Association of Intravenous Lipid Emulsion and Coagulase-Negative Staphylococcal Bacteremia in Neonatal Intensive Care Units JONATHAN FREEMAN,* §** M.D., SC.D., DONALD A. GOLDMANN, M.D., ∥ NANCY E. SMITH, M.S.,§ DAVID G. SIDEBOTTOM, M.D.,∥ MICHAEL F. EPSTEIN,†¶ M.D., RICHARD PLAT, M.D., M.S.*‡ Department of Medicine,* Department of Newborn Medicine,† and Infection Control Unit,‡ Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Brockton/West Roxbury Veterans Affair Medical Center, West Roxbury, Massachusetts;§ Division of Infectious Diseases and Infection Control Program ∥ and Division of Newborn Medicine, ¶ Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston; and Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston

1991 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-28
Author(s):  
Donna F. Veal
Keyword(s):  
Infection Control ◽  
Harvard Medical School ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Control Unit ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care Units ◽  
Infection Control Program ◽  
Medicine Department ◽  
Harvard School

Findings of the International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium (INICC), Part II: Impact of a Multidimensional Strategy to Reduce Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia in Neonatal Intensive Care Units in 10 Developing Countries

2012 ◽  
Vol 33 (7) ◽  
pp. 704-710 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor D. Rosenthal ◽  
Maria E. Rodríguez-Calderón ◽  
Marena Rodríguez-Ferrer ◽  
Tanu Singhal ◽  
Mandakini Pawar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care Units ◽  
Ventilator Associated Pneumonia ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
Infection Control Program

Design.Before-after prospective surveillance study to assess the efficacy of the International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium (INICC) multidimensional infection control program to reduce the rate of occurrence of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP).Setting.Neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) of INICC member hospitals from 15 cities in the following 10 developing countries: Argentina, Colombia, El Salvador, India, Mexico, Morocco, Peru, Philippines, Tunisia, and Turkey.Patients.NICU inpatients.Methods.VAP rates were determined during a first period of active surveillance without the implementation of the multidimensional approach (phase 1) to be then compared with VAP rates after implementation of the INICC multidimensional infection control program (phase 2), which included the following practices: a bundle of infection control interventions, education, outcome surveillance, process surveillance, feedback on VAP rates, and performance feedback on infection control practices. This study was conducted by infection control professionals who applied National Health Safety Network (NHSN) definitions for healthcare-associated infections and INICC surveillance methodology.Results.During phase 1, we recorded 3,153 mechanical ventilation (MV)–days, and during phase 2, after the implementation of the bundle of interventions, we recorded 15,981 MV-days. The VAP rate was 17.8 cases per 1,000 MV-days during phase 1 and 12.0 cases per 1,000 MV-days during phase 2 (relative risk, 0.67 [95% confidence interval, 0.50–0.91]; P = .001 ), indicating a 33% reduction in VAP rate.Conclusions.Our results demonstrate that an implementation of the INICC multidimensional infection control program was associated with a significant reduction in VAP rate in NICUs in developing countries.

Prevention of Infections Associated With Permanent Cardiac Antiarrhythmic Devices by Implementation of a Comprehensive Infection Control Program

2004 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 492-497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abraham Borer ◽  
Jacob Gilad ◽  
Eytan Hyam ◽  
Francisc Schlaeffer ◽  
Pnina Schlaeffer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Pacemaker Implantation ◽  
Relative Weight ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Cardiac Device ◽  
Infection Control Program

AbstractObjective:To implement a comprehensive infection control (IC) program for prevention of cardiac device-associated infections (CDIs).Design:Prospective before-after trial with 2 years of follow-up.Setting:A tertiary-care, university-affiliated medical center.Patients:A consecutive sample of all adults undergoing cardiac device implantation between 1997 and 2002.Intervention:An IC program was implemented during late 2001 and included staff education, preoperative modification of patient risk factors, intraoperative control of strict aseptic technique, surgical scrubbing and attire, control of environmental risk factors, optimization of antibiotic prophylaxis, postoperative wound care, and active surveillance. The clinical endpoint was CDI rates.Results:Between 1997 and 2000, there were 7 CDIs among 725 procedures (mean annual CDI incidence, 1%). During the first 9 months of 2001, there were 7 CDIs among 167 procedures (4.2%; P = .007): CDIs increased from 7 among 576 to 3 among 124 following pacemaker implantation (P = .39) and from 0 among 149 to 4 among 43 following cardioverter-defibrillator implantation (P = .002). Of the 14 CDIs, 5 involved superficial wounds, 7 involved deep wounds, and 2 involved endocarditis. Following intervention, there were no cases of CDI among 316 procedures during 24 months of follow-up (4.2% reduction; P = .0005).Conclusions:We observed a high CDI rate associated with substantial morbidity. IC measures had an impact on CDI. Although the relative weight of each measure in the prevention of CDI remains unknown, our results suggest that implementation of a comprehensive IC program is feasible and efficacious in this setting.

An Evaluation of Autopsy Review as a Technique for Infection Control: A Procedure of Questionable Value

1983 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kent Crossley ◽  
Janice Johnson ◽  
Rebecca Mudge ◽  
Laura Crossley
Keyword(s):  
Nosocomial Infection ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Joint Commission ◽  
Hospital Infection ◽  
Infection Control Program ◽  
Hospital Infection Control ◽  
The Joint Commission

AbstractReview of necropsy reports for evidence of undiagnosed antemortem infection is included by the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Hospitals as an element of an effective hospital infection control program. We reviewed records of 155 patients autopsied at St. Paul-Ramsey Medical Center between January 1, 1980 and March 31, 1981. In 13 patients (8%), there was a discrepancy between documentation of infection during the patient's hospitalization and at autopsy. However, in none of these cases was this information useful in our infection control program. We doubt the effectiveness of necropsy review as a tool for nosocomial infection control.

Molecular Epidemiology of an Outbreak ofSerratia marcescensin a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit

2001 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 630-634 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Villari ◽  
Margherita Crispino ◽  
Alessandra Salvadori ◽  
Alda Scarcella
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Genomic Dna ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Infection Control Program ◽  
Multiresistant Bacteria

AbstractObjective:To investigate and control a biphasic outbreak ofSerratia marcescensin a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).Design:Epidemiological and laboratory investigation of the outbreak.Setting:The NICU of the 1,470-bed teaching hospital of the University “Federico II,” Naples, Italy.Patients:The outbreak involved 56 cases of colonization by Smarcescensover a 15-month period, with two epidemic peaks of 6 and 3 months, respectively. Fourteen (25%) of the 56 colonized infants developed clinical infections, 50% of which were major (sepsis, meningitis, or pneumonia).Methods:Epidemiological and microbiological investigations, analysis of macrorestriction pattern of genomic DNA through pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) of clinical and environmental isolates, and institution of infection control measures.Results:Analysis of macrorestriction patterns of genomic DNA by PFGE demonstrated that the vast majority of Smarcescensisolates, including three environmental strains isolated from two handwashing disinfectants and the hands of a nurse, were of the same clonal type. The successful control of the outbreak was achieved through cohorting of noncolonized infants, isolation of Smarcescens-infectedand -colonized infants, and an intense educational program that emphasized the need for adherence to glove use and handwashing policies. The NICU remained open to new admissions.Conclusions:Outbreaks caused by Smarcescensare very difficult to eradicate. An infection control program that includes molecular typing of microorganisms and the proper dissemination among staff members of the typing results is likely to be very effective in reducing NICU-acquired infections and in controlling outbreaks caused by Smarcescens,as well as other multiresistant bacteria.

Infection Control in El Salvador: The Hospital Rosales Experience

1987 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 495-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
José A. Marinero Càceres ◽  
Yolanda de Sotello
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
El Salvador ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Infection Control Program ◽  
San Salvador ◽  
Duration Of Hospitalization ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Open Wards ◽  
Partial Correction

AbstractWe describe circumstances at the Hospital Rosales, located in San Salvador, El Salvador, and some salient observations from an infection control program begun in 1978. Findings include overuse of antibiotics, especially of penicillin and chloramphenicol; a predominance of gram-negative rod infections, especially Pseudomonas aeruginosa; a relative infrequency of Staphylococcus aureus infections; an apparent doubling of the mean duration of hospitalization for patients with nosocomial infections compared with other patients (22.1 days versus 11.0 days); documentation and partial correction of deficiencies in aseptic and antiseptic practices; an outbreak of Pseudomonas aeruginosa endophthalmitis traced to the hospital's factory for the manufacturing of intravenous fluids; and attitudinal problems such as the care of patients with rabies on open wards. Prevalence surveys conducted during 1981 and 1986 suggest a dramatic increase in the recent incidence of surgical wound infection (44% v 28%, P < 0.001). This latter observation suggests a direct relationship between infection rates and the hardships imposed by poverty and civil war.

scholarly journals Development of a comprehensive infection control program for a short-term shelter serving trafficked women

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-61
Author(s):  
Erin Jones ◽  
Mallory Loomis ◽  
Shalise Mealey ◽  
Meagan Newman ◽  
Holly Schroder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infection Control ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Infection Control Program
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