scholarly journals Peritonsillar Infiltration with Bupivacaine for Paediatric Tonsillectomy

1994 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 679-682 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Stuart ◽  
F. B. Macgregor ◽  
C. S. Cairns ◽  
H. R. Chandrachud
Keyword(s):  
Pain Score ◽  
Severe Pain ◽  
Blind Study ◽  
Double Blind Study ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Peritonsillar Infiltration ◽  
Induction Of Anaesthesia ◽  
To Receive

In a double-blind study forty-two children scheduled for elective adenotonsillectomy were randomized to receive peritonsillar infiltration, following induction of anaesthesia, with either 0.25% plain bupivacaine or 0.9% saline, 0.5 ml/kg to a maximum of 10 ml. The children were assessed on awakening, and then 10 minutes, 1 hour, 4 hours and 24 hours later. On each occasion the observer gave the child a pain score from 1 (no pain) to 5 (severe pain). The scores on awakening and after 10 minutes were significantly lower in the bupivacaine group (P< 0.05, Mann-Whitney U test). Thereafter there was no difference between the groups. The authors conclude that peritonsillar infiltration with bupivacaine is only moderately useful as analgesia for children having tonsillectomy.

scholarly journals Intravenous chlorpromazine in the acute treatment of episodic tension-type headache: a randomized, placebo controlled, double-blind study

2002 ◽  
Vol 60 (3A) ◽  
pp. 537-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo Eduardo Bigal ◽  
Carlos Alberto Bordini ◽  
José Geraldo Speciali
Keyword(s):  
Acute Treatment ◽  
Tension Type Headache ◽  
Blind Study ◽  
Number Needed To Treat ◽  
Double Blind Study ◽  
Emergency Rooms ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Therapeutic Gain ◽  
Type Headache ◽  
To Receive

Acute headache is a very frequent symptom, responsible for a significant percentage of caseload at primary care units and emergency rooms. Chlorpromazine is easily available in such settings. The aim of this study is to conduct a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study to assess the efficacy of chlorpromazine on the acute treatment of episodic tension-type headache. We randomized 30 patients to receive placebo (10 ml of saline intravenous injections) and 30 patients to receive 0.1 mg/Kg chlorpromazine intravenously. We used 7 parameters of analgesic evaluation. Patients receiving chlorpromazine showed a statistically significant improvement (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01) of pain compared to placebo, far up to 30 minutes after the drug administration. The therapeutic gain was 36.7% in 30 minutes and 56.6 % in 60 minutes. The number needed to treat (NNT, the reciprocal or the therapeutic gain) was 2.7 in 30 minutes and 1.8 in 60 minutes. There were reductions in the recurrence and in the use of rescue medication in the chlorpromazine group. We can conclude that intravenous chlorpromazine is an effective drug to relief the pain in tension-type headache.

scholarly journals Comparison between intrathecal nalbuphine and butorphanol as adjuvants to isobaric ropivacaine in elective lower limb orthopedic surgeries: A prospective, randomized, double blind study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akash Nirmal ◽  
Yashpal Singh ◽  
Sharad Kumar Mathur ◽  
Satish Patel
Keyword(s):  
Postoperative Analgesia ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Primary Outcome Measure ◽  
Blind Study ◽  
Double Blind Study ◽  
Motor Blockade ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Lower Limb Surgery ◽  
To Receive

Background: Intrathecal ropivacaine is now routinely used for lower limb surgery. Adjuvants e.g. fentanyl, dexmedetomidine or morphine etc. are commonly used to prolong the intraoperative anesthesia or postoperative analgesia. The available literature lacks information on use of butorphanol and nalbuphine as adjuvants with 0.75% isobaric ropivacaine. We aimed to compare nalbuphine and butorphanol as adjuvant with isobaric ropivacaine in lower limb orthopedic surgeries. Methodology: After institutional ethical committee approval and informed written consent, a total of 108 patients of ages between 18 to 65 y, of either sex, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) grade ӏ & ӏӏ, scheduled for elective lower limb orthopedic surgeries, were enrolled and  randomly allocated into two groups: Group RN; to receive isobaric ropivacaine (0.75%, 7.5 mg/ml) 2.5 ml plus nalbuphine 500 µg (0.5 ml), and Group RB; to receive isobaric ropivacaine 2.5 ml plus butorphanol 100 µg (0.5 ml) intrathecally. Primary outcome measure was the duration of sensory‑motor blockade from the time of intrathecal drug administration. Statistical analysis was performed by using t-test and chi-square test as applicable. A p < 0.05 was considered as significant. Results: Duration of sensory (p < 0.001) and motor blockade (p = 0.02) was significantly prolonged in nalbuphine group than butorphanol group. Onset of blockade was earlier in nalbuphine group. Duration of motor block and sensory analgesia was prolonged in group RN (p < 0.001). Perioperative hemodynamic parameters and the observed side effects including bradycardia, hypotension, nausea and vomiting, sedation and shivering were comparable between the two groups (p = 0.77). Conclusion: Intrathecal nalbuphine produces prolonged motor blockade as well as postoperative analgesia than intrathecal butorphanol when used as adjuvants to isobaric 0.75% ropivacaine. Citation: Nirmal A, Singh Y, Mathur SK, Patel S. Comparison between intrathecal nalbuphine and butorphanol as adjuvants to isobaric ropivacaine in elective lower limb orthopedic surgeries: A prospective, randomized, double blind study. Anaesth pain & intensive care 2019;23(4)__ Received: 22 August 2019; Reviewed: 8, 9 October 2019; 6, 7 November 2019; Revised: 18 November 2019; Reviewed: 19 November 2019; Accepted: 20 November 2019

Peritonsillar infiltration with bupivacaine and pethidine for relief of post-tonsillectomy pain: a randomised double-blind study

Anaesthesia ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Nikandish ◽  
B. Maghsoodi ◽  
S. Khademi ◽  
S. Motazedian ◽  
R. Kaboodkhani
Keyword(s):  
Blind Study ◽  
Double Blind Study ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Peritonsillar Infiltration

Effect of Corticosteroids on Facial Function after Cerebellopontine Angle Tumor Removal: A Double-Blind Study versus Placebo

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 213-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexis Bozorg Grayeli ◽  
Evelyne Ferrary ◽  
Florence Tubach ◽  
Isabelle Bernat ◽  
Olivier Deguine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Facial Palsy ◽  
Cerebellopontine Angle ◽  
Tumor Resection ◽  
Blind Study ◽  
Double Blind Study ◽  
Tumor Removal ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Facial Function

The aim of this study was to assess the effect of corticosteroids administered intra- and postoperatively on the occurrence of facial palsy after a cerebellopontine angle (CPA) tumor resection, and to investigate pre- and intraoperative prognostic factors. A multicenter, prospective, randomized, double-blind and versus-placebo study was conducted between 2006 and 2010. Three hundred and ten patients operated on for a CPA tumor (96% vestibular schwannomas, 4% miscellaneous) were included by five participating centers. The population was stratified into patients with small (≤15 mm CPA on axial MRI views) and large tumors. In each group, patients were randomized to receive corticosteroid (1 mg/kg/day i.v. methylprednisolone intraoperatively and at postoperative days 1-5) or placebo. Steroids did not affect the facial function at postoperative days 1, 8 and 30 in patients with small or large tumors as evaluated by House and Brackmann grading.

Management of intravaginal warts in women with 5-fluorouracil (1%) in vaginal hydrophilic gel: a placebo-controlled double-blind study

2000 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 371-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanweer A Syed Md ◽  
A Qureshi ◽  
Seyed Ali Ahmad ◽  
Shahida M Ali
Keyword(s):  
Blot Hybridization ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Southern Blot Hybridization ◽  
Clinical Results ◽  
Blind Study ◽  
Double Blind Study ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Hpv Dna ◽  
Hydrophilic Gel ◽  
To Receive

The purpose of this placebo-controlled, double-blind study was to determine the safety, tolerability and clinical efficacy of 5-fluorouracil (1%) in a vaginal hydrophilic gel (hydroxyethylcellulose, 1%) to cure intravaginal papillomas in women. Pre-selected, 60 women ranging between 18 and 50 years of age (mean 24.6), having 312 vaginal condylomas (mean 5.2) joined the study. The diagnosis of human papillomavirus (HPV) was established with clinical, histopathological and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques. Subjects were randomized into 2 parallel groups. Each patient was allocated a pre-coded tube 15 g (active or placebo) with graduated vaginal applicators (disposable), and instructions how to insert 4 g of the trial medication deep into the vagina once at bedtime on every other day (1, 3 and 5) per week, to visit the clinic on day 7 for clinical evaluations and to receive the same pre-coded replacement to continue the regimen for another week. A maximum 12 applications were to be used in 4 weeks. Cure was defined as absence of clinical signs of infection, re-confirmed by PCR and Southern blot hybridization negative HPV DNA. By the end of the treatment 48.4% patients and 51.9% lesions were cured. Breaking the code revealed that 5-fluorouracil (1%) gel had cured 83.3% patients and 87% intravaginal warts. Placebo resolved 13.3% patients and 14% condylomas; (active gel versus placebo; P < 0.001). Twelve patients (20%) mostly in the active gel experienced mild erythema, erosion and oedema, with no drop-outs. Among cured patients 3 had a relapse after 16 months. In conclusion, the clinical results of the study demonstrate that 5-fluorouracil (1%) in a vaginal hydrophilic gel is safe, tolerable and significantly more effective than placebo to cure intravaginal warts in women.

scholarly journals Preoperative Cimetidine — Effects on Gastric Fluid

1980 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 464-468 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. Barnes ◽  
J. H. Havill
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Fluid ◽  
Blind Study ◽  
Double Blind Study ◽  
Gastric Aspirate ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Induction Of Anaesthesia

A double blind study of 44 patients (24 placebo, 20 cimetidine) was undertaken to determine the effect of cimetidine on the pH and volume of gastric fluid during anaesthesia. The pH was significantly higher on cimetidine-treated patients than placebo-treated patients at 0, 15, 30 and 45 minutes following intubation. At induction of anaesthesia, mean pH on cimetidine was 4.5 and on placebo mean pH was 2.0. Approximately 70% of patients on cimetidine and 20% on placebo recorded a pH above 2.5 during anaesthesia. The reason for a pH recording of less than 2.5 in seven patients on cimetidine could not be ascertained. Mean volume of gastric aspirate was slightly lower in the cimetidine group at 0, 15, 30 and 45 minutes, but the differences were not significant.

The effect of administration rate on cisplatin-induced emesis.

1985 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 559-561 ◽  
Author(s):  
N S Jordan ◽  
P K Schauer ◽  
A Schauer ◽  
C Nightingale ◽  
G Golub ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infusion Rate ◽  
Blind Study ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Double Blind Study ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Infusion Group ◽  
Administration Time ◽  
The One ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Administration Rate

In an attempt to determine the influence of administration time on cisplatin-induced emesis, 20 adults previously untreated with cisplatin were enrolled into this double-blind study. Twenty patients were randomly assigned to receive high-dose cisplatin (greater than 100 mg/m2) either by a one-hour infusion or by an eight-hour infusion. All patients received antiemetic therapy with metoclopramide 2 mg/kg intravenously one-half hour before cisplatin administration, and 1 1/2, 3 1/2, 5 1/2, and 8 1/2 hours after cisplatin administration. Patients in the eight-hour infusion group experienced significantly fewer emesis episodes than did patients in the one-hour infusion group. The median of emesis episodes in the eight-hour group was one (range, 0 to 2) and in the one-hour group was three (range, 0 to 8). In patients receiving high-dose cisplatin plus metoclopramide, increasing the administration time from one hour to eight hours resulted in a small but significant decrease in emesis episodes. The cisplatin infusion rate should be considered as a variable in cisplatin-antiemetic trials.

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