Hypothalamus pituitary-ovarian axis in menstrual migraine: effect of dihydroergotamine retard prophylactic treatment

Cephalalgia ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 3 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. 159-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Facchinetti ◽  
G. Sances ◽  
A. Volpe ◽  
D. Sola ◽  
G. D'ambrogio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Prophylactic Treatment ◽  
Menstrual Migraine ◽  
Ovarian Steroids ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Sono Stati ◽  
Before And After

LH, FSH, Prolactin (PRL), Estradiol (E) and Progesterone (P) plasma levels were measured in different periods of the menstrual cycle in 15 control subjects and in 9 women suffering from perimenstrual migraine before and after prophylactic treatment with 10 mg/day dihydroergotamine (DHE) retard. LH, FSH and PRL plasma levels were similar between patients and controls and were unaffected by DHE therapy. Migraineurs showed markedly reduced P levels in the entire luteal phase, concomitantly with higher E levels, leading to a P/E ratio significantly interfering with ovarian steroids secretion. These data indicate the presence of ovarian impairment in women suffering from perimenstrual migraine, whose symptoms could be successfully treated with DHE retard without interfering with the endocrine state. Les variations cicliques de LH, FSH, Prolactine (PRL) de la Estradiol (E) et de la Progesterone (P) ont ete evaluèes chez 15 subjets temoins et chez 9 femmes souffrant de la maladie migraineuse, en conditions de base et au cours d'un traitment prophilactique avec 10 mg par jour de Dihydroergotamine (DHE) rètard. LH, FSH et PRL etaient au meme niveau chez les temoins et les patients et n'ont pas ètè modifiès par le traitment avec DHE rètard; tandis que les taux plasmatiques de la P etaient rèduites et, au contraire, ceux de la E eatient elevèes pendant toute la phase luteale des migraineuses. Par consequence le rapport P/E les patientes etait significativement inferieur que chez les temoins. Le traitment avec la DHE rètard a presque totalement prevenue les accès migraineux, sans modifier le status normonal. Les femmes souffrant de maladie migraineuse au cours du cicle menstruel, notament dans la periode premenstruelle, montrent des affections de la secretion ovarienne qui doivent etre ancore expliquées. En tous cas las symptomatologie peut etre convenablement rèlevèe par le traitment prophilactique avec DHE rètard qui d'ailleur n'a aucune influence sur les secretions hypophisaires et ovariennes. I tassi plasmatici di LH, FSH, Prolattina (PRL), Estradiolo (E) e Progesterone (P) sono stati studiati nel corso del ciclo mestruale in 15 soggetti di controllo e in 9 pazienti affette da emicrania premestruale prima e dopo un trattamento profilattico con Diidroergotamina (DHE) ritardo (10 mg/die). LH, FSH e PRL sono risultati simili nei due gruppi e non ha mostrato variazioni in seguito al trattamento. Durante l'intera fase luteale, i tassi di P delle pazienti sono risultati significativamente ridotti, mentre quelli di E al contrario, erano più elevati, rispetto a quelli dei soggetti di controllo. La terapia con DHE ha pressoché abolito l'insorgenza degli attacchi emicranici, senza interferire con le concentrazioni di E e P. In conclusione, questi dati indicano che le pazienti affette da emicrania perimestruale presentano un'alterazione della funzione ovarica che resta da definire. Il trattamento profilattico conDHE ritardo però, è risultato efficacie nella abolizione delle crisi, senza interferire con le secrezioni ormonali.

SECRETION OF DIHYDROTESTOSTERONE BY HUMAN PROSTATE IN BENIGN PROSTATIC HYPERTROPHY

1974 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 401-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Mahoudeau ◽  
A. Delassalle ◽  
H. Bricaire
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy ◽  
Prostatic Hypertrophy ◽  
Human Prostate ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Peripheral Plasma ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control

ABSTRACT Plasma levels of testosterone (T) and 5α-dihydrotestosterone (DHT) were determined by radioimmunoassay in 29 patients with benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH) and in 56 control men of various ages. No significant difference was found in T, DHT nor DHT/T ratio between BPH and control subjects of similar age. Plasma DHT was higher in the prostatic than in the peripheral veins in 8/9 patients with BPH during laparotomy, indicating a prostatic secretion of DHT. No difference in the mean T nor the mean DHT was found in peripheral plasma before and after adenomectomy.

The inter-relationship of premenstrual symptoms

1995 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 947-955 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Mira ◽  
S. Abraham ◽  
D. McNeil ◽  
J. Vizzard ◽  
P. Macaskill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Premenstrual Symptom ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Factor Scores ◽  
Premenstrual Symptoms ◽  
Mood Symptoms ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Symptom Reports ◽  
And Control

SYNOPSISThe prospective symptom reports of women seeking treatment for premenstrual symptoms and control subjects were investigated. In order to compare symptom reports from premenstrual symptom sufferers and control subjects a method of combining and analysing prospectively collected menstrual cycle symptom data is required. A technique that uses the time of onset of menses and the time of ovulation (as measured by urinary luteinizing hormone excretion) to standardize each cycle into 14 time points was developed. Summary factors were then empirically derived from data collected prospectively from 30 premenstrual symptom sufferers and 19 control subjects. Twenty-two mood symptoms were summarized into a single factor and the 29 most frequently occurring physical symptoms were summarized into two factors. Factor scores were calculated on the basis of these factors and the effect of time during the menstrual cycle on these scores examined. Both physical symptom factor scores increased significantly in the luteal phase for both the premenstrual symptom sufferer group and the control group. The single mood factor score increased significantly in the luteal phase for the premenstrual symptom sufferer group but not for the control group, suggesting that the only qualitative difference between the groups was the presence of cyclic mood symptoms in the premenstrual symptom sufferer group. The premenstrual symptom sufferer group recorded significantly higher scores on each of the three factors than the control group. The correlation between the scores on each of the factors over three cycles was high both in the follicular and luteal phase suggesting that these factor scores provide a reproducible measure of menstrual cycle symptomatology.

scholarly journals Folic acid treatment reduces elevated plasma levels of asymmetric dimethylarginine in hyperhomocysteinaemic subjects

2003 ◽  
Vol 89 (3) ◽  
pp. 359-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirsten B. Holven ◽  
Tor S. Haugstad ◽  
Torbjørn Holm ◽  
Pål Aukrust ◽  
Leiv Ose ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Folic Acid ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Asymmetric Dimethylarginine ◽  
Folic Acid Supplementation ◽  
Endogenous Inhibitor ◽  
Elevated Plasma ◽  
Acid Therapy ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Healthy Control

Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), an endogenous inhibitor of NO synthase, has been suggested to be a novel risk factor for endothelial dysfunction. It has previously been reported that hyperhomocysteinaemia may be associated with impaired endothelium-dependent vasodilation and reduced plasma level of NO-derived endproducts (NOx). In the present study, plasma levels of arginine and ADMA were measured in twenty-one healthy control subjects, and in twenty-one hyperhomocysteinaemic subjects before and after 6 weeks and 12 months of folic acid supplementation, and compared with previously measured plasma NOx values in the hyperhomocysteinaemic subjects. Compared with control subjects, hyperhomocysteinaemic subjects had higher plasma levels of arginine and ADMA. More importantly, folic acid therapy significantly reduced plasma levels of arginine and ADMA. Furthermore, plasma levels of arginine and ADMA were positively correlated with plasma homocysteine levels and negatively correlated with plasma folate, as well as negatively correlated with plasma NOx. Our results suggest that ADMA may be a mediator of the atherogenic effects of homocysteine.

scholarly journals Follicular waves and concentrations of steroids and inhibin A in ovarian venous blood during the luteal phase of the oestrous cycle in ewes with an ovarian autotransplant

1998 ◽  
Vol 156 (3) ◽  
pp. 563-572 ◽  
Author(s):  
CJ Souza ◽  
BK Campbell ◽  
DT Baird
Keyword(s):  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Follicular Development ◽  
Inhibin A ◽  
Ovarian Steroids ◽  
Antral Follicles ◽  
Follicular Wave ◽  
Follicle Diameter ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Follicular Size

The dynamics of ovarian follicular development and the pattern of pituitary and ovarian hormone concentration were investigated during the luteal phase in ewes with autotransplanted ovaries. The follicles were measured by ultrasound and samples of ovarian and jugular venous blood were collected at intervals of 12 h. Blood samples were collected before and after a GnRH challenge (250 ng GnRH, i.v.) to allow the determination of basal and LH-stimulated concentration of ovarian steroids. Throughout the luteal phase, large antral follicles developed in three waves, each of which was preceded by a rise in the concentration of FSH (P < 0.05). The concentrations of oestradiol and androstenedione in the unstimulated and LH-stimulated samples were similar (P > 0.05) during the first 3 days of the luteal phase but differed thereafter, with the LH-stimulated being significantly higher than the basal concentrations (P < 0.05). In the first wave of follicular development the changes in follicular size were accompanied by an increase in the concentration of ovarian steroids and inhibin A. During the second follicular wave, although changes in follicle diameter were similar to the first wave (P > 0.05), the basal concentration of ovarian steroids and inhibin A remained unchanged throughout the period of emergence and demise of the large follicles. These results confirm that the development of large antral follicles during the luteal phase of the sheep occurs in successive waves that are associated with fluctuations in FSH secretion. However while the results strongly suggest that fluctuations in both inhibin A and oestradiol secretion control FSH during the first follicular wave, the cause of the FSH fluctuations associated with waves two and three is unclear. Final resolution of this issue may need to await the development of a specific assay for dimeric inhibin B.

PERIPHERAL PLASMA LEVELS OF 17α-HYDROXYPROGESTERONE, PROGESTERONE AND OESTRADIOL DURING NORMAL MENSTRUAL CYCLES IN WOMEN

1972 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 743-754 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tore H:son Holmdahl ◽  
Elof D. B. Johansson
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Cycle Length ◽  
Gel Chromatography ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Menstrual Cycles ◽  
Peripheral Plasma ◽  
Competitive Protein Binding ◽  
Human Menstrual Cycle

ABSTRACT Liquid-gel chromatography on hydroxyalkoxypropyl Sephadex has been used to separate 17α-hydroxyprogesterone* and progesterone from interfering steroids prior to assay by competitive protein binding. During the luteal phase 0.5 ml of plasma was enough for determinations of both steroids. Fifteen samples could be assayed in less than 48 h. Oestradiol in plasma was assayed by radioimmunoassay. Daily blood samples were collected during 10 normal menstrual cycles in young, healthy women. The average cycle length was 29.7±2.0 (sd) days. 17α-hydroxyprogesterone displayed a midcyclic peak averaging 1.86±0.70 (sd) ng per ml coinciding with a midcyclic peak of oestradiol averaging 16.50± 5.95 (sd) ng per 100 ml of plasma. The highest luteal phase level of 17α-hydroxyprogesterone was 1.94 ±0.72 (sd) ng per ml. The corresponding levels for oestradiol were 9.1 ±3.8 (sd) ng per 100 ml. Progesterone formed a luteal plateau averaging 12.3±2.3 (sd) days. The highest luteal level of progesterone was 14.6±2.1 (sd) ng per ml. The peripheral plasma pattern of 17α-hydroxyprogesterone seems to mimic that of oestradiol during the human menstrual cycle.

Effective Prophylactic Treatments of Migraine Lower Plasma Glutamate Levels

Cephalalgia ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 423-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Ferrari ◽  
L Spaccalopelo ◽  
D Pinetti ◽  
R Tacchi ◽  
A Bertolini
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Prophylactic Treatment ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Objective Measure ◽  
Disease Status ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Migraine Treatment ◽  
Paired Data ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Student’S T

The role of glutamate in migraine treatment has not been much studied, even if this amino acid seems to be crucial in the pathogenesis of migraine. Our aim was to determine if there were differences in the plasma levels of glutamate between migraine patients and control subjects and if plasma levels of glutamate in migraine patients modified after 8 weeks of prophylactic treatment. We studied 24 patients with diagnosis of migraine without aura according to International Classification of Headache Disorders, 2nd edn criteria, and 24 age- and sex-matched healthy subjects, as controls. In migraineurs the level of glutamate was measured before and after 8 weeks of prophylactic treatment (topiramate 50 mg/ day, five patients; amitriptyline 20 mg/day, seven patients; flunarizine 5 mg/day, seven patients; propranolol 80 mg/day, five patients). Venous blood samples were taken in the morning, after overnight fasting, and at least 3 days after the last migraine day. Glutamate levels were measured by means of a fluorimetric detector high-pressure liquid chromatographic method. Plasma levels of glutamate were significantly higher in migraine patients—either before (61.79 ± 18.75 μmol/l) or after prophylactic treatment (17.64 ± 5.08 μmol/l)— than in controls (9.36 ± 2.1 μmol/l) ( P < 0.05, ANOVA followed by Newman-Keuls' test). After prophylactic treatment, with headache frequency reduced, plasma glutamate levels were significantly lower in the same patient with respect to the prior baseline level ( P < 0.0001, Student's t-test for paired data), without any differences depending on the kind of prophylactic drug. Effective prophylactic treatments reducing high glutamate plasma levels found in migraine patients could act on the underlying mechanism that contributes to cause migraine. Plasma glutamate level monitoring in migraine patients might serve as a biomarker of response to treatments and as an objective measure of disease status.

LUTEINIZING HORMONE LEVELS DURING THE MENSTRUAL CYCLE OF THE BABOON (PAPIO HAMADRYAS)

1979 ◽  
Vol 91 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Goncharov ◽  
A. V. Antonichev ◽  
V. M. Gorluschkin ◽  
L. Chachundocova ◽  
D. M. Robertson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Follicular Phase ◽  
Papio Hamadryas ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Plasma Progesterone ◽  
Lh Surge

ABSTRACT The peripheral plasma levels of luteinizing hormone (LH) as measured by an in vitro bioassay method were determined in daily plasma samples collected throughout one menstrual cycle in 8 normally menstruating baboons (Papio hamadryas). In addition LH was measured in plasma at three hourly intervals throughout the day in the follicular, peri-ovulatory and luteal phases of the cycle in 7, 3 and 6 animals respectively. The plasma levels of progesterone and oestradiol were also determined in the same samples throughout the menstrual cycle and during the period of the midcycle LH surge. The circulating LH profile measured throughout the cycle was characterized by a sharp mid-cycle surge (completed within one day) which was followed by a series of LH surges of varying intensity during the luteal phase of the cycle. The initial surge was considered to be pre-ovulatory as indicated by its relationship to the peak of plasma oestradiol and to the first significant increase in the levels of plasma progesterone above values found earlier in the follicular phase. A circadian rhythm of LH was observed during the luteal phase of the cycle; a 3 fold rise in LH was noted during the hours 15.00 to 24.00. No differences were observed throughout the day in the follicular phase of the cycle. The LH profile in three animals studied during the mid-cycle LH surge showed pronounced circadian changes with a major peak at 24.00 h. Plasma progesterone levels during this period rose sharply to values normally found in the mid-luteal phase of the cycle. A comparison of plasma levels of biologically active LH during the menstrual cycle of the baboon with those found in normally menstruating women reveals that in the baboon the LH peak is of much shorter duration and the levels in the follicular and peri-menstrual phases are significantly lower than in the human.

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