The immune response in trichloroethylene hypersensitivity syndrome: A review

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (11) ◽  
pp. 876-883 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia-xiang Zhang ◽  
Na Li ◽  
Hui Wang ◽  
Tong Shen ◽  
Qi-xing Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Immune Dysfunction ◽  
Hypersensitivity Syndrome ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Organ Injury ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Organic Substances ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Future Research Directions

Trichloroethylene (TCE) has been used for a variety of industrial and consumer cleaning purposes because of its ability to dissolve organic substances. The multisystem injuries include those of skin, liver, and kidney, which are defined as TCE hypersensitivity syndrome (THS). THS is a serious occupational health issue. However, the mechanism of immune dysfunction leading to organ injury is poorly understood. Many studies reveal that skin lesions and organ injury caused by TCE are consistent with type IV hypersensitivity, also called delayed hypersensitivity, mediated by T cells. However, many researchers found T cell-mediated type IV hypersensitivity could not account for the pathogenesis of THS fully. Humoral immunity, including immunoglobulins and complement activation, may also play a possible role in THS pathogenesis. This review will describe the history, current understanding, and future research directions of the mechanism of THS.

Sulfur mustard skin lesions: A systematic review on pathomechanisms, treatment options and future research directions

2018 ◽  
Vol 293 ◽  
pp. 82-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorothee Rose ◽  
Annette Schmidt ◽  
Matthias Brandenburger ◽  
Tabea Sturmheit ◽  
Marietta Zille ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Sulfur Mustard ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Future Research Directions

Developing Management from Islamic Perspectives (MIP) as a Formal Academic Discipline

2009 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-69
Author(s):  
Shamas-Ur-Rehman Toor
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Academic Discipline ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Business Practices ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
International Consortium ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Scholarly Attention

Management from Islamic Perspectives (MIP) is an emerging field that has begun to attract scholarly attention. However, the research undertaken so far has been rather fragmented and lack a clear agenda. This paper presents a literature review of the field and the areas of current focus. Although the field has a huge growth potential, I argue that it faces several challenges and problems as it develops further. I outline these potential pitfalls, suggest how to develop MIP as a formal discipline, and explain how to integrate it within real-life business practices. The article closes with a call for research to be conducted in a more organized fashion through an international consortium of researchers as well as recommendations for future research directions.

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