Bridges or Barriers? The Relationship between Immigrants’ Early Labor Market Adversities and Long-term Earnings

2021 ◽  
pp. 019791832110002
Author(s):  
Tingting Zhang ◽  
Rupa Banerjee
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Wage Penalty ◽  
Curve Modeling ◽  
Female Immigrants ◽  
Part Time ◽  
Occupational Mismatch ◽  
Women's Earnings ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Relationship

Using data from the Extended Longitudinal Survey of Immigrants to Canada (LSIC-IMDB), this article investigates the association between early adverse labor market experiences in the host country and immigrants’ long-term earnings. We use Growth Curve Modeling (GCM) to estimate how months of joblessness, part-time status, and occupational mismatch during the first four years in Canada relate to immigrant men’s and women’s earnings trajectories over the following 10 years. Part-time employment, we find, is negatively associated with long-term earnings trajectories for both male and female immigrants, and male immigrants who are occupationally mismatched in the medium term also face a long-term wage penalty. Months of joblessness early on, however, is associated with relatively less wage disadvantage in later years. Since immigrants’ early difficulties are associated with long-term economic scarring, it is imperative to introduce early interventions to promote rapid assimilation.

Labor Market Effects of Marijuana and Cocaine Use among Young Men

ILR Review ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 435-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles A. Register ◽  
Donald R. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Longitudinal Survey ◽  
National Longitudinal Survey ◽  
Productivity Effect ◽  
Cocaine Use ◽  
Market Effects ◽  
Net Productivity ◽  
Using Data

Using data on marijuana and cocaine use from the 1984 National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, the authors examine the hypothesis that drug use reduces labor market productivity, as measured by wages. From an analysis that controls for the probability of employment and the endogeneity of drug use, they find that although long-term and on-the-job use of marijuana negatively affected wages, the net productivity effect for all marijuana users (both those who engaged in long-term or on-the-job use and those who did not) was positive. No statistically significant association was found between cocaine use and productivity.

Is more always good? Over-education, job satisfaction and wages on the Czech labor market

2015 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 403-414
Author(s):  
Raufhon Salahodjaev
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Labor Market Outcomes ◽  
Wage Penalty ◽  
Market Outcomes ◽  
Research Attention ◽  
Considerable Research ◽  
Significant Negative Impact ◽  
Using Data

The notion of over-education has drawn considerable research attention since the work of Freeman (1976). This study provides evidence that education match matters for labor market outcomes. Using data from the REFLEX survey, we find that over-education and over-skilling has a significant negative impact on wages and job satisfaction in the Czech labor market. Secondly, we find that the wage penalty is stronger for female respondents. In contrast, overskilled and overeducated men are more dissatisfied than women.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Active Labor Market Programs and Employability of the Long‐Term Unemployed

Labour ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 154-175
Author(s):  
Jacob Nielsen Arendt ◽  
Henrik Lindegaard Andersen ◽  
Morten Saaby
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Active Labor ◽  
Active Labor Market Programs ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Labor Market Programs ◽  
Active Labor Market

The influence of unilateral supplier transaction-specific investments on international buyer opportunism: empirical findings from local suppliers in China

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Wang ◽  
Chun Zhang ◽  
Jun Li ◽  
Dong Huo ◽  
Xing Fan
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Market ◽  
Multiple Informants ◽  
Supplier Relationships ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Relationship Length ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Specific Investments ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Relationship

PurposeThis study examines how unilateral supplier transaction-specific investments (TSIs), directly and indirectly, influence international buyer opportunism and the extent to which detailed contracts enable suppliers to safeguard against international buyer opportunism. The study also examines whether relationship length affects the efficacy of detailed contracts in cross-border outsourcing relationships.Design/methodology/approachThe hypotheses are tested by using data collected from multiple informants working for 229 manufacturing suppliers in China. Multiple regression with a three-way interaction is used to test the hypotheses.FindingsUnilateral supplier TSIs encourage international buyer opportunism through increased supplier dependence. Contract specificity negatively moderates the effect of supplier dependence on international buyer opportunism. This moderating effect is stronger in long-term cross-border buyer–supplier relationships than in short-term ones.Originality/valueThe current study extends the cross-border outsourcing literature by examining how emerging-market suppliers in a weak power position can proactively safeguard against international buyer opportunism by using detailed contracts. Our findings show that supplier dependence mediates the relationship between unilateral supplier TSIs and international buyer opportunism; detailed contracts, however, can help dependent suppliers safeguard against international buyer opportunism. In particular, the findings highlight the importance of long-term buyer–supplier relationships that enhance the efficacy of detailed contracts.

AGE AND FERTILITY: CAN WOMEN WAIT UNTIL THEIR EARLY THIRTIES TO TRY FOR A FIRST BIRTH?

2011 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 685-700 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOHN W. McDONALD ◽  
ALESSANDRO ROSINA ◽  
ESTER RIZZI ◽  
BERNARDO COLOMBO
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Event History ◽  
Coital Frequency ◽  
First Birth ◽  
Childless Women ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Long Term Survivors ◽  
The Relationship

SummaryPostponing the start of childbearing raises the question of fertility postponed versus fertility foregone. One of the limitations of previous studies of ‘How late can you wait?’ is that any observed decline in the probability of conception with age could be due to a decline in fecundability with age or due to a decline in coital frequency with age or due to both factors. Using data from a multinational longitudinal study conducted to determine the daily probability of conception among healthy subjects, a discrete-time event history model with long-term survivors (sterile population) is used to study the relationship between age and fecundability for childless women, while controlling for the pattern of intercourse within a menstrual cycle. The findings suggest that women can wait until their early thirties to try for a first birth, providing that they are not already sterile, as the magnitude of the decline in fecundability is very modest and of little practical importance.

scholarly journals Coach Mid-Season Replacement and Team Performance in Professional Soccer

2011 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Lago-Peñas
Keyword(s):  
Team Performance ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Shock Effect ◽  
Professional Soccer ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Empirical Analysis

Coach Mid-Season Replacement and Team Performance in Professional SoccerThe coaching carousel or turnover is an extreme but frequently occurring phenomenon in soccer. Among the reasons for firing a coach, the most common is the existence of a shock-effect: a new coach would be able to motivate the players better and therefore to improve results. Using data from the Spanish Soccer League during the seasons from 1997-1998 to 2006-2007, this paper investigates the relationship between team performance and coach change over time. The empirical analysis shows that the shock effect of a turnover has a positive impact on team performance in the short term. Results reveal no impact of coach turnover in the long term. The favourable short-term impact on team performance of a coach turnover is followed by continued gradual worsening of results. The turnover effect is non-existent when the comparison between the new coach and the old coach is done over 10, 15 or 20 matches before and after termination.

Terrorism and tourism in Israel

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 1343-1352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marion Karl ◽  
Gordon Winder ◽  
Alexander Bauer
Keyword(s):  
Time Lag ◽  
Research Model ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Event Tourism ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Terrorist Event ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

While the relation between terrorism and tourism has been an important topic for tourism research, the questions whether terrorism affects tourism immediately and how long after a terrorism event tourism recovers are, as yet, not clearly answered. The aim of this article is to better understand the magnitude and temporal scale of the impact of terrorism on tourism. To this end, a research model differentiating between short-term and long-term effects of terrorism on tourism is developed and analyzed for the destination Israel using data on tourists from Germany. The results show both short-term and long-term impacts with a time lag between the terrorist event and the beginning of tourism decline of 1 or up to 6 months. An economic influence on the development of tourist arrivals was not detected, but seasonality plays an important role in the relationship between terrorism and tourism.

scholarly journals Long Term Effects of Job Displacement. Paper presented at the 2010 American Sociological Association Annual Meeting.

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew J Moehr
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
Job Displacement ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Fixed Effects Models ◽  
Worker Characteristics ◽  
Using Data

This paper replicates and extends Stevens’s (1997) analysis of the long-term effects of job displacements. Using data from the 1968-2005 waves of the Panel Study of Income Dynamics, I estimate fixed-effects models which show that there are long term decreases in earnings after displacements. The decreases are mediated when longer follow up data is used for individuals. Changes in the labor market have also shifted the relationship between displacements and individual worker characteristics. Specifically, education and experience have become more important then displacements. Conclusions are based on an analysis of the different people in the 40 years of PSID data and the structural changes in the labor market over that time. This article suggests that longitudinal data and fixed-effects models are one of many ways to conceptualize labor market changes.

scholarly journals Labor Market Participation Before and After Long-Term Part-Time Sickness Absence in Finland

2020 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. e142-e148
Author(s):  
Jenni Ervasti ◽  
Johanna Kausto ◽  
Aki Koskinen ◽  
Jaana Pentti ◽  
Jussi Vahtera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Sickness Absence ◽  
Labor Market Participation ◽  
Market Participation ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Part Time

scholarly journals Pay Me Later is Not Always Positively Associated with Bank Risk Reduction—From the Perspective of Long-Term Compensation and Black Box Effect

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ma ◽  
Jiang ◽  
Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Default Risk ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Black Box ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Bank Risk ◽  
Inside Debt ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between executive compensation and bank risk-taking is one of the core topics of corporate governance theory. Especially after the 2008 global financial crisis, due to the characteristics of banks, such as systemic risk, this relationship has become more important. However, though usually calculated on the basis of cash salary and inside equity, which can promote risk incentives, inside debt was considered a tool for risk reduction in prior empirical analyses. Based on actual bank situations, we had doubts about this relationship and wanted to verify the specific relationship between inside debt and risk. We initiated this research by setting up a theoretical model between inside debt and bank default risk and by simulating the result using data from Wells Fargo & Co. to draw the function image. We are the first to define the three kinds of compensation in three dimensions. Then, considering bankruptcy, we found the black box effect exists. Therefore, different from prior views, pay me later not only reduces but also increases risk. We expect our findings to offer help to the formulation of policies for pay contracts.

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