In Vivo Evaluation of Micronucleus Frequencies in Buccal Mucosal Cells of Orthodontic Patients with and Without Fluoride Use

2021 ◽  
pp. 030157422110373
Author(s):  
Prasad Chitra ◽  
GS Prashantha ◽  
Arun Rao ◽  
Harshvardhan S Jois
Keyword(s):  
Metal Ion ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Biological Tissues ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Ion Release ◽  
In Vivo Evaluation ◽  
Metal Ion Release ◽  
Mucosal Cells

Introduction: Fluoride agents to prevent white spot lesions are used often during orthodontic treatment. The beneficial effects of fluoride, when consumed within permissible limits on dental structures, are well known. Their implications on underlying biological tissues, however, are unknown. Mouthwashes and dentifrices with fluorides are associated with metal ion release into the mouth with possible cell genotoxicity. Since these cariostatic agents are frequently used during orthodontic therapy, a deeper understanding of the effects of fluoride on oral tissues was considered necessary. Methodology: Three groups of patients (30 each)—group 1 (untreated controls), group 2 (non-fluoridated), and group 3 (Fluoridated) were analyzed. Patients in groups 2 and 3 were bonded with the same bracket prescription and treated with similar archwire sequences. Buccal mucosal cells at 4 specific time periods (before treatment, 1 week, 30 days, and 6 months) were collected, using a wooden tongue depressor, and assessed for any nuclear abnormalities. Comparisons of changes were made with an untreated control group and also between the non-fluoridated and fluoridated groups. Relevant conclusions were drawn after analysis of the results. Results: Greater number of nuclei were observed at the 30-day time interval in the fluoridated group, which was statistically significant at P < .001. Conclusion: Use of fluoridated oral hygiene products in patients undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment with NiTi archwires could increase the risk of micronuclei formation in buccal mucosal cells.

scholarly journals Copper and Cobalt Ions Released from Metal Oxide Nanoparticles Trigger Skin Sensitization

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sung-Hyun Kim ◽  
Jin Hee Lee ◽  
Kikyung Jung ◽  
Jun-Young Yang ◽  
Hyo-Sook Shin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metal Oxide ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Metal Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Skin Sensitization ◽  
Ion Release ◽  
Metal Chlorides ◽  
Cobalt Ions ◽  
Metal Ion Release

Human skins are exposed to nanomaterials in everyday life from various sources such as nanomaterial-containing cosmetics, air pollutions, and industrial nanomaterials. Nanomaterials comprising metal haptens raises concerns about the skin sensitization to nanomaterials. In this study, we evaluated the skin sensitization of nanomaterials comparing metal haptens in vivo and in vitro. We selected five metal oxide NPs, containing copper oxide, cobalt monoxide, cobalt oxide, nickel oxide, or titanium oxide, and two types of metal chlorides (CoCl2 and CuCl2), to compare the skin sensitization abilities between NPs and the constituent metals. The materials were applied to KeratinoSensTM cells for imitated skin-environment setting, and luciferase induction and cytotoxicity were evaluated at 48 h post-incubation. In addition, the response of metal oxide NPs was confirmed in lymph node of BALB/C mice via an in vivo method. The results showed that CuO and CoO NPs induce a similar pattern of positive luciferase induction and cytotoxicity compared to the respective metal chlorides; Co3O4, NiO, and TiO2 induced no such response. Collectively, the results implied fast-dissolving metal oxide (CuO and CoO) NPs release their metal ion, inducing skin sensitization. However, further investigations are required to elucidate the mechanism underlying NP-induced skin sensitization. Based on ion chelation data, metal ion release was confirmed as the major “factor” for skin sensitization.

scholarly journals A Literature Review Study on Atomic Ions Dissolution of Titanium and Its Alloys in Implant Dentistry

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sammy Noumbissi ◽  
Antonio Scarano ◽  
Saurabh Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Dental Implants ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Titanium Implants ◽  
In Vitro Studies ◽  
Ion Release ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Metal Ion Release

This review of literature paper was done in order to conduct a review of the literature and an assessment of the effects of titanium implant corrosion on peri-implant health and success in the oral environment. This paper evaluates and critically reviews the findings of the multiple in-depth in vivo and in vitro studies that are related to corrosion aspects of the titanium and its alloys. A literature survey was conducted by electronic search in Medline and studies that were published between 1940 and August 2018 were selected. The search terms used were types of corrosion, corrosion of titanium implants, titanium corrosion, metal ion release from the titanium implants, fretting and pitting corrosion, implant corrosion, peri implantitis, and corrosion. Both in vivo and in vitro studies were also included in the review. The search and selection resulted in 64 articles. These articles were divided on the basis of their context to different kinds of corrosion related to titanium dental implants. It is evident that metal ions are released from titanium and titanium alloy dental implants as a result of corrosion. Corrosion of implants is multifactorial, including electrical, chemical, and mechanical factors, which have an effect on the peri-implant tissues and microbiota. The literature surveyed showed that corrosion related to titanium and its alloys has an effect on the health of peri-implant soft and hard tissue and the long term survival of metal dental implants. It can be concluded that presence of the long-term corrosion reaction along with continuous corrosion leads to the release of ions into the peri-implant tissue but also to a disintegration of the implant that contribute to material fatigue and even fracture of the abutments and implant body or both. This combined impact of the corrosion, bacterial activity, chemical reactions, and functional stresses are to be looked at as important factors of implant failure. The findings can be used to explore the possible strategies of research to investigate the biological impact of implant materials.

scholarly journals Metal Ion Release, Clinical and Radiological Outcomes in Large Diameter Metal-on-Metal Total Hip Arthroplasty at Long-Term Follow-Up

Diagnostics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 941
Author(s):  
Assunta Pozzuoli ◽  
Antonio Berizzi ◽  
Alberto Crimì ◽  
Elisa Belluzzi ◽  
Anna Chiara Frigo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Hip Arthroplasty ◽  
Hip Arthroplasty ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Harris Hip Score ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ion Release ◽  
Total Hip ◽  
Metal On Metal ◽  
Metal Ion Release

Total hip arthroplasty (THA) with metal-on-metal (MoM) bearings have shown problems of biocompatibility linked to metal ion release at the local level causing an adverse reaction to metal debris (ARMD) and at a systemic level. The aim of this study was to evaluate clinical and radiological outcomes, and metal ion concentrations in the blood and urine of patients who underwent THA with the LIMA Met-Met hip system. Patients with ceramic-on-ceramic (CoC) bearings were included as a control group. In this study, 68 patients were enrolled: 34 with MoM THAs and 34 with CoC THAs. Patients were evaluated clinically (Harris Hip Score, SF-36) and radiologically at a median of 7.4 years after surgery. Whole blood and urinary cobalt and chromium levels were also assessed. Both types of implants were comparable in terms of clinical and functional results. Ion levels were significantly higher in the MoM group compared with CoC group 7 years after surgery. No correlations were found between metal ion levels and patient demographics, functional and radiological outcomes, and prosthesis features. Patient monitoring is thus advised to establish if prosthesis revision is necessary, especially in the case of MoM THA.

scholarly journals Metal ion release from fixed orthodontic appliances--an in vivo study

2011 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 126-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Amini ◽  
A. Jafari ◽  
P. Amini ◽  
S. Sepasi
Keyword(s):  
Metal Ion ◽  
In Vivo Study ◽  
Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Ion Release ◽  
Fixed Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Metal Ion Release

scholarly journals In-Vivo Corrosion Characterization and Assessment of Absorbable Metal Implants

Coatings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mokhamad Fakhrul Ulum ◽  
Wahyu Caesarendra ◽  
Reza Alavi ◽  
Hendra Hermawan
Keyword(s):  
Metal Ion ◽  
Product Formation ◽  
Corrosion Monitoring ◽  
Ion Release ◽  
New Techniques ◽  
Metal Implants ◽  
Metal Ion Release ◽  
Metallurgical Characterization

Absorbable metals have been introduced as materials to fabricate temporary medical implants. Iron, magnesium and zinc have been considered as major base elements of such metals. The metallurgical characterization and in-vitro corrosion assessment of these metals have been covered by the new ASTM standards F3160 and F3268. However, the in-vivo corrosion characterization and assessment of absorbable metal implants are not yet well established. The corrosion of metals in the in-vivo environment leads to metal ion release and corrosion product formation that may cause excessive toxicity. The aim of this work is to introduce the techniques to assess absorbable metal implants and their in-vivo corrosion behavior. This contains the existing approaches, e.g., implant retrieval and histological analysis, ultrasonography and radiography, and the new techniques for real-time in-vivo corrosion monitoring.

In vivo metal-ion release from porous titanium-fiber material

1984 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 293-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Ducheyne ◽  
G. Willems ◽  
M. Martens ◽  
J. Helsen
Keyword(s):  
Metal Ion ◽  
Fiber Material ◽  
Porous Titanium ◽  
Ion Release ◽  
Metal Ion Release ◽  
Porous Titanium Fiber Material

scholarly journals Electrochemical Corrosion and Metal Ion Release Protective Efficiency of the Multilayer TaN Coatings on CoCrMo Biomedical Alloy

2021 ◽  
pp. X
Author(s):  
Ali Kemal ASLAN ◽  
Erkan BAHÇE ◽  
Mehmet Sami GÜLER
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Electrochemical Corrosion ◽  
Multilayer Coatings ◽  
Closed Field ◽  
Ion Release ◽  
Protective Efficiency ◽  
Metal Ion Release

CoCrMo alloy is widely used in artificial orthopedic joint applications due to its high mechanical properties. But, high levels of the metal ion release from alloy surfaces cause variable toxic and allergic effects on the patient in vivo use. This case restricts the lifetime of the implant and results in the failure of the artificial joint. In order to enhance the corrosion resistance and to decrease the metal ion release, alloy surface was multilayer-coated by closed field unbalanced magnetron system. The protective efficiency of the coatings was determined by potentiodynamic polarization tests and static immersion tests were performed for 45, 60 and 90 days in the simulated body fluid in order to understand the effect of the coatings on the metal ion release. The metal ion concentrations in the simulated body fluids were determined by using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry device. The electrochemical corrosion results showed that the multilayer coatings provided 93 % protective efficiency in terms of corrosion resistance. Multilayer coatings decreased the metal ions release levels significantly, especially Co leaking was decreased approximately 52 times compared to uncoated samples.

scholarly journals Titanium alloy miniscrews for orthodontic anchorage: an in vivo study of metal ion release

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 209-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Micéli Guimarães Blaya ◽  
Diego Segatto Blaya ◽  
Paola Mello ◽  
Érico M. M Flores ◽  
Luciana M. Hirakata
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Alloy ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
In Vivo Study ◽  
Orthodontic Anchorage ◽  
Ion Release ◽  
Metal Ion Release
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