scholarly journals Pseudohypertrophy of the left ventricle secondary to anaphylaxis: A case report

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 295-299
Author(s):  
Christopher AHG Wong ◽  
Sivasundari Arumugam
Keyword(s):  
Left Ventricle ◽  
Left Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Wall Thickness ◽  
Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Young Female ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
General Anaesthetic ◽  
Transthoracic Echocardiogram ◽  
Echocardiographic Finding

We report a case of pseudohypertrophy of the left ventricle secondary to hypovolaemia from anaphylaxis. The patient was a healthy young female who developed anaphylaxis during a general anaesthetic. A transthoracic echocardiogram performed during the anaphylaxis crisis demonstrated significant left ventricular hypertrophy. However, when the anaphylaxis had resolved, a follow-up transthoracic echocardiogram demonstrated a normal left ventricular wall thickness. This left ventricular hypertrophy was a pseudohypertrophy as the left ventricular mass was normal and the wall thickness normalised when the hypovolaemia and anaphylaxis had resolved. Pseudohypertrophy of the left ventricle is an echocardiographic finding that suggests hypovolaemia. Furthermore, this echocardiographic finding supports the importance of volume resuscitation in the management of anaphylaxis. This phenomenon may be more frequently reported in the future due to the wider availability of point-of-care ultrasonography along with an increase in the number of physicians trained in echocardiography.

scholarly journals Serum Zinc and Selenium Concentrations in Patients with Hypertrophy and Remodelling of the Left Ventricle Secondary to Arterial Hypertension

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1803
Author(s):  
Paweł Gać ◽  
Karolina Czerwińska ◽  
Małgorzata Poręba ◽  
Adam Prokopowicz ◽  
Helena Martynowicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Left Ventricle ◽  
Left Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Serum Zinc ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Left Ventricular Geometry ◽  
Serum Selenium ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Concentric Hypertrophy

The aim of the study was to assess the relationship between serum selenium and zinc concentrations (Se-S and Zn-S) and the left ventricle geometry in patients suffering from arterial hypertension. A total of 78 people with arterial hypertension (mean age: 53.72 ± 12.74 years) participated in the study. Se-S and Zn-S were determined in all patients. The type of left ventricular remodelling and hypertrophy was determined by the left ventricular mass index (LVMI) and relative wall thickness (RWT) measured by echocardiography. Se-S and Zn-S in the whole group were 89.84 ± 18.75 µg/L and 0.86 ± 0.13 mg/L. Normal left ventricular geometry was found in 28.2% of patients; left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in 71.8%, including concentric remodelling in 28.2%, concentric hypertrophy in 29.5%, and eccentric hypertrophy in 14.1%. LVH was statistically significantly more frequent in patients with Se-S < median compared to patients with Se-S ≥ median (87.2% vs. 56.4%, p < 0.05), as well as in patients with Zn-S < median compared to patients with Zn-S ≥ median (83.8% vs. 60.9%, p < 0.05). In hypertensive patients, older age, higher LDL cholesterol, higher fasting glucose, lower Se-S, and lower Zn-S were independently associated with LVH. In conclusion, in hypertensive patients, left ventricular hypertrophy may be associated with low levels of selenium and zinc in the serum.

scholarly journals Left ventricular hypertrophy in patients treated with regular hemodialyses

2008 ◽  
Vol 61 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 369-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dejan Petrovic ◽  
Biljana Stojimirovic
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Left Ventricle ◽  
Left Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Pressure Overload ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Cardiovascular Morbidity ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Concentric Hypertrophy ◽  
Cardiovascular Morbidity And Mortality

Left ventricular hypertrophy is the main risk factor for development of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in patients on hemodialysis. Left ventricular hypertrophy is found in 75% of the patients treated with hemodialysis. Risk factors for left ventricular hypertrophy in patients on hemodialysis include: blood flow through arterial-venous fistula, anemia, hypertension, increased extracellular fluid volume, oxidative stress, microinflammation, hyperhomocysteinemia, secondary hyperpara- thyroidism, and disturbed calcium and phosphate homeostasis. Left ventricular pressure overload leads to parallel placement of new sarcomeres and development of concentric hypertrophy of left ventricle. Left ventricular hypertrophy advances in two stages. In the stage of adaptation, left ventricular hypertrophy occurs as a response to increased tension stress of the left ventricular wall and its action is protective. When volume and pressure overload the left ventricle chronically and without control, adaptive hypertrophy becomes maladaptive hypertrophy of the left ventricle, where myocytes are lost, systolic function is deranged and heart insufficiency is developed. Left ventricular mass index-LVMi greater than 131 g/m2 in men and greater than 100 g/m2 in women, and relative wall thickness of the left ventricle above 0.45 indicate concentric hypertrophy of the left ventricle. Eccentric hypertrophy of the left ventricle is defined echocardiographically as LVMi above 131 g/m2 in men and greater than 100 g/m2 in women, with RWT ?0.45. Identification of patients with increased risk for development of left ventricular hypertrophy and application of appropriate therapy to attain target values of risk factors lead to regression of left ventricular hypertrophy, reduced cardiovascular morbidity and mortality rates and improved quality of life in patients treated with regular hemodialyses.

Blood Pressure Control and Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in Long-Term Capd and Hemodialysis Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study

2003 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 563-567 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Ihsan Günal ◽  
Erdogan Ilkay ◽  
Ercan Kirciman ◽  
Ilgin Karaca ◽  
Ayhan Dogukan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Left Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Wall Thickness ◽  
Left Atrial ◽  
Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Volume Control ◽  
Left Ventricular Chamber ◽  
Significant Difference

Background It is still not clear whether hypertension and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) are more common in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) than in hemodialysis (HD) patients. Methods To examine this subject, the indices of cardiac performance were compared between 50 HD and 34 CAPD patients. Patients were further divided into two subgroups [long-term (L) CAPD and L-HD] according to dialysis modality and duration of dialysis (more than 60 months’ duration). Results The blood pressure and cardiothoracic index of CAPD patients did not differ from HD patients. On average, the left atrial index was 2 mm/m2 higher in HD patients than in CAPD patients. Left ventricular chamber sizes, wall thickness, and left ventricular mass index (LVMI) in patients on CAPD were similar to those of HD patients. Isovolumic relaxation time (IVRT) of CAPD patients was insignificantly less than that of HD patients (101 ± 22 and 115 ± 27 msec respectively). There was no significant difference between the two subgroups (L-HD and L-CAPD) in blood pressure, left atrial diameter, left ventricular chamber size, wall thickness, LVMI, ejection fraction, or IVRT. Conclusion If normovolemia and normotension are obtained by strict volume control without using antihypertensive drugs, the effects of the two modalities of chronic dialysis treatment (HD and CAPD) on cardiac structure and function are not different from each other.

Aortic stenosis

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Davey ◽  
Jim Newton
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Aortic Valve ◽  
Left Ventricle ◽  
Left Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Aortic Stenosis ◽  
Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Aortic Valve Leaflets ◽  
Reduced Mobility

Aortic stenosis is characterized by thickening and reduced mobility of the aortic valve leaflets and results in restriction to the blood flow from the left ventricle to the aorta, and secondary left ventricular hypertrophy.

scholarly journals P962 The Remodeling Index risk stratifies patients with hypertensive left ventricular hypertrophy

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
T T Le ◽  
J Bryant ◽  
B Ang ◽  
B Su ◽  
S Cook ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Left Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Wall Thickness ◽  
Prognostic Value ◽  
Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Decompensated Heart Failure ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Single Measure ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Remodeling Index

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements National Medical Research Council BACKGROUND Hypertensive left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is associated with increased cardiovascular events. The authors previously developed the Remodeling Index (RI) that incorporated LV volume and wall-thickness in a single measure of advanced hypertrophy in hypertensive patients. PURPOSE This study examined the mechanisms and prognostic potential of the RI in reference with current LVH classifications. METHODS Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) was performed in 400 asymptomatic hypertensive patients. The newly derived RI ([(EDV)^1/3]/t; where EDV is LV end-diastolic volume and t is the maximal wall thickness across 16 myocardial segments) stratified hypertensive patients into 3 groups: without LVH, LVH with normal RI (LVH_Normal-RI) and LVH with low RI (LVH_Low-RI). The primary outcome was a composite of all-cause mortality, acute coronary syndromes, strokes and decompensated heart failure. RESULTS LVH_Low-RI was associated with increased LV mass index, fibrosis burden, impaired myocardial function and elevated biochemical markers of myocardial injury and wall stress. Over 18.3 ± 7.0 months (601.3 patient-years), patients with LVH_Low-RI had more than a 5-fold increase in adverse events compared to those with LVH_Normal-RI (11.6 events/100patient-years versus 2.0 events/100 patient-years, respectively; log-rank P &lt; 0.001; Figure A). The RI provided incremental prognostic value over and above a model consisting of clinical variables and LVH (P = 0.02). Conversely concentric and eccentric LVH were associated with adverse prognosis (4.5 events/100patient-years versus 6.0 events/100patient-years, respectively; log-rank P = 0.62) that was similar as the natural history of hypertensive LVH (5.1 events/100patient-years). CONCLUSIONS The RI provides mechanistic insights and prognostic value that improves risk-stratification of hypertensive LVH. Abstract P962 Figure.

Measurement of Wall Thickness Alone Does Not Accurately Assess the Presence of Left Ventricular Hypertrophy

2007 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Leibowitz ◽  
David Planer ◽  
Fanny Ben-Ibgi ◽  
David Rott ◽  
A. Teddy Weiss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Left Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Wall Thickness ◽  
Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Left Ventricular

scholarly journals Marked Regression of Left Ventricular Hypertrophy after Outflow Desobliteration in HOCM

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zisis Dimitriadis ◽  
Frank van Buuren ◽  
Nikola Bogunovic ◽  
Dieter Horstkotte ◽  
Lothar Faber
Keyword(s):  
Left Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Wall Thickness ◽  
Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Risk Markers ◽  
Icd Implantation ◽  
Maximum Wall Thickness ◽  
Percutaneous Septal Ablation

We present an HOCM patient in whom marked regression of left ventricular hypertrophy occurred within two years following outflow desobliteration by percutaneous septal ablation. Maximum wall thickness (initially documented by both echo and MRI) decreased from 34 mm to 22 mm (followup by echo only due to presence of the ICD), crossing the threshold value of 30 mm which was one of the risk markers that had triggered the primary prophylactic ICD implantation in this case prior to septal ablation.

scholarly journals 585 Natural history of left ventricular hypertrophy in infants of diabetic mothers

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (Supplement_G) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emanuele Monda ◽  
Federica Verrillo ◽  
Michele Lioncino ◽  
Ippolita Altobelli ◽  
Martina Caiazza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Left Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Wall Thickness ◽  
Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
P Value ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Benign Condition ◽  
Infants Of Diabetic Mothers ◽  
Diabetic Mothers

Abstract Aims This study sought to describe the characteristics and the natural course of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in a well-characterized consecutive cohort of infants of diabetic mothers (IDMs). Methods and results Sixty consecutive IDMs with LVH have been retrospectively identified and enrolled in the study. All IDMs were evaluated at baseline and every 6 months until LV wall thickness regression, defined as the decrease of wall thickness measurement into the normal reference range for cardiac parameters (z-score &gt; −2 and &lt;2). A comprehensive assessment was performed in those patients with diagnostic markers suggestive of a different cause and/or without significant reduction of the LVH during follow-up. At 1-year follow-up, all IDMs showed a significant reduction of maximal wall thickness MWT [6.00 mm (IQR: 5.00–712) vs. 5.50 mm (IQR: 5.00–6.00), P-value &lt;0.001; MWT-z-score: 4.86 (IQR: 3.93–7.61) vs. 1.72 (IQR: 1.08–2.85), P-value &lt;0.001] compared to baseline, and all patients showed LV wall thickness regression or residual mild or moderate LVH (57%, 28%, and 12%, respectively), except two patients with persistent severe LVH, that after a comprehensive clinical-genetic assessment were diagnosed as Noonan syndrome with multiple lentigines. At multivariate analysis, MWT was negatively associated with LV wall thickness regression at 1-year follow-up [MWT-mm: OR: 0.48 (0.29–0.79), P-value = 0.004; MWT-z-score: OR: 0.71 (0.56–0.90), P-value = 0.004]. Conclusions LVH in IDMs represents a benign condition with complete regression during the first years of life. In those patients without LV wall thickness regression, combined with clinical markers suggesting a specific disease, a complete work-up is required for a definite diagnosis.

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