Mothering, Guiding, and Responding to Children: A Comparison of Women Abused and Not Abused by Intimate Partners

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (15) ◽  
pp. 3107-3126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine A. Ateah ◽  
H. Lorraine Radtke ◽  
Leslie M. Tutty ◽  
Kendra Nixon ◽  
E. Jane Ursel
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Behavior Management ◽  
Parenting Practices ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Positive Interactions ◽  
Abused Women ◽  
Positive Interaction

Intimate partner violence (IPV) has many negative outcomes for women, children, and families. However, researchers have opposing perspectives and findings with respect to the effects on mothering for abused women. The assumption by some service providers that abused mothers are compromised in their parenting generally ignores the larger issue of male violence and women’s and children’s safety. The question examined in this study was whether there were differences in reported positive parenting responses with children between women who have experienced IPV and those who have not experienced IPV. The sample consisted of 1,211 mothers and came from two studies: The National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth, and The Healing Journey: A Longitudinal Study of Mothers Affected by Intimate Partner Violence. The Positive Interaction and Rational Parenting scales, adapted from Strayhorn and Weidman’s Parenting Practices Scale, were used to measure parenting interactions. Bivariate correlations between the outcome variables and maternal age, maternal education, child age, and child sex were calculated to determine whether any of these variables were significantly related to the Positive Interaction Scale or Rational Parenting Scale. This was followed by ANCOVA to determine whether mothers who had experienced IPV differed in their scores on the two parenting scales from mothers who had not experienced IPV. Findings did not support the notion that abused women are compromised in their parenting responses with their children in regard to positive interactions and behavior management. Recommendations include a greater focus on the prevention of IPV, addressing the source of violence and providing appropriate support for mothers who experience IPV.

“I Did It to Save My Children”: Parenting Strengths and Fears of Women Exposed to Intimate Partner Violence

2020 ◽  
pp. 088626052096923
Author(s):  
Kathryn E. Scrafford ◽  
Laura E. Miller-Graff ◽  
Aimee Gladys Umunyana ◽  
Laura E. Schwartz ◽  
Kathryn H. Howell
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Parenting Practices ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
The United States ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Future Research

Intimate partner violence (IPV) is experienced by one in four women in the United States, and a wealth of quantitative research has underscored its detrimental effects on women’s mental health and parenting practices. Little research, however, has considered ways in which women exposed to IPV retain and foster parenting strengths and ways in which motherhood serves as a source of resilience for these women. The objective of the current study was to conduct a thematic analysis of IPV-exposed women’s parenting strengths and concerns as reported through focus groups conducted with IPV-exposed women ( n = 22) and service providers ( n = 31) in two urban areas in the Mid-West and Mid-South. Results of the thematic analysis indicated the emergence of three core themes: resilience and challenges of parenting in the context of IPV, leaving the violent partner, and intergenerational processes. Overall, service providers recognized far fewer strengths in parenting on all dimensions than did women, suggesting that service providers may be conceptualizing parenting in the context of IPV from a deficit model that underestimates the resilience demonstrated by these women. This has important consequences for the extent to which women may feel stigmatized or blamed when receiving resources and services critical to their families. Future research on parenting among women experiencing IPV would be enhanced by capturing the dynamic interplay between women’s parenting strengths and challenges, and the ways in which these capacities are affected by resource access within and across social ecological contexts.

scholarly journals Social Entrapment Evidence: Understanding Its Role in Self-Defence Cases Involving Intimate Partner Violence

2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather Douglas ◽  
Stella Tarrant ◽  
Julia Tolmie
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Financial Support ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Abused Women ◽  
Safety Planning ◽  
Expert Evidence ◽  
Structural Inequality ◽  
Self Defence

This article considers what evidence juries need to help them apply the defence of self-defence where a woman claims she has killed an abusive partner to save her own life. Drawing on recent research and cases we argue that expert evidence admitted in these types of cases generally fails to provide evidence about the nature of abuse, the limitations in the systemic safety responses and the structural inequality that abused women routinely face. Evidence of the reality of the woman’s safety options, including access to, and the realistic support offered by, services such as police, housing, childcare, safety planning and financial support should be presented. In essence, juries need evidence about what has been called social entrapment so they can understand how women’s safety options are deeply intertwined with their degree of danger and therefore with the question of whether their response (of killing their abuser) was necessary based on reasonable grounds. We consider the types of evidence that may be important in helping juries understand the concept and particular circumstances of social entrapment, including the role of experts in this context.

How Research Evidence is Defined, Acquired, and Shared Across Systems That Address Intimate Partner Violence

2021 ◽  
pp. 107780122110259
Author(s):  
Taryn P. Lindhorst ◽  
Erin A. Casey ◽  
Claire Willey-Sthapit ◽  
Barbara Toews
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Research Evidence ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Research Information ◽  
Professional Networks ◽  
Victim Services ◽  
Academic Settings

This exploratory study examined the flow of research evidence through systems that address intimate partner violence (IPV), including victim services, law enforcement, and criminal justice organizations. Qualitative interviews with representatives of these disciplines assessed how respondents define, acquire, and share research evidence. Findings suggest that research evidence is defined more broadly in the field than in academic settings, and is accessed primarily from trusted intermediaries within professional networks. State IPV coalitions and victim service providers are key intermediaries across sectors. Findings suggest the need for more tangible supports to support sharing of research information within and across service sectors.

The Intersections of Race and Immigration

2020 ◽  
pp. 133-166
Author(s):  
Xavier L. Guadalupe-Diaz ◽  
Carolyn M. West
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
People Of Color ◽  
Legal Rights ◽  
Victim Services

As in the cisgender intimate partner violence (C-IPV) literature, transgender IPV (T-IPV) is often presented as a one-size-fits-all phenomenon, where all transgender survivors experience the same IPV tactics and barriers to escape. Consequently, IPV victim service providers may falsely assume that most transgender survivors are white, native-born citizens. In reality, transgender survivors who are people of color, immigrants, and/or undocumented face a variety of unique IPV tactics and barriers to escape shaped by racism, xenophobia, language challenges, and fewer legal rights. This chapter reviews the still-emerging body of research on T-IPV and intersectionality, specifically the intersections of race and immigration, supplemented by studies on race and immigration in the C-IPV literature. Ultimately, this literature emphasizes the need for tailoring IPV victim services to the unique needs of various transgender subgroups.

Animal Maltreatment in the Context of Intimate Partner Violence: A Manifestation of Power and Control?

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (15) ◽  
pp. 1806-1828 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy J. Fitzgerald ◽  
Betty Jo Barrett ◽  
Rochelle Stevenson ◽  
Chi Ho Cheung
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Abused Women ◽  
Animal Abuse ◽  
Power And Control ◽  
Using Data ◽  
And Control ◽  
Animal Neglect

This study tests the theoretically informed assumption that intimate partner violence (IPV) and animal abuse so frequently co-occur because animal maltreatment is instrumentalized by abusers to harm human victims. Using data from a survey of abused women in Canadian shelters, we find that threats to harm “pets,” emotional animal abuse, and animal neglect are clearly perceived by these survivors as being intentionally perpetrated by their abuser and motivated by a desire to upset and control them; the findings related to physical animal abuse are not as straightforward. Building on these findings, we propose a more nuanced theorizing of the coexistence of animal maltreatment and IPV.

Substance Use as a Coping Mechanism for Survivors of Intimate Partner Violence: Implications for Safety and Service Accessibility

2019 ◽  
pp. 107780121988249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindsay B. Gezinski ◽  
Kwynn M. Gonzalez-Pons ◽  
Mallory M. Rogers
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Service Accessibility ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Post Traumatic

This study examined substance use disorder (SUD) and mental health (MH) among survivors of intimate partner violence, with data collected from 102 participants. Both survivors and service providers emphasized SUD and MH as top priorities and reported a high prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, anxiety, and low self-esteem coupled with increasing rates of heroin, methamphetamine, and pharmaceutical abuse. Emergent themes included (a) trauma impacts functioning, (b) substances as coping strategy, (c) weighing safety against need, (d) lacking SUD and MH services, and (e) need for comprehensive and culturally specific resources. Scarcity of funding demands cross-sector collaboration to support survivors.

scholarly journals The Sex of Firstborn Children and Intimate Partner Violence in India

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (6-7) ◽  
pp. 590-613
Author(s):  
Abigail Weitzman
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Gender Discrimination ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Sex Ratios ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Son Preference

This article investigates the effects of firstborn sex on intimate partner violence (IPV) in India, taking into account heterogeneity across state sex ratios and maternal education. In states with masculine sex ratios of first births, firstborn daughters are found to elevate the risk and severity of IPV. The effects of firstborn daughters on sexual IPV are particularly pronounced among uneducated women in these states. These findings suggest that amid son preference at low birth orders, the sex of firstborn children can contribute to violence against mothers, providing new insights into the household reproduction of gender discrimination and violence.

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