Treatment of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease with Two Sustained-Release Theophylline Preparations

1987 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 352-360
Author(s):  
S. Giosue' ◽  
D Bernocchi ◽  
D. Parola ◽  
R. Munno ◽  
P. Mancini
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Sustained Release ◽  
Slow Release ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Theophylline Concentration ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Theophylline Preparation ◽  
Plasma Theophylline ◽  
Sustained Release Theophylline

A sustained-release theophylline preparation in capsule form was compared with standard slow-release theophylline tablets for variation in plasma theophylline concentration, effectiveness and tolerability in 30 adults with chronic broncho-obstructive pathology. They were administered every 12 h and blood samples were collected after 8 days of treatment during the steady-state period. In this double-dummy crossover study, the sequence of the two regimens (sustained-release capsules versus tablets) was selected at random. The results of this study demonstrate that plasma theophylline levels remain within the therapeutic range for both preparations. Effectiveness and tolerability of the two drugs were satisfactory.

Bioavailability of a New Sustained-Release Anhydrous Theophylline Product

1996 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 331-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Tatsis ◽  
G Tsoukalas ◽  
A Haviaras ◽  
A Peristerakis ◽  
V Filaditaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sustained Release ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease ◽  
New Product ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Maximum Plasma ◽  
Theophylline Concentration ◽  
Time Curve ◽  
Plasma Theophylline ◽  
Anhydrous Theophylline

The bioavailability of a new sustained-release anhydrous theophylline product (Theophylline Lavipharm®) was evaluated and compared with the bioavailability of a well-established product, Theodur®. Two groups of 12 healthy non-smokers were given single doses of 200 or 300 mg of each product and two groups of 12 patients with asthma or chronic obstructive lung disease were given doses of 200 or 300 mg of each product every 12 h for 5-day periods. The values of the area under the plasma theophylline concentration against time curve (AUC), the maximum plasma theophylline concentration ( Cmax) and the time taken to reach Cmax (Tmax) for the two products did not differ significantly in the healthy groups or in the patients. The minimum and the average plasma theophylline concentrations and the fluctuation index were also calculated for the patients and there were no significant differences between the values for the two products. The new anhydrous theophylline product, Theophylline Lavipharm®, appears to show very similar bioavailability to Theodur®. No adverse reactions to the new product were reported.

The Effects of Charcoal and Sorbitol (Alone and in Combination) on Plasma Theophylline Concentrations after a Sustained-Release Formulation

1990 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 179-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.H. Al-Shareef ◽  
D.C. Buss ◽  
E.M. Allen ◽  
P.A. Routledge
Keyword(s):  
Sustained Release ◽  
Slow Release ◽  
Maximum Plasma ◽  
Time Curve ◽  
Release Formulation ◽  
Sustained Release Formulation ◽  
Concentration Time ◽  
Plasma Theophylline ◽  
Healthy Female ◽  
Sustained Release Theophylline

1 The effects of charcoal and sorbitol, alone and in combination, were investigated in eight healthy female volunteers who received 600 mg slow-release theophylline (two 300 mg capsules) . 2 The area under the plasma concentration time curve to 24 h (AUC0-24) after theophylline alone was significantly greater than after both the charcoal and charcoal plus sorbitol phase. 3 Charcoal and charcoal with sorbitol also significantly reduced the maximum plasma theophylline concentration ( Tmax) and time to maximum concentration ( Cmax). 4 Sorbitol significantly increased Cmax and shortened Tmax. 5 Although sorbitol did not reduce the adsorptive efficacy of charcoal, its use alone may be deleterious in poisoning with sustained-release theophylline products.

Study on the Expression Spectrum of miRNAs in Peripheral Blood from Patients and the Value of miR-548h-5p in the Diagnosis of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 1323-1328
Author(s):  
Chun-Tao Li ◽  
Jian-Qing Zhang ◽  
Lu-Ming Dai ◽  
Jia-Qiang Zhang ◽  
Li-Zhou Fang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Differential Expression ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Microarray Analysis ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Qrt Pcr ◽  
Copd Patients

To seek novel miRNAs for the diagnosis of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), this study analyzed the differential expression of miRNA from blood samples of COPD patients and healthy smokers (n = 3) by human microarray analysis. Then, some miRNAs were chosen for qRTPCR validation. A total of 158 miRNAs revealed by microarray analysis have been differentially expressed between the two groups, 33 miRNAs identified to be up-regulated, whereas 125 miRNAs have been down-regulated in COPD. qRT-PCR showed the miR-548h-5p was decreased in the COPD patients compared with healthy smokers (p = 0.04). The sensitivity and specificity of miR-548h-5p to the diagnosis of COPD were 84.6% and 81.8%, respectively. In conclusion, it is recommend that miR-548h-5p as an approach to the diagnosis of COPD.

Frequent Toxicity from IV Aminophylline Infusions in Critically Ill Patients

1977 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leslie Hendeles ◽  
Lyle Bighley ◽  
Robert H. Richardson ◽  
Charles D. Hepler ◽  
Jan Carmichael
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Concentration ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Constant Infusion ◽  
Poor Correlation ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Theophylline Concentration ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Plasma Theophylline

Use of recommended IV aminophylline dosage regimens in 48 older, acutely ill, hospitalized patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) resulted in excessive plasma theophylline concentrations in 29 percent of these patients. A mean dose of 0.89 mg/kg/hr produced a plasma concentration which ranged from 7 to 52 mcg/ml with a mean of 21.9 mcg/ml. Plasma theophylline concentration was determined spectrophotometrically from plasma samples drawn at least 12 hours after a loading dose and initiation of a constant infusion. Severity of toxicity strongly correlated with the plasma theophylline concentration in 18 patients. Nausea and/or vomiting preceded life-threatening drug-induced arrhythmias and seizures less than half the time. Tachycardia was found to be the most consistent symptom associated with toxicity. These patients had lower plasma clearances than otherwise healthy younger adult asthmatics and healthy volunteers. Toxicity and identifiable risk factors for excessive plasma levels strongly correlated with reduced plasma clearance. Dosage modifications based upon plasma clearances from COPD patients without concurrent functional abnormalities and those with liver dysfunction and cardiac decompensation ranged from 0.7 to 0.12 mg/kg/hr. This study clearly demonstrates the poor correlation between dose and plasma concentration and the strong relationship between toxicity and plasma concentration. These results as well as those previously reported mandate that the relatively simple, rapid and inexpensive theophylline plasma measurement be used in all patients receiving IV aminophylline for longer than 24 hours in order to prevent toxicity.

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