients, the optic nerve (unilaterally) in 8 patients, and the optic tract in 2 patients. Six patients underwent gross-total resection; 6 patients underwent subtotal resection; and 1 patient underwent craniotomy, but no resection was attempted. Postoperatively, 9 of the patients had improved visual function, 1 had no change, and 3 had worse visual acuity. Eight patients demonstrated improved visual fields, 1 had no change, and 4 had narrowed fields. CONCLUSIONS AVMs of the optic apparatus are rare lesions. Although they reside in a highly eloquent region, surgical outcomes are generally good; the majority of patients will see improvement in their visual function postoperatively. Microsurgical technique is critical to the successful removal of these lesions, and preservation of function sometimes requires subtotal resection of the lesion.

The Relationship Between Interocular Asymmetry of Visual Field Defects and Optic Nerve Head Blood Flow in Patients With Glaucoma

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 231-237
Author(s):  
Yutaro Yamada ◽  
Tomomi Higashide ◽  
Sachiko Udagawa ◽  
Satoshi Takeshima ◽  
Kimikazu Sakaguchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Visual Field ◽  
Optic Nerve Head ◽  
Visual Field Defects ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Field Defects

scholarly journals What are the characteristics and progression of visual field defects in patients with Leber hereditary optic neuropathy: a prospective single-centre study in China

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. e025307
Author(s):  
Hong-Li Liu ◽  
Jia-Jia Yuan ◽  
Zhen Tian ◽  
Xin Li ◽  
Lin Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Field ◽  
Optic Neuropathy ◽  
Visual Function ◽  
Visual Field Defect ◽  
Visual Field Defects ◽  
Leber Hereditary Optic Neuropathy ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Field Defect ◽  
Hereditary Optic Neuropathy ◽  
Field Defects

ObjectiveTo study the characteristics and progression of visual field defects in patients with Leber hereditary optic neuropathy.DesignProspective study.Setting3-A-class hospital in China; single-centre study.ParticipantsFrom 100 patients diagnosed with Leber hereditary optic neuropathy, 80 (160 eyes; 68 men and 12 women; youngest patient, 6 years; oldest patient, 35 years) were recruited.ExposureAll patients were followed up for at least 12 months. Each patient underwent at least three visual field examinations. Patient groups 1–6 were created according to the time of visual field data acquisition. Patient group 7 included patients with a different onset of disease between eyes. Group 8 was composed of patients with a course of disease of 12–24 months when one of the examinations performed. Patients who performed the third examination made up patient group 9.Primary outcome measuresPrevalence of the different visual field defect types on the basis of severity in groups 1–6. Mean of the difference of visual function between eyes in group 7.ResultIn groups 1–6, the prevalences of defects classified using Visual Field Index values were significantly different between groups 1 and 3. In group 7, with the prolongation of the course of the disease, the mean of the difference of visual function between eyes decreased. There was no significant correlation between age and the severity of visual field defect. There was significant correlation between visual acuity and the severity of visual field defect.ConclusionVisual field defects in patients with Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (G11778A) may continuously progress within 6 months of disease development, and remain stable after 9 months. With the progression of the disease, the differences in visual function between eyes may decrease. The severity of visual field defect seems to be independent of age; however, could be related to visual acuity.Trial registration numberNCT03428178,NCT01267422.

scholarly journals Relationship between cortical resection and visual function after occipital lobe epilepsy surgery

2018 ◽  
Vol 129 (2) ◽  
pp. 524-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Won Heo ◽  
June Sic Kim ◽  
Chun Kee Chung ◽  
Sang Kun Lee
Keyword(s):  
Visual Field ◽  
Visual Function ◽  
Peripheral Vision ◽  
Occipital Lobe ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Occipital Lobe Epilepsy ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Normal Visual Field ◽  
Visual Cortical ◽  
The Relationship

OBJECTIVEIn this study, the authors investigated long-term clinical and visual outcomes of patients after occipital lobe epilepsy (OLE) surgery and analyzed the relationship between visual cortical resection and visual function after OLE surgery.METHODSA total of 42 consecutive patients who were diagnosed with OLE and underwent occipital lobe resection between June 1995 and November 2013 were included. Clinical, radiological, and histopathological data were reviewed retrospectively. Seizure outcomes were categorized according to the Engel classification. Visual function after surgery was assessed using the National Eye Institute Visual Functioning Questionnaire 25. The relationship between the resected area of the visual cortex and visual function was demonstrated by multivariate linear regression models.RESULTSAfter a mean follow-up period of 102.2 months, 27 (64.3%) patients were seizure free, and 6 (14.3%) patients had an Engel Class II outcome. Nineteen (57.6%) of 33 patients had a normal visual field or quadrantanopia after surgery (normal and quadrantanopia groups). Patients in the normal and quadrantanopia groups had better vision-related quality of life than those in the hemianopsia group. The resection of lateral occipital areas 1 and 2 of the occipital lobe was significantly associated with difficulties in general vision, peripheral vision, and vision-specific roles. In addition, the resection of intraparietal sulcus 3 or 4 was significantly associated with decreased social functioning.CONCLUSIONSThe authors found a favorable seizure control rate (Engel Class I or II) of 78.6%, and 57.6% of the subjects had good visual function (normal vision or quadrantanopia) after OLE surgery. Lateral occipital cortical resection had a significant effect on visual function despite preservation of the visual field.

scholarly journals Visual field improvement in neglect after virtual reality intervention: a case study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Christian Leitner ◽  
Stefan Hawelka
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Visual Field ◽  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Bright Light ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Field Analysis ◽  
Visual Field Defects ◽  
Visual Neglect ◽  
Self Evaluation ◽  
Cortical Areas

Objective. Studies on neuropsychological rehabilitation of visual field defects provide an inconsistent picture regarding the effectiveness of so-called "restorative approaches" in visual field recovery (VFR). During a current research project on the clinical evaluation of VFR - in combination with head mounted virtual reality displays (HMD) - a patient ("Patient 7") suffering from visual neglect was investigated. Although the concept of VFR is originally not intended for patients suffering from higher cortical regions (as in neglect), we hypothesized that due to the strong attention-demanding training situation in HMDs, neglect patients might benefit from these intervention procedures based on restorative approaches. Methods and Analysis. Patient 7 was examined perimetrically using a "Humphrey Field Analyzer", "Goldmann Perimetry" and our newly developed and validated eye-tracking supported perimetric methodology "Eye tracking based visual field analysis" (EFA). Based on these high resolution results from the EFA, the exact location of the transition area between intact and defect visual field of Patient 7 was assessed. Next, bright light stimuli were placed along this area in our newly developed HMD "Salzburg Visual Field Trainer" (SVFT). The aim was to stimulate neuroplasticity - according to the concept of restitutive approaches - in the corresponding cortical areas of the patient. Patient 7 trained with the SVFT for a time period of 254 days. In 6 appointments the objective and subjective rehabilitation progress was assessed. Results. Perimetric assessment with the EFA shows an expansion of Patient 7's visual field of 48.8% (left eye) and 36.8% (right eye) after 254 days of training with the SVFT. Individual areas in the patient's visual field show a visual improvement of approximately 5.5 to 10.5 degree of visual angle. Subjective self-report of Patient 7 additionally shows improvements in self-evaluation of up to 317% in visual field functionality compared to self-evaluation on the first assessment date. Conclusions. The results from Patient 7 indicate that patients suffering from visual neglect potentially benefit from a neuropsychological intervention with HMD based on the restorative concept of visual field recovery. However, further studies with large case numbers and a focus both on daily-life improvements and on a clear distinction between patients with lesions in earlier and higher cortical areas are needed to make empirically valid and generalizing statements about our findings.

scholarly journals The relationship between visual function and performance in Para-swimming

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Fortin-Guichard ◽  
Rianne Ravensbergen ◽  
Kai Krabben ◽  
Peter M. Allen ◽  
David L. Mann
Keyword(s):  
Visual Field ◽  
Visual Function ◽  
Swimming Performance ◽  
Light Sensitivity ◽  
Start Time ◽  
Race Time ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Partially Sighted ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Paralympic swimmers with vision impairment (VI) currently compete in one of three classes depending on their visual acuity (VA) and/or visual field. However, there is no evidence to suggest that a three-class system is the most legitimate approach for classification in swimming, or that the tests of VA and visual field are the most suitable. An evidence-based approach is required to establish the relationship between visual function and performance in the sport. Therefore, the aim of this study was to establish the relationship between visual function and performance in VI swimming. The swimming performance of 45 elite VI swimmers was evaluated during international competitions by measuring the total race time, start time, clean swim velocity, ability to swim in a straight line, turn time and finish time. Visual function was measured using a test battery that included VA, contrast sensitivity, light sensitivity, depth perception, visual search, and motion perception. Results revealed that VA was the best predictor of total race time, though the relationship was not linear. Decision-tree analysis suggested that only two classes were necessary for legitimate competition in VI swimming, with a single cut-off between 2.6–3.5 logMAR. No further significant association remained between visual function and performance in either of the two resulting classes. Results suggest that legitimate competition in VI swimming requires one class for partially sighted and another for functionally blind athletes.

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