Effective Veterinary Clinical Teaching in a Variety of Teaching Settings

This review explores different modalities for clinical teaching of veterinary learners globally. Effective clinical teaching aims to prepare graduates for a successful career in clinical practice. Unfortunately, there is scant literature concerning clinical teaching in veterinary medicine. Our intent for this review is to stimulate and/or facilitate discussion and/or research in this important area. We discuss the different forms that veterinary clinical teaching can take, depending on their setting, which can be university-based clinical activities, work-based in commercial clinical practices, or in a traditional academic setting with little to no real-time exposure to clients and patients. We suggest that each of these modalities has a place in clinical teaching of veterinary learners at any point in the curriculum but that a mix of these approaches will likely provide an improved experience for the learner. Further, we discuss strategies to improve clinical teaching in these different settings. Potential strategies related to the teaching skills of clinical instructors could include training in delivery of clinical teaching in a variety of learning settings, and instructors’ official recognition, including opportunities for career progression. Potential strategies to improve clinical teaching in different teaching settings would vary with the learning settings. For example, in traditional academic settings, case-based learning with incorporation of simulation models is one proposed strategy. The involvement of learners in ‘teach-others’ is a strategy for both traditional academic and clinical settings. Finally, clearly addressing Day One competencies is required in any clinical teaching setting.

From Integrating to Learning: Insights from Spanish L2 Multiple Documents Selection in Reading Tasks

Previous literature has focused on investigating the use of sources in the classroom and how much they contribute to building a coherent mental representation of the texts. These studies explain how integration from multiple document sources occurs; however, their results are limited to the first language and do not inform about the types of these sources or how they are used. In this sense, the objective of this case study is to identify the types of sources used in four courses of a student exchange program in a Chilean University. The data was collected through focus groups with sixty students and in-depth interviews with four professors to determine in what sense the type of document selected could contribute to the learning process. A content analysis was carried out using Nvivo 12 to report on the pedagogical implications of using these sources in a Spanish L2 teaching setting.

Factors affecting cyberloafing in computer laboratory teaching settings

This correlational study investigated the factors affecting cyberloafing behavior in an educational environment, specifically that of a computer laboratory teaching setting. A total of 272 students selected using convenience sampling responded to a questionnaire that collected data about cyberloafing behavior and student demographics, personality type, sense of belonging, motivation, locus of control and teacher evaluation (respect, activities, communication, motivation) as well as computer lab teaching settings and norms. The results indicated that students in computer lab teaching settings cyberloaf mainly for socialization, followed by personal business and news follow-up. Males cyberloaf more frequently than females, especially for personal business and news follow-up. As students’ internet skills increase, so does their cyberloafing, particularly for personal business and socialization. A lack of instructor norms in computer lab lectures and student amotivation are also associated with increases in cyberloafing for personal business, whereas instructors’ respect for students and negative attitudes towards cyberloafing are associated with decreases in cyberloafing for socialization. This paper discusses the study findings in detail and makes recommendations for additional research.

Identifying Teaching Writing Strategies Used by English Teachers at SMK N 3 Singaraja During Remote Teaching

The current study was carried out to identify the teaching writing strategies in remote teaching setting. This study was a case study. The study was conducted at SMK N 3 Singaraja. The participants of the current study were X grade English teachers of the 2020-2021 academic year, which consist of four teachers (2 females and 2 males). In conducting the study, observation and interview guide were used. The data were analyzed with guidance of analyzing qualitative data by Miles, Huberman, & Saldana (2014). The findings showed that the teaching writing strategies implemented by English teachers were guided writing, mind mapping, scaffolding, and dictogloss. In this remote teaching setting, English teachers are encouraged to be more creative in designing instruction and carrying the teaching strategies for teaching writing. Further study is suggested to identify teaching strategies used by English teacher in remote teaching for different language skills.

Contraste de experiencias de estudiantes universitarios en dos escenarios educativos: enseñanza en línea vs. enseñanza remota de emergencia

El objetivo del trabajo fue explorar las experiencias de estudiantes universitarios entorno a la acción instruccional recibida en un escenario de enseñanza en línea, antes de la Covid-19, y en un escenario de enseñanza remota de emergencia, durante la pandemia. Para ello, se optó por realizar un estudio transversal-correlacional con muestreo no probabilístico de participantes voluntarios; la muestra estuvo conformada por 301 estudiantes matriculados en una universidad mexicana. Para contrastar las experiencias de un mismo grupo de estudiantes en los dos escenarios, se diseñó un cuestionario autoaplicado de escala tipo Likert compuesto de 24 ítems; el análisis de los datos se realizó mediante el cálculo de frecuencias porcentuales y, además, se aplicó la prueba t de Student para muestras relacionadas. Se constató que las medias fueron mayores para el escenario de enseñanza en línea en comparación con el escenario de enseñanza remota de emergencia, aunque solo se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entorno al diseño instruccional, la evaluación de los aprendizajes y la participación de los estudiantes en las asignaturas. Los resultados también ponen de manifiesto un par de limitaciones metodológicas y, a la vez, un conjunto de preguntas que abren líneas futuras de trabajo. The objective of these work was to explore the experiences of university students about the instructional action in an online teaching setting, before Covid-19, and in emergency remote teaching setting, during the pandemic. For this, a cross sectional-correlational study with non-probabilistic sampling of voluntary participants was carried out; the sample consisted of 301 students enrolled in a Mexican university. To contrast the experiences of the same group of students in the two scenarios, a self-applied Likert-type questionnaire was designed, composed of 24 items; the data analysis was performed calculating percentage frequencies, and in addition Student's t test was applied for related samples. It was found that the means were higher for the online teaching scenario compared to the emergency remote teaching scenario, although statistically significant differences were only found regarding the instructional design, the evaluation of learning and the participation of students in the subjects. The results also reveal a couple of methodological limitations and, at the same time, a set of questions that open future lines of work.

From Traditional Science Teaching to the i2Flex Classroom

The chapter contains a personal reflection of the challenges encountered when a multilayered job transition took place: a PhD scholar doing scientific research and teaching in the Greek high-school system with traditional means and teaching philosophy transformed into an IB (International Baccalaureate) Science teacher using a constructivist teaching approach and technology tools to facilitate instruction. It is discussed how the i2Flex methodology was instrumental in guiding this transition. Relevant interventions in the IB classroom are described and discussed. An account of how previous experience in different sectors affected this transition is presented. Finally, i2Flex-based practices promoting student engagement and fair assessment in a fully online teaching setting are discussed.

Secondary pre-service teachers’ reflections on their micro-teaching: Feedback and self-evaluation

Reflective practices in pre-service teacher education enables teachers to evaluate their pedagogical skills. This study aimed to integrate different assessment techniques such as peer assessment, lecturer assessment and self-assessment in a micro-teaching setting. Using 20 pre-service teachers post-microteaching (MT) reflection, we explored how these teachers viewed peer feedback and lecturer feedback. This study also analyses how pre-service teachers self-evaluate their MT. The findings indicate that per-service teachers find both peer and lecturer feedback useful in terms of in terms of identifying their strengths and weaknesses as well as proving incentives for improvement. Furthermore, the findings show that when engaged in self-evaluation, the pre-service teachers tend to focus more on self-knowledge. The findings reaffirm the importance of peer and self-evaluation in teacher education.

FEEDBACK USE AND PERCEPTIONS OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION PRE-SERVICE TEACHERS

The purpose of this study was to explore the use of feedback and perceptions of the use of feedback by pre-service teachers in peer-teaching (instructing their peers in university classes) and practical placement settings (teaching in schools). Pre-service teachers specializing in primary physical education (PE) and one other teaching method (n=59) were observed while teaching a 15-minute lesson in a peer-teaching setting, with six participants also observed while teaching on practical placement. Participants retrospectively recalled the feedback they perceived providing during the lesson. Average feedback frequency rate was once every 56 seconds in peer-teaching and once every 86 seconds in practical placement. The most common type of feedback provided was verbal, non-skill related, positive feedback. Pre-service teachers perceived that they provided feedback significantly more often than they actually did (every 41 seconds versus every 56 seconds in peer-teaching). In peer-teaching, pre-service teachers perceived that they provided significantly more non-verbal, negative, knowledge of results, descriptive, and corrective types of feedback than they actually provided, whereas they perceived that they had provided significantly less verbal, non-skill related, positive, knowledge of performance, prescriptive, and terminal types of feedback than they actually provided (p<01). Pre-service teachers provided feedback frequently in peer-teaching and practical placement settings, but less often in practical placement than peer-teaching. Actual and perceived feedback frequencies differed significantly and suggest that pre-service teachers may not always be aware of how often and the type of feedback they are providing, highlighting that PE teacher education programs may need to work with pre-service teachers to develop self-awareness.

Washback in Language Testing: An Exploration with a Focus on a Specific EFL Context in Oman

The notion of washback has been a widespread topic in language teaching and testing literature and has been discussed and looked at from various perspectives. The significance of the topic emerges from the fact that the consequences of tests greatly determine or shape the nature of language teaching, learning, and testing. This paper aims to explore the notion of washback based on current perspectives in the literature and the needs of a specific teaching setting, which is the language Program at Oman Tourism College (OTC). The Literature Review section reviews the literature trying to shed light on the notion of washback as a core construct in language teaching and learning. The second section will discuss the influences of washback in ELT with a special reference to a teaching context. Finally, some useful implications are drawn to come up with recommendations for increasing the positive washback and reducing the negatively of it.

Effects of the use of Documentary Videos in Teaching Setting-out in Nigerian Secondary Schools

The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of the use of documentary videos in teaching setting-out in Nigerian secondary schools. One research question and one hypothesis guided the study. The study adopted Quasi-experimental research design. The population for the study was 16 ST 1 students from Government Technical Training School, Jalingo offering Building Construction subject. There was no sampling. The instrument for data collection was Setting-out Test (ST) developed by the researcher. The instrument was validated by three experts. Test re-test was used to establish the reliability of the instrument and a reliability coefficient of 0.83 and 0.87 was obtained for the traditional and documentary video teaching methods respectively. The ST 1 students were arranged in intact groups, A and B; treatment was given to the two groups. Group a students were taught using the traditional method while Group B students were taught using the documentary video. A Pre-Test and Post-test was administered on the two groups under examination condition. The data obtained were analyzed using mean, standard deviation for research question and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) for the hypothesis. Findings from the study indicated that students taught Setting-out with documentary videos performed better than those taught with the traditional teaching method; and there was a significant difference in the performance of students taught Setting-out with documentary video and those taught with traditional teaching method. Based on the findings some recommendations were made