Effects of Oxybarbiturates on Fern Spore Germination and Gametophyte Development

1991 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 308-315
Author(s):  
Martin E. Bannon ◽  
Herbert A. Kordan ◽  
Elizabeth Sheffield
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
White Light ◽  
Spore Germination ◽  
Pteridium Aquilinum ◽  
Gametophyte Development ◽  
Adverse Action ◽  
Anemia Phyllitidis ◽  
Fern Spore Germination

Spores from the ferns Pteridium aquilinum and Anemia phyllitidis were germinated on solid Moore's medium, supplemented with the three oxybarbiturates, namely, barbital, amobarbital and secobarbital, under white light. The severity of the adverse action of these neuroactive agents on spore germination, and in most instances, on subsequent gametophyte development, was secobarbital>amobarbital>barbital. A. phyllitidis was, on the whole, more sensitive than P. aquilinum to the adverse effects exerted by the three oxybarbiturates on spore germination and subsequent gametophyte development.

scholarly journals In vitro spore germination and early gametophyte development of Cibotium barometz (L.) J. Sm. in different media

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yupi ISNAINI ◽  
Titien Ngatinem Praptosuwiryo
Keyword(s):  
Spore Germination ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Gametophyte Development ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Rare And Endangered

Abstract. Isnaini Y, Praptosuwiryo TNg. 2020. In vitro spore germination and early gametophyte development of Cibotium barometz (L.) J. Sm. in different media. Biodiversitas 21: 5373-5381. Cibotium barometz (L.) J. Sm. is known as the golden chicken fern and included in Appendix II of CITES. It is an important export commodity for traditional and modern medicine. Globally, populations of this species are under significant pressure due to overexploitation in the wild. In vitro culture is one of the technologies used for ex-situ propagation and conservation of rare and endangered ferns and lycophytes. This study’s objectives were: (i) to observe in vitro spore germination and early gametophyte development of C. barometz, and (ii) to determine the best culture medium for rapid spore germination and early development of the gametophytes. The sterilized spores were sown in half-strength Murashige & Skoog (½MS) basal medium supplemented with combinations of 6-Benzylaminopurine (BAP) and α-Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA). A factorial combination of four BAP concentrations (0, 2, 4, and 6 mg L-1) with four concentrations of NAA (0; 0.01; 0.03 and 0.05 mg L-1) created 16 treatments replicated in a Completely Randomized Design. Spore germination of C. barometz was observed to be Vittaria-type, and its prothallial development was Drynaria-type. Spore germination started 7-14 days after sowing. Young heart-shape gametophytes consisting of 110-240 cells were formed in 45-61 days after sowing. The two best spore culture media for rapid spore germination and development of C. barometz gametophytes were ½ MS with or without 2 mg L-1 BAP.

Photocontrol of Chloroplast Lipids in Fern Gametophytes

1986 ◽  
Vol 41 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 591-596 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Kraiss ◽  
Armin R. Gemmrich
Keyword(s):  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Blue Light ◽  
White Light ◽  
Red Light ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Anemia Phyllitidis ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Hexadecatrienoic Acid ◽  
Fern Gametophytes

In the gametophyte of the fern Anemia phyllitidis synthesis of linolenic acid esterified in monogalactosyldiglyceride requires light. By induction-reversion experim ents it could be demonstrated that this light-dependent step is mediated by phytochrome. There is also evidence for phytochrome control of galactolipid and hexadecatrienoic acid synthesis. In continuous blue light the synthesis of linolenic acid is inhibited and linoleic acid accumulates. It is concluded that the blue light photoreceptor affects an inhibition of linoleic acid desaturase. In continuous blue light chloroplasts contain abundant multilayered thylakoids, the grana regions are not as distinct as in white light, and membranes appear less appressed. In continuous red light the membranes are reduced in number and contain less grana-like appressions. It is concluded that both photoreceptors are necessary for a coordinate synthesis and assembly of the individual components of the chloroplast membrane.

scholarly journals Enhancement of Fern Spore Germination and Gametophyte Growth in Artificial Media

2001 ◽  
Vol 91 (4) ◽  
pp. 179-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Sheffield ◽  
G. E. Douglas ◽  
S. J. Hearne ◽  
S. Huxham ◽  
J. M. Wynn
Keyword(s):  
Spore Germination ◽  
Fern Spore Germination

Comparative analysis of the sexual phase of Phanerophlebia (Dryopteridaceae) in Mexico

2003 ◽  
Vol 81 (5) ◽  
pp. 501-516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aniceto Mendoza-Ruiz ◽  
Blanca Pérez-García
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Spore Germination ◽  
Development Time ◽  
Spore Morphology ◽  
Fern Gametophyte ◽  
Gametophyte Development ◽  
Germination Time

A comparative analysis is presented of the spore morphology, germination pattern, and prothallial development of the sexual phase of seven species in the fern genus Phanerophlebia C. Presl. Gametophyte development was studied from samples grown both on agar and soil. Spores are monolete, ellipsoid, with light brown to dark brown perine; the germination pattern is Vittaria-type and the prothallial development is Aspidium-type in all of the species. The gametangia are of the type typical for leptosporangiate ferns. Gametophytes of all species initially become female, then bisexual. Differences among species include spore germination time (6–12 days), shape of the gametophytes (spatulate–cordiform to cordiform–reniform, with smooth to very irregular margins), development time of trichomes (12–24 days), and appearance of gametangia (40–200 days). Some species develop the first leaves of the sporophytes after 200 days. Results are contrasted with previously published reports on gametophyte development in Arachniodes Blume, Cyrtomium C. Presl, Didymochlaena Desv., Dryopteris Adans, Olfersia Raddi, Polystichum Roth, and Stigmatopteris C. Chr.Key words: Dryopteridaceae, fern gametophyte, Mexico, morphogenesis, Phanerophlebia, sexual phase.

Red light inhibition of spore germination in Ophioglossum crotalophoroides

2006 ◽  
Vol 84 (7) ◽  
pp. 1156-1158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dean P. Whittier
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
White Light ◽  
Spore Germination ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Red Light ◽  
Active Form ◽  
Light Inhibition

Spores of Ophioglossum crotalophoroides Walt., which give rise to subterranean, nonphotosynthetic, mycorrhizal gametophytes, germinate in the dark and not in the light. Red light, like white light, prevents the germination of these spores. Germination occurs after exposure to far-red. The effects of far-red light can be reversed by red light and those of red light can be partly reversed by far-red light, confirming the involvement of phytochrome. With the spores of O. crotalophoroides, the active form of phytochrome, Pfr, prohibits germination. The photoinhibition of germination by white or red light insures that these spores germinate underground in nature. Hypogean germination improves the chances for adequate soil moisture and for the young gametophytes to be colonized by mycorrhizal fungi.

Fern spore germination in response to environmental factors

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 358-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinwei Suo ◽  
Sixue Chen ◽  
Qi Zhao ◽  
Lei Shi ◽  
Shaojun Dai
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Spore Germination ◽  
Fern Spore Germination
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