scholarly journals Growth and Neurodevelopmental Outcome in Preterm LBW Infants with Sepsis in India: A Prospective Cohort

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunil J. Pawar ◽  
Tejopratap Oleti ◽  
Siluvery Bharathi ◽  
Shyamsunder Tipparaju ◽  
Ershad Mustafa
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Neonatal Sepsis ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Outcome ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Outcomes ◽  
Poor Growth ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Significant Difference

Objective. Neonatal sepsis is associated with abnormal neurodevelopmental outcomes but not with poor growth at 9 to 15 months of corrected age in LBW infants. Design, Setting, and Participants. This is a prospective cohort study involving 128 eligible preterm low-birth-weight (LBW) infants admitted during the period of 2013-2014 to the Durgabai Deshmukh Hospital and Research Center. All patients were followed up in the outpatient Department of Pediatrics. They were divided into the sepsis and nonsepsis group. Results. A total of 94 infants were evaluated (40 in sepsis and 54 in nonsepsis group). At the age of 9–15 months, low-birth-weight infants with neonatal sepsis had an increased risk of neurodevelopmental disorders (67.5 versus 20.3%; RR: 3.31 (1.87–5.85)). There is no statistically significant difference in the growth outcomes. Conclusion. Neonatal infections are associated with the abnormal neurodevelopmental outcomes in LBW infants but there was no significant difference at growth outcome at 9 to 15 months of corrected age between both groups.

scholarly journals Infant’s Behaviour Checklist for low birth weight infants and later neurodevelopmental outcome

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hideki Kihara ◽  
Hisako Nakano ◽  
Tomohiko Nakamura ◽  
Hirotaka Gima
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Outcome ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Early Infancy ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Outcomes ◽  
Spontaneous Movements ◽  
Behavioural Characteristics

AbstractAssessment of the characteristics of spontaneous movements and behaviour in early infancy helps in estimating developmental outcomes. We introduced the Infant Behaviour Checklist (IBC) and examined the relationship between the behavioural characteristics of low-birth-weight infants and neurodevelopmental outcomes at 6 years of age. The behavioural characteristics during the neonatal (36–43 weeks, adjusted) and early infancy periods (49–60 weeks, adjusted) were assessed in very-low-birth-weight infants. The IBC includes 44 common behaviours. We assessed the appearance of individual behavioural characteristics at each period according to the neurodevelopmental outcome. Of the 143 infants assessed during the neonatal period, 89 had typical development (TD), 30 had intellectual disability (ID), and 24 had autism spectrum disorder (ASD). In 78 infants assessed during early infancy, 40, 21, and 17 had TD, ID, and ASD, respectively. The frequency of appearance of three behaviour-related items was significantly lower in the ID group than in the TD group. The frequency of appearance of three posture- and behaviour-related items was significantly lower, while that of two posture-related items was significantly higher, in the ASD group than in the TD group. Behavioural assessment using the IBC may provide promising clues when considering early intervention for low-birth-weight infants.

Outcomes of Extremely Low Birth Weight Infants

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 98 (5) ◽  
pp. 931-937 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maureen Hack ◽  
Harriet Friedman ◽  
Avroy A. Fanaroff
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Outcome ◽  
Neonatal Morbidity ◽  
Delivery Room ◽  
Extremely Low Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Outcomes ◽  
Dexamethasone Therapy ◽  
Perinatal Center

Background. Our goal was to determine the effects of recent changes in delivery room and neonatal care, including surfactant and dexamethasone therapy, on survival, neonatal morbidity, and 20-month neurodevelopmental outcome of infants with birth weights of less than 750 g. Methods. We compared the outcomes of 114 infants of 500 to 750 g birth weight delivered at our perinatal center between January 1990 and December 1992 (period II), when surfactant and postnatal dexamethasone were used, with the outcomes of 166 such infants born between July 1982 and June 1988 (period I). Results. The rate of cesarean section increased from 17% to 27% and delivery room intubation increased from 54% to 72% during periods I and II, respectively. Survival increased from 23% during period I to 43% during period II. The increase in survival was significant at birth weights of 600 to 700 g and at 24 weeks' gestation and greater. During period II fewer infants died at less than 24 hours of age and more died at more than 28 days of life. Neonatal morbidity did not change appreciably; neither did 20-month neurodevelopmental outcomes. Twenty percent of the infants had subnormal cognitive function (Mental Development Indices < 70) and 10% had cerebral palsy during period II. Conclusions. Despite an increase in survival during 1990 to 1992, the neonatal and early childhood outcomes of the survivors were unchanged. Physicians and parents anticipating the delivery of extremely low birth weight infants must be aware of these outcomes to make informed decisions as to the advisability of aggressive care at birth and thereafter.

scholarly journals Impact of Different Types of Nosocomial Infection on the Neurodevelopmental Outcome of Very Low Birth Weight Infants

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 207
Author(s):  
Karin Pichler ◽  
Vito Giordano ◽  
Gereon Tropf ◽  
Renate Fuiko ◽  
Angelika Berger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Outcome ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Significant Risk Factor ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Outcomes ◽  
The Impact

Nosocomial infections (NIs) are important conditions associated with mortality and morbidity in very low birth weight infants (VLBWIs). The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of NIs and the different subtypes on neurodevelopmental outcomes in a cohort of VLBWIs. VLBWIs born with a gestational age between 23 0/7 and 31 6/7 weeks in a level III neonatal center were enrolled. Neonatal morbidities as well as the neurodevelopmental outcome at 2 years of corrected age were analyzed. Six-hundred infants completed the study successfully. Of these, 38% experienced an NI episode. NIs were associated with an increased risk of neonatal complications, such as brain injury, bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and death, and were a significant risk factor for adverse motor development at 2 years of corrected age in our cohort of VLBWIs. The negative impact of NIs on neurodevelopmental outcomes was particularly associated with necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), suspected NIs and Gram-positive NIs. This study demonstrated that NIs are a significant risk factor for both morbidity and mortality as well as adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes in VLBWIs.

Corpus Callosum Growth and Neurodevelopmental Outcome Are Negatively Influenced by Systemic Infection in Very Low-Birth-Weight Infants

2021 ◽  
pp. 088307382110162
Author(s):  
Peter Korček ◽  
Zuzana Korčeková ◽  
Ivan Berka ◽  
Jáchym Kučera ◽  
Zbyněk Straňák
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Corpus Callosum ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Outcome ◽  
Systemic Infection ◽  
Cerebral White Matter ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Outcomes ◽  
Long Term Outcome ◽  
Increased Risk

Systemic infection may negatively modulate the development of cerebral white matter and long-term outcome of neonates. We analyzed the growth of corpus callosum (using cranial ultrasonography) and neurodevelopment (Bayley Scales of Infant Development, Third Edition) in 101 very low-birth-weight newborns. We observed significantly reduced corpus callosum length at 3 months of corrected age (44.5 mm vs 47.7 mm, P = .004) and diminished corpus callosum growth (0.07 mm/d vs 0.08 mm/d, P = .028) in infants who experienced systemic infection. The subgroup exhibited inferior neurodevelopmental outcomes with predominant motor impairment. The results suggest that length and growth of corpus callosum might be affected by systemic inflammatory response in preterm newborns. The changes in corpus callosum can contribute to adverse neurodevelopment at 2 years of corrected age. Serial ultrasonographic measurements of the corpus callosum may be suitable to identify preterm infants with increased risk of neurodevelopmental impairment.

Hypotension within 1 week of life associated with poor short- and long-term outcomes in very low birth weight infants

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (8) ◽  
pp. 1037-1041
Author(s):  
Tae-Hoon Kim ◽  
Cheong-Jun Moon ◽  
In K. Sung ◽  
Young A. Youn
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Periventricular Leukomalacia ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Outcomes ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Overall Mortality

AbstractWe examined whether hypotension in very low birth weight infants aged⩽1 week was associated with hospital morbidities and overall mortality. Further, we studied whether hypotension was associated with poor neurodevelopmental outcomes in these patients at the corrected age of 18 months. A total of 166 very low birth weight infants were studied during this period. Hospital outcomes and neurodevelopmental outcomes at the corrected age of 18 months were evaluated. Among the 166 very low birth weight infants, 95 patients (57.2%) experienced hypotension at⩽1 week and were associated with an increased incidence of morbidities and mortality. At the corrected age of 18 months, hypotension of the⩽1 week group had significantly lower scores in all three – cognitive, language, and motor – composites of the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, Third Edition (Bayley-III) screening tests. In addition, a multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that longer mechanical ventilation and periventricular leukomalacia were additionally associated with worse cognitive and language neurodevelopmental outcomes. Hypotension in very low birth weight infants within 1 week of life was associated with increased morbidities and overall mortality. It was also associated with an increased risk of cognitive and language outcomes.

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