Policy Diffusion in a Redistributive Policy: Affordable Housing and State Housing Trust Funds

2021 ◽  
pp. 0160323X2110494
Author(s):  
Carla Flink ◽  
Rebecca J. Walter ◽  
Xiaoyang Xu
Keyword(s):  
Affordable Housing ◽  
Event History Analysis ◽  
Policy Diffusion ◽  
State Level ◽  
Housing Affordability ◽  
Housing Investment ◽  
Trust Funds ◽  
History Analysis ◽  
Survival Modeling ◽  
Problem Severity

Diffusion models explore the reasons policies transfer across governments. In this study, we focus on U.S. state level efforts in affordable housing. Drawing predominately from policy diffusion literature, our research examines the determinants of the creation of state Housing Trust Funds (HTFs). We utilize event history analysis with logit regressions and survival modeling to examine how problem severity, neighbor adoption, economic standing, elected leadership, housing investment, and demographics predict state HTF adoption. Results indicate that both problem severity and elected leadership predict the adoption of HTFs. This work improves our understanding of state policy diffusion and efforts in housing affordability.

Policy Diffusion Results: A New Database for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-27
Author(s):  
Daniel J. Mallinson
Keyword(s):  
Event History Analysis ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Policy Diffusion ◽  
Innovation Adoption ◽  
Research Synthesis ◽  
Event History ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
American States ◽  
History Analysis ◽  
Systematic Understanding

This research note presents a new database of policy diffusion research results useful for research synthesis. This database is a compilation of the results from every event history analysis model of policy diffusion in the American states published between 1990 and 2018. The result is 507 models with 6,641 variables. The database is publicly available and can be used to answer numerous questions regarding the veracity of policy diffusion research claims. It also provides a systematic understanding of where there are gaps in diffusion research that can be filled by scholars from many subfields. This article briefly discusses the data collection and coding processes, what is available in the database, and how it can be used. It also provides an illustrative meta-analysis of the effect of legislative professionalism on innovation adoption.

scholarly journals Europeanisation beyond the European Union: tobacco advertisement restrictions in Swiss cantons

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philipp Trein
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
European Integration ◽  
Event History Analysis ◽  
Policy Diffusion ◽  
Control Policy ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Economic Interests ◽  
Regulatory Policies ◽  
History Analysis ◽  
Swiss Cantons

AbstractThis article forges a link between support for European integration and adoption of tobacco advertisement restrictions in Swiss cantons. Leaning on the policy diffusion literature, this article argues that the more voters support deeper European integration, the more likely cantonal governments are to restrict tobacco advertising. Policymakers use voters’ support for more European integration as a signal that they support regulatory policies that are strongly associated with the European Union (EU) in the political and media debate, such as tobacco advertisement bans. This effect ought to be especially strong in the absence of adverse economic interests, such as the presence of the tobacco industry. To buttress these claims, the present article uses statistical analysis, specifically event-history analysis. Apart from the insights about Swiss tobacco control policy, this article contributes to our understanding of indirect EU influence on cantonal policymaking and policy diffusion.

scholarly journals Pandemic Politics: Timing State-Level Social Distancing Responses to COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Adolph ◽  
Kenya Amano ◽  
Bree Bang-Jensen ◽  
Nancy Fullman ◽  
John Wilkerson
Keyword(s):  
Event History Analysis ◽  
State Level ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
Policy Responses ◽  
Original Dataset ◽  
Political Partisanship ◽  
History Analysis ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

AbstractSocial distancing policies are critical but economically painful measures to flatten the curve against emergent infectious diseases. As the novel coronavirus that causes COVID-19 spread throughout the United States in early 2020, the federal government issued social distancing recommendations but left to the states the most difficult and consequential decisions restricting behavior, such as canceling events, closing schools and businesses, and issuing stay-at-home orders. We present an original dataset of state-level social distancing policy responses to the epidemic and explore how political partisanship, COVID-19 caseload, and policy diffusion explain the timing of governors’ decisions to mandate social distancing. An event history analysis of five social distancing policies across all fifty states reveals the most important predictors are political: all else equal, Republican governors and governors from states with more Trump supporters were slower to adopt social distancing policies. These delays are likely to produce significant, on-going harm to public health.

scholarly journals Critical Summary and Concluding Remarks

2021 ◽  
pp. 255-267
Author(s):  
Carina Schmitt ◽  
Herbert Obinger
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Process ◽  
Event History Analysis ◽  
Policy Diffusion ◽  
Event History ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Global Studies ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
History Analysis ◽  
Diffusion Mechanisms ◽  
Basic Insight

AbstractThis chapter provides a summary and a systematic synopsis of the theoretical approaches and the empirical results. It gives a comparative overview over the temporal and spatial pattern of the diffusion process and critically reflects the theoretical approaches and the applied methods. A basic insight of this comparative conclusion is that the macro-quantitative approach of network diffusion event history analysis has great benefits for global studies on social policy diffusion, but in-depth case studies still remain important for revealing the diffusion mechanisms. Future research should more systematically combine both perspectives.

The Ties that Bind Us: The Influence of Perceived State Similarity on Policy Diffusion

2020 ◽  
pp. 106591292090661
Author(s):  
Christine Bricker ◽  
Scott LaCombe
Keyword(s):  
State Policy ◽  
Event History Analysis ◽  
Policy Diffusion ◽  
Policy Innovation ◽  
Event History ◽  
Geographic Proximity ◽  
Data Set ◽  
National Network ◽  
Reliable Predictor ◽  
History Analysis

In this paper, we propose a new measure to understand policy connections between the states. For decades, diffusion scholars have relied on the largely untested assumption that contiguous states are more similar than noncontiguous states, despite evidence that similarity is more complex than geographic proximity. We use a unique survey of citizens’ perceptions of other states to construct a national network of similarity ties between the states. We apply this new measure with a data set of state policy adoptions in a dyadic and monadic event history analysis and find that similar state adoptions are a reliable predictor of policy innovation. We argue that perceived state similarity is a more complete measure of how states look to each other than contiguity.

The Diffusion of Morality Policies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor-David Cruz-Aceves
Keyword(s):  
Learning Process ◽  
Event History Analysis ◽  
State Level ◽  
Event History ◽  
Morality Policy ◽  
Process Information ◽  
Moral Content ◽  
History Analysis ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Way

Through event history analysis and seemingly unrelated estimations, this study investigates the way in which diffusion of state-level legislation in the USA changes according to the varying degrees of morality policy characteristics it displays. The author finds that the magnitude of diffusion increases when policies reflect fewer characteristics of morality policy. Moreover, policies with high moral content diffuse when preceded by a bounded-learning process, information about which is heavily drawn from polities with similar moral attributes; learning about legislation with moderate and minimal characteristics of morality policy not only occurs selectively, but information is also retrieved from ideologically dissimilar polities, too.

Expanding the Castle: Explaining Stand Your Ground Legislation in American States, 2005–2012

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
pp. 907-928
Author(s):  
Vincent Ferraro ◽  
Saran Ghatak
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Event History Analysis ◽  
State Level ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Group Threat ◽  
Self Defense ◽  
Political Partisanship ◽  
History Analysis ◽  
The Public Sphere ◽  
Contemporary United States

Although studies have analyzed the effects of “stand your ground” (SYG) laws on violent crime, the question of why states are more likely to take measures to allow gun violence (albeit in self-defense) in the public sphere remains understudied in the literature. Using a fixed-effects event-history analysis of a panel of longitudinal state-level data for the period 2005–2012, we expand upon recent research by testing three competing perspectives on the adoption of SYG laws: group threat, political partisanship, and crime. Despite rhetorical framing of SYG laws as a means of self-defense from predatory criminals by gun-rights organizations, we find no effect of crime on the passage of SYG laws. Nor do we find evidence for group threat. Implications of these findings and directions for future research are discussed. Instead, results support the political partisanship view, providing further evidence of the politicization of gun policy in the contemporary United States.

scholarly journals Pandemic Politics: Timing State-Level Social Distancing Responses to COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Adolph ◽  
Kenya Amano ◽  
Bree Bang-Jensen ◽  
Nancy Fullman ◽  
John Wilkerson
Keyword(s):  
Event History Analysis ◽  
State Level ◽  
The United States ◽  
Event History ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Critical Window ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
Policy Responses ◽  
History Analysis ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Abstract Context: Social distancing is an essential but economically painful measure to flatten the curve of emergent infectious diseases. As the novel coronavirus that causes COVID-19 spread throughout the United States in early 2020, the federal government left to the states the difficult and consequential decisions about when to cancel events, close schools and businesses, and issue stay-at-home orders. Methods: We present an original, detailed dataset of state-level social distancing policy responses to the epidemic, then apply event history analysis to study the timing of implementation of five social distancing policies across all fifty states. Results: The most important predictor of when states adopted social distancing policies is political: All else equal, states led by Republican governors were slower to implement such policies during a critical window of early COVID-19 response. Conclusions: Continuing actions driven by partisanship, rather than public health expertise and scientific recommendations, may exact greater tolls on health and broader society.

Organization, Opportunity, and the Shifting Politics of Employment Discrimination

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Dixon ◽  
Melinda Kane ◽  
Joseph DiGrazia
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
Social Movement ◽  
Event History Analysis ◽  
Employment Discrimination ◽  
Public Support ◽  
State Level ◽  
History Analysis ◽  
The Face ◽  
Discrimination In Employment ◽  
State And Local

Despite the major breakthrough for lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) activists on marriage equality, the fight against employment discrimination remains elusive. Whether one is protected from discrimination in employment on the basis of sexual orientation or gender identity depends on where one lives and is contingent on a patchwork of state and local policies. In this article, we investigate the adoption of state nondiscrimination laws that are inclusive of sexual orientation between 1980 and 2009. Findings from our event history analysis of policy adoption contribute to the study of social movements and LGBT politics in three ways. First, and consistent with social movement theory, we find countermovement opposition to gay rights as well as pro-LGBT political opportunities to be critical. Second, we find organization and opportunity to fluctuate in importance over time, underscoring the need for historically informed analyses that seriously consider when key actors should matter for social movement outcomes. Third, we produce new state-level estimates of public opinion of nondiscrimination laws. We show that while very high levels of public support are common for states that adopt nondiscrimination laws, they are not enough on their own, particularly in the face of opposition.

Event History Analysis in Demography

1995 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 355-357
Author(s):  
Johannes Huinink
Keyword(s):  
Event History Analysis ◽  
Event History ◽  
History Analysis
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