A Resorbable Biomaterial Shaped as a Tubular Chamber and Containing Stem Cells: A Pilot Study on Artificial Bone Regeneration

In a previous study, we showed how healing of non-union defects in rabbit radii can be achieved by means of a tubular resorbable chamber, in comparison with untreated defects. In the present study, we placed bone marrow stem cells inside the chamber. Bone marrow was obtained by percutaneous aspiration from the iliac crest in 9 adult New Zealand rabbits. Stem cells were separated by the centrifugation technique. In the same animals, a defect of 10 mm was created in both radii. On the left side, the defect was treated with the poly-DL-Lactide chamber, in which a suspension of autologous cells was injected; on the right side, only autologous cells were used. Radiological and histomorphometric data were compared within this study as well as with the results of our previous study. At 3, 6 and 9 months, there was no healing on the right side. On the left side, progressive bone formation with reunion of the stumps was observed in the chamber. We conclude that stem cells can accelerate bone healing when contained in the tubular chamber.

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Bone marrow mononuclear cells versus mesenchymal stem cells from adipose tissue on bone healing in an Old World primate: can this be extrapolated to humans?

Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia ◽

10.1590/1678-4162-10362 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 71 (3) ◽

pp. 917-928

Author(s):

E. Branco ◽

C.M.F.C. Miranda ◽

A.R. Lima ◽

K.S.M. Silva ◽

R.M. Cabral ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Bone Marrow ◽

Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽

Adipose Tissue ◽

Iliac Crest ◽

Mononuclear Cells ◽

Bone Marrow Mononuclear Cells ◽

Old World ◽

Bone Injury ◽

The Right

ABSTRACT In veterinary medicine, the cell therapy is still unexplored and there are many unanswered questions that researchers tend to extrapolate to humans in an attempt to treat certain injuries. Investigating this subject in nonhuman primates turns out to be an unparalleled opportunity to better understand the dynamics of stem cells against some diseases. Thus, we aimed to compare the efficiency of bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMCs) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from adipose tissue of Chlorocebus aethiops in induced bone injury. Ten animals were used, male adults subjected, to bone injury the iliac crests. The MSCs were isolated by and cultured. In an autologous manner, the BMMCs were infused in the right iliac crest, and MSCs from adipose tissue in the left iliac crest. After 4.8 months, the right iliac crests fully reconstructed, while left iliac crest continued to have obvious bone defects for up to 5.8 months after cell infusion. The best option for treatment of injuries with bone tissue loss in old world primates is to use autologous MSCs from adipose tissue, suggesting we can extrapolate the results to humans, since there is phylogenetic proximity between species.

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Clinical Labeling and Imaging of Transplanted CD133+/CD34+ Stem Cells in Patients with Ischemic Heart Disease

The Heart Surgery Forum ◽

10.1532/hsf98.20111138 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

pp. 116 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Ali Ghodsizad ◽

Viktor Bordel ◽

Brian Bruckner ◽

Mathias Loebe ◽

Gunter Fuerst ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Bone Marrow ◽

Cell Separation ◽

Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery ◽

Iliac Crest ◽

Artery Bypass ◽

Good Manufacturing Practice ◽

Novel Method ◽

End Stage Heart Failure ◽

End Stage

The application of somatic stem cells has been shown to support the recovery of the myocardium in end-stage heart failure. A novel method for the intraoperative isolation and labeling of bone marrow-derived stem cells was established. After induction of general anesthesia, up to 400 mL of bone marrow were harvested from the posterior iliac crest and processed in the operating room under good manufacturing practice conditions by means of the automated cell-selection device Clini-MACS (Miltenyi Biotec). We subsequently injected autologous CD133<sup>+</sup> and CD34<sup>+</sup> stem cells in a predefined pattern around the laser channels in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery and transmyocardial laser procedures. Intraoperative isolation and labeling is an effective cell-separation tool for the future, considering that novel cell markers can be promising new candidates for cell therapy.

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130 Burn Injury Reduces Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Sensitizes Their Adrenergic Receptor Subgroups in a Murine Model

Journal of Burn Care & Research ◽

10.1093/jbcr/irab032.134 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 42 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. S87-S88

Author(s):

Kuzhali Muthumalaiappan ◽

Maria Camargo Johnson ◽

Julia Walczak ◽

Vimal Subramaniam ◽

Anthony J Baldea ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Bone Marrow ◽

Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽

Adrenergic Receptor ◽

Burn Injury ◽

Bone Marrow Cells ◽

Ex Vivo ◽

Traumatic Injury ◽

Hematopoietic Cell ◽

The Right

Abstract Introduction Previous burn and traumatic injury studies have established that adrenergic signaling is increased after burn injury and may lead to an impairment of hematopoietic cell development in the bone marrow (BM). Nonetheless, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which have gained momentum in regenerative medicine also play a predominant role in the BM niche. Understanding the propensity of the adrenergic receptor (AR) response by MSCs can be utilized for devising targeted therapies. However, the traditional plastic adherence procedure using ex vivo culture of BM cells for several weeks may skew the actual characteristics of MSCs. Our current study focused on isolating MSCs from freshly obtained BM in a murine scald burn model with a goal to characterize the expression pattern of native AR subgroups present on BM MSCs as compared to sham mice. Methods Eight, two-month-old adult female mice were subjected to a 15% total body 3rd degree burn or sham burn. The mice were sacrificed 7 days later. Femurs were removed and total bone marrow cells were flushed out. Multi parametric flow cytometry was used to gate for cells negative for hematopoietic cell markers (CD45, CD11B) and positive for MSC markers (CD105, CD106, SSEA, Ly6A) and AR subgroups (α1, α2, β1, β2, β3). We measured the number of BM MSCs, quantified the subtypes of ARs present on MSCs, and compared the ratio of AR antibody binding per total MSC population. Results Overall the frequency of MSCs per million total BM cells decreased by 48% post-burn injury with165,300 ± 194 in sham versus 110,000 ± 30 in burn displayed as bar graph in Panel A. Over 90% of MSCs consistently express β2 AR and only 10% express α2 AR subgroup in both scald and sham burn. Presence of other subgroups ranged from 50% to 80% of MSCs as seen in histograms to the right of dotted line in Panel B. Our AR propensity score based on AR mean fluorescence intensity adjusted to total number of MSCs present was increased by 2.8-fold for α1, 2.5-fold for β1, 1.6-fold for β3, and 1.3-fold for β2 AR subgroups (Panel C). These findings indicate burn injury not only decreases the frequency of BM MSCs but also increases the affinity of certain AR subgroups present on MSCs. Since BM MSCs are the major source of cytokines, chemokines and growth factors; detailed studies on AR mediated signaling in BM MSCs is warranted. Conclusions Polarization of AR signaling in BM MSCs by burn-induced catecholamines may have broader implications for comorbidities such as bone resorption and muscle wasting observed in human patients post burn trauma.

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