Activating the role of the public library towards Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in Kuwait

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 406-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Husain F. Ghuloum ◽  
Waleed M. Alyacoub
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Public Libraries ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Public Library ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Community Needs ◽  
The State Of Kuwait

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), according to the latest figures and studies, affects a large segment of people who need more services from all fields in their countries whether they be the educational sector, health sector, or others. Public libraries are considered to be one of the most important sources of information for the whole community. Furthermore, the core aim of this type of library is to identify community needs, to provide materials, programs and technologies to meet those needs, and to cooperate with other agencies and organisations which serve the community as a whole. Although individuals with ASD are considered an important part of the population of the State of Kuwait, libraries and public libraries, in particular, do not pay attention to this segment for several reasons, such as lack of sufficient awareness of ASD. Public libraries` services to individuals with ASD are not clear and need to be investigated. This research attempts to investigate the new role of public libraries in order to serve individuals with ASD and their families in the Kuwait. Data was gathered from individuals with ASD and/or their families by using questionnaires and by interviews with 27 librarians in Kuwaiti public libraries.

scholarly journals Review on Assessment of Anxiety Symptoms of Individuals With Autism Spectrum Disorder

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 84
Author(s):  
Christine K. Syriopoulou-Delli ◽  
Stavroula A. Polychronopoulou ◽  
Gerasimos A. Kolaitis ◽  
Alexandros-Stamatios G. Antoniou
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Sample Size ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Research Papers ◽  
Made In

Background: Review of the criteria of anxiety and its types and subtypes and the instruments and methods used to assess anxiety in people with ASD. Method: A literature search was made in PubMed and PsychINFO for clinically relevant articles and book chapters published between the 1980s and 2017. In addition, research papers were found through National Institute of Health (NIH) publications. Results: A total of 80 were reviewer of anxiety in people with ASD, with different sample size which document the role of anxiety in their difficulties in adaptation and integration. The studies applied a combined total of 34 instruments to diagnose and evaluate the anxiety of individuals with ASD, using several sources, including the individuals themselves. Conclusions: Effective way of assessment is the cross-checking of symptoms using different instruments and several sources of information, including parents, teachers and the individuals themselves.

scholarly journals A systematic review and meta-analysis of studies on metaphor comprehension in individuals with autism spectrum disorder: Do task properties matter?

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 1421-1454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamar Kalandadze ◽  
Valentina Bambini ◽  
Kari-Anne B. Næss
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Syntactic Structure ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Response Format ◽  
Metaphor Comprehension ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractIndividuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often experience difficulty in comprehending metaphors compared to individuals with typical development (TD). However, there is a large variation in the results across studies, possibly related to the properties of the metaphor tasks. This preregistered systematic review and meta-analysis (a) explored the properties of the metaphor tasks used in ASD research, and (b) investigated the group difference between individuals with ASD and TD on metaphor comprehension, as well as the relationship between the task properties and any between-study variation. A systematic search was undertaken in seven relevant databases. Fourteen studies fulfilled our predetermined inclusion criteria. Across tasks, we detected four types of response format and a great variety of metaphors in terms of familiarity, syntactic structure, and linguistic context. Individuals with TD outperformed individuals with ASD on metaphor comprehension (Hedges’ g = −0.63). Verbal explanation response format was utilized in the study showing the largest effect size in the group comparison. However, due to the sparse experimental manipulations, the role of task properties could not be established. Future studies should consider and report task properties to determine their role in metaphor comprehension, and to inform experimental paradigms as well as educational assessment.

scholarly journals Role of fruits, grains, and seafood consumption in blood cadmium concentrations of Jamaican children with and without Autism Spectrum Disorder

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 1134-1145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad H. Rahbar ◽  
Maureen Samms-Vaughan ◽  
Aisha S. Dickerson ◽  
Katherine A. Loveland ◽  
Manouchehr Ardjomand-Hessabi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Seafood Consumption ◽  
Blood Cadmium

scholarly journals Hypothesis: The Role of Sterols in Autism Spectrum Disorder

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan W. Y. Lee ◽  
Elaine Tierney
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Sonic Hedgehog ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Membrane Lipid ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Advanced Imaging ◽  
Opitz Syndrome ◽  
Membrane Physiology

A possible role for sterols in the development of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has not been proven, but studies in disorders of sterol biosynthesis, chiefly Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome (SLOS), enable hypotheses on a causal relationship to be discussed. Advances in genetic technology coupled with discoveries in membrane physiology have led to renewed interest for lipids in the nervous system. This paper hypothesizes on the role of sterol dysfunction in ASD through the framework of SLOS. Impaired sonic hedgehog patterning, alterations in membrane lipid rafts leading to abnormal synaptic plasticity, and impaired neurosteroid synthesis are discussed. Potential therapeutic agents include the development of neuroactive steroid-based agents and enzyme-specific drugs. Future investigations should reveal the specific mechanisms underlying sterol dysfunction in neurodevelopmental disorders by utilizing advanced imaging and molecular techniques.

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