Corpus Callosum Growth and Neurodevelopmental Outcome Are Negatively Influenced by Systemic Infection in Very Low-Birth-Weight Infants

2021 ◽  
pp. 088307382110162
Author(s):  
Peter Korček ◽  
Zuzana Korčeková ◽  
Ivan Berka ◽  
Jáchym Kučera ◽  
Zbyněk Straňák
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Corpus Callosum ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Outcome ◽  
Systemic Infection ◽  
Cerebral White Matter ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Outcomes ◽  
Long Term Outcome ◽  
Increased Risk

Systemic infection may negatively modulate the development of cerebral white matter and long-term outcome of neonates. We analyzed the growth of corpus callosum (using cranial ultrasonography) and neurodevelopment (Bayley Scales of Infant Development, Third Edition) in 101 very low-birth-weight newborns. We observed significantly reduced corpus callosum length at 3 months of corrected age (44.5 mm vs 47.7 mm, P = .004) and diminished corpus callosum growth (0.07 mm/d vs 0.08 mm/d, P = .028) in infants who experienced systemic infection. The subgroup exhibited inferior neurodevelopmental outcomes with predominant motor impairment. The results suggest that length and growth of corpus callosum might be affected by systemic inflammatory response in preterm newborns. The changes in corpus callosum can contribute to adverse neurodevelopment at 2 years of corrected age. Serial ultrasonographic measurements of the corpus callosum may be suitable to identify preterm infants with increased risk of neurodevelopmental impairment.

Low birth weight, very low birth weight and extremely low birth weight in African children aged between 0 and 5 years old: a systematic review

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 408-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. E. Tchamo ◽  
A. Prista ◽  
C. G. Leandro
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Outcome ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Extremely Low Birth Weight ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
African Children ◽  
Increased Risk

Low birth weight (LBW<2500), very low birth weight (VLBW<1500), extremely low birth weight (ELBW<1500) infants are at high risk for growth failure that result in delayed development. Africa is a continent that presents high rates of children born with LBW, VLBW and ELBW particularly sub-Saharan Africa. To review the existing literature that explores the repercussions of LBW, VLBW and ELBW on growth, neurodevelopmental outcome and mortality in African children aged 0–5 years old. A systematic review of peer-reviewed articles using Academic Search Complete in the following databases: PubMed, Scopus and Scholar Google. Quantitatives studies that investigated the association between LBW, VLBW, ELBW with growth, neurodevelopmental outcome and mortality, published between 2008 and 2015 were included. African studies with humans were eligible for inclusion. From the total of 2205 articles, 12 articles were identified as relevant and were subsequently reviewed in full version. Significant associations were found between LBW, VLBW and ELBW with growth, neurodevelopmental outcome and mortality. Surviving VLBW and ELBW showed increased risk of death, growth retardation and delayed neurodevelopment. Post-neonatal interventions need to be carried out in order to minimize the short-term effects of VLBW and ELBW.

Neurodevelopmental Outcomes of Very Low Birth Weight Infants at 18–24 Months, Corrected Gestational Age in a Tertiary Health Centre: A Prospective Cohort Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (6) ◽  
pp. 552-560
Author(s):  
Samuel P Oommen ◽  
Sridhar Santhanam ◽  
Hima John ◽  
Reeba Roshan ◽  
T O Swathi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Outcome ◽  
Developmental Outcome ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Outcomes ◽  
Vlbw Infants ◽  
Neonatal Complications

Abstract Objective To determine the prevalence and risk factors for poor neurodevelopmental outcome in a cohort of very low birth weight (VLBW) infants. Subjects and methods Four hundred and twenty-two infants of a total of 643 VLBW survivors from a teaching hospital in South India were followed up to assess their neurodevelopmental outcomes. Results Among the 422 children who completed the assessment, results of 359 children whose assessments were done between 18 and 24 months were analysed. Thirty-seven children (10.31%) had poor neurodevelopmental outcome, six children [1.67%] had cerebral palsy, one child had visual impairment and another had hearing impairment. Poor post-natal growth was independently associated with poor neurodevelopmental outcomes in the multivariate analysis (p = 0.045). Neonatal complications were not associated with the developmental outcome. Conclusion Despite lower rates of neonatal complications compared with Western cohorts, significant proportion of VLBW infants had poor neurodevelopmental outcomes. Poor post-natal growth was an important determinant of the developmental outcome

scholarly journals Infant’s Behaviour Checklist for low birth weight infants and later neurodevelopmental outcome

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hideki Kihara ◽  
Hisako Nakano ◽  
Tomohiko Nakamura ◽  
Hirotaka Gima
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Outcome ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Early Infancy ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Outcomes ◽  
Spontaneous Movements ◽  
Behavioural Characteristics

AbstractAssessment of the characteristics of spontaneous movements and behaviour in early infancy helps in estimating developmental outcomes. We introduced the Infant Behaviour Checklist (IBC) and examined the relationship between the behavioural characteristics of low-birth-weight infants and neurodevelopmental outcomes at 6 years of age. The behavioural characteristics during the neonatal (36–43 weeks, adjusted) and early infancy periods (49–60 weeks, adjusted) were assessed in very-low-birth-weight infants. The IBC includes 44 common behaviours. We assessed the appearance of individual behavioural characteristics at each period according to the neurodevelopmental outcome. Of the 143 infants assessed during the neonatal period, 89 had typical development (TD), 30 had intellectual disability (ID), and 24 had autism spectrum disorder (ASD). In 78 infants assessed during early infancy, 40, 21, and 17 had TD, ID, and ASD, respectively. The frequency of appearance of three behaviour-related items was significantly lower in the ID group than in the TD group. The frequency of appearance of three posture- and behaviour-related items was significantly lower, while that of two posture-related items was significantly higher, in the ASD group than in the TD group. Behavioural assessment using the IBC may provide promising clues when considering early intervention for low-birth-weight infants.

scholarly journals Impact of Different Types of Nosocomial Infection on the Neurodevelopmental Outcome of Very Low Birth Weight Infants

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 207
Author(s):  
Karin Pichler ◽  
Vito Giordano ◽  
Gereon Tropf ◽  
Renate Fuiko ◽  
Angelika Berger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Outcome ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Significant Risk Factor ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Outcomes ◽  
The Impact

Nosocomial infections (NIs) are important conditions associated with mortality and morbidity in very low birth weight infants (VLBWIs). The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of NIs and the different subtypes on neurodevelopmental outcomes in a cohort of VLBWIs. VLBWIs born with a gestational age between 23 0/7 and 31 6/7 weeks in a level III neonatal center were enrolled. Neonatal morbidities as well as the neurodevelopmental outcome at 2 years of corrected age were analyzed. Six-hundred infants completed the study successfully. Of these, 38% experienced an NI episode. NIs were associated with an increased risk of neonatal complications, such as brain injury, bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and death, and were a significant risk factor for adverse motor development at 2 years of corrected age in our cohort of VLBWIs. The negative impact of NIs on neurodevelopmental outcomes was particularly associated with necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), suspected NIs and Gram-positive NIs. This study demonstrated that NIs are a significant risk factor for both morbidity and mortality as well as adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes in VLBWIs.

scholarly journals Growth and Neurodevelopmental Outcome in Preterm LBW Infants with Sepsis in India: A Prospective Cohort

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunil J. Pawar ◽  
Tejopratap Oleti ◽  
Siluvery Bharathi ◽  
Shyamsunder Tipparaju ◽  
Ershad Mustafa
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Neonatal Sepsis ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Outcome ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Outcomes ◽  
Poor Growth ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Significant Difference

Objective. Neonatal sepsis is associated with abnormal neurodevelopmental outcomes but not with poor growth at 9 to 15 months of corrected age in LBW infants. Design, Setting, and Participants. This is a prospective cohort study involving 128 eligible preterm low-birth-weight (LBW) infants admitted during the period of 2013-2014 to the Durgabai Deshmukh Hospital and Research Center. All patients were followed up in the outpatient Department of Pediatrics. They were divided into the sepsis and nonsepsis group. Results. A total of 94 infants were evaluated (40 in sepsis and 54 in nonsepsis group). At the age of 9–15 months, low-birth-weight infants with neonatal sepsis had an increased risk of neurodevelopmental disorders (67.5 versus 20.3%; RR: 3.31 (1.87–5.85)). There is no statistically significant difference in the growth outcomes. Conclusion. Neonatal infections are associated with the abnormal neurodevelopmental outcomes in LBW infants but there was no significant difference at growth outcome at 9 to 15 months of corrected age between both groups.

Hypotension within 1 week of life associated with poor short- and long-term outcomes in very low birth weight infants

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (8) ◽  
pp. 1037-1041
Author(s):  
Tae-Hoon Kim ◽  
Cheong-Jun Moon ◽  
In K. Sung ◽  
Young A. Youn
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Periventricular Leukomalacia ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Outcomes ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Overall Mortality

AbstractWe examined whether hypotension in very low birth weight infants aged⩽1 week was associated with hospital morbidities and overall mortality. Further, we studied whether hypotension was associated with poor neurodevelopmental outcomes in these patients at the corrected age of 18 months. A total of 166 very low birth weight infants were studied during this period. Hospital outcomes and neurodevelopmental outcomes at the corrected age of 18 months were evaluated. Among the 166 very low birth weight infants, 95 patients (57.2%) experienced hypotension at⩽1 week and were associated with an increased incidence of morbidities and mortality. At the corrected age of 18 months, hypotension of the⩽1 week group had significantly lower scores in all three – cognitive, language, and motor – composites of the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, Third Edition (Bayley-III) screening tests. In addition, a multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that longer mechanical ventilation and periventricular leukomalacia were additionally associated with worse cognitive and language neurodevelopmental outcomes. Hypotension in very low birth weight infants within 1 week of life was associated with increased morbidities and overall mortality. It was also associated with an increased risk of cognitive and language outcomes.

Biometry of the corpus callosum assessed by 3D ultrasound and its correlation to neurodevelopmental outcome in very low birth weight infants

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 448-453 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Klebermass-Schrehof ◽  
S Aumüller ◽  
K Goeral ◽  
K Vergesslich-Rothschild ◽  
R Fuiko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Corpus Callosum ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Outcome ◽  
3D Ultrasound ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants

scholarly journals Neurodevelopmental outcome of preterm very low birth weight infants admitted to an Italian tertiary center over an 11-year period

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefania Longo ◽  
Camilla Caporali ◽  
Camilla Pisoni ◽  
Alessandro Borghesi ◽  
Gianfranco Perotti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Outcome ◽  
International Studies ◽  
Perinatal Complications ◽  
Neurological Assessment ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Tertiary Center

AbstractPreterm very low birth weight infants (VLBWi) are known to be at greater risk of adverse neurodevelopmental outcome. Identifying early factors associated with outcome is essential in order to refer patients for early intervention. Few studies have investigated neurodevelopmental outcome in Italian VLBWi. The aim of our longitudinal study is to describe neurodevelopmental outcome at 24 months of corrected age in an eleven-year cohort of 502 Italian preterm VLBWi and to identify associations with outcome. At 24 months, Griffiths’ Mental Developmental Scales were administered. Neurodevelopmental outcome was classified as: normal, minor sequelae (minor neurological signs, General Quotient between 76 and 87), major sequelae (cerebral palsy; General Quotient ≤ 75; severe sensory impairment). 75.3% showed a normal outcome, 13.9% minor sequelae and 10.8% major sequelae (3.8% cerebral palsy). Male gender, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, abnormal neonatal neurological assessment and severe brain ultrasound abnormalities were independently associated with poor outcome on multivariate ordered logistic regression. Rates of major sequelae are in line with international studies, as is the prevalence of developmental delay over cerebral palsy. Analysis of perinatal complications and the combination of close cUS monitoring and neurological assessment are still essential for early identification of infants with adverse outcome.

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