Use of the Cognitive Estimations Test to Discriminate Frontotemporal Dementia from Alzheimer's Disease

1998 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario F. Mendez ◽  
Robert C. Doss ◽  
Monique M. Cherrier
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Frontotemporal Dementia ◽  
Neuropsychological Tests ◽  
Numerical Ability ◽  
Impaired Memory ◽  
Dementia Severity

This study investigated the cognitive estimations test (CET) in patients with frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). The CET consists of questions which reflect judgment and reasoning. FTD patients, who have predominant frontotemporal atrophy, may give more extreme estimates on the CET compared to AD patients, who have greater temporoparietal pathology. The CET was administered to 31 FTD and 31 AD patients of comparable dementia severity plus 31 normal elderly controls. Both dementia groups gave significantly more extreme estimates on the CET than did the controls, and, contrary to expectations, AD patients gave more extreme estimates than did FTD patients. Extreme CET scores correlated with poor savings and calculations scores on neuropsychological tests. In conclusion, the CET may be particularly impaired in AD because it reflects impaired memory and numerical ability as well as disturbed judgment and reasoning. The CET may also be helpful in discriminating some patients in moderate stages of AD from those with FTD.

scholarly journals Accuracy of neuropsychological tests and the Neuropsychiatric Inventory in differential diagnosis between Frontotemporal dementia and Alzheimer's disease

2009 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 332-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valéria Santoro Bahia ◽  
Rene Viana
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Frontotemporal Dementia ◽  
Neuropsychological Tests ◽  
Motor Behavior ◽  
Digit Span ◽  
Semantic Fluency ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Inventory ◽  
Delayed Recall

Abstract The differential diagnosis between frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) is sometimes difficult. Objectives: To verify the accuracy of neuropsychological tests and a behavioral disorders scale in the differential diagnosis between FTLD and AD. Methods: Retrospective data on 12 FTD patients and 12 probable AD patients were analyzed. The scores on neuropsychological tests (MMSE score, reverse digit span, delayed recall for drawings, semantic fluency of animals) and the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) in both groups were compared. Results: Both groups had similar performance on neuropsychological tests. All FTD patients and 50% of AD patients had neuropsychiatric abnormalities. The NPI score was 58.0±19.3 for the FTD patients, and 3.6±4.7 for the AD patients (p<0.01). Using a NPI cut-off score of 13, the sensitivity and specificity were 100% in this sample. The four most common neuropsychiatric disturbances in FTD patients were: apathy, aberrant motor behavior, disinhibition and eating abnormalities. Apathy and dysphoria/depression were the most common behavioral symptoms among the AD patients. Conclusions: In this study, NPI was found to be a useful tool for the differential diagnosis between FTD and AD. The neuropsychological tests commonly used in the medical office were unable to distinguish between the two groups.

Distinct social-behavioral changes in frontotemporal dementia and early onset Alzheimer's disease

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph P. Barsuglia ◽  
Michelle J. Mather ◽  
Hemali V. Panchal ◽  
Aditi Joshi ◽  
Elvira Jimenez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Frontotemporal Dementia ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Behavioral Changes ◽  
Early Onset Alzheimer’S Disease

Identification and Temporal Characterization of Features Associated with the Conversion from Mild Cognitive Impairment to Alzheimer’s Disease

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 751-763 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Martinez-Torteya ◽  
Hugo Gomez-Rueda ◽  
Victor Trevino ◽  
Joshua Farber ◽  
Jose Tamez-Pena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Neuropsychological Tests ◽  
Quantitative Mri ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Longitudinal Models ◽  
Log Rank Test ◽  
Medical Histories

Background: Diagnosing Alzheimer’s disease (AD) in its earliest stages is important for therapeutic and support planning. Similarly, being able to predict who will convert from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to AD would have clinical implications. Objectives: The goals of this study were to identify features from the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) database associated with the conversion from MCI to AD, and to characterize the temporal evolution of that conversion. Methods: We screened the publically available ADNI longitudinal database for subjects with MCI who have developed AD (cases: n=305), and subjects with MCI who have remained stable (controls: n=250). Analyses included 1,827 features from laboratory assays (n=12), quantitative MRI scans (n=1,423), PET studies (n=136), medical histories (n=72), and neuropsychological tests (n=184). Statistical longitudinal models identified features with significant differences in longitudinal behavior between cases and matched controls. A multiple-comparison adjusted log-rank test identified the capacity of the significant predictive features to predict early conversion. Results: 411 features (22.5%) were found to be statistically different between cases and controls at the time of AD diagnosis; 385 features were statistically different at least 6 months prior to diagnosis, and 28 features distinguished early from late conversion, 20 of which were obtained from neuropsychological tests. In addition, 69 features (3.7%) had statistically significant changes prior to AD diagnosis. Conclusion: Our results characterized features associated with disease progression from MCI to AD, and, in addition, the log-rank test identified features which are associated with the risk of early conversion.

scholarly journals Death Rate Due to COVID-19 in Alzheimer’s Disease and Frontotemporal Dementia

2020 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 537-541
Author(s):  
Jordi A. Matias-Guiu ◽  
Vanesa Pytel ◽  
Jorge Matías-Guiu
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Frontotemporal Dementia ◽  
Death Rate ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Care Homes ◽  
Relevant Factor ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Care Facilities ◽  
Probability Of Death

We aimed to evaluate the frequency and mortality of COVID-19 in patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). We conducted an observational case series. We enrolled 204 patients, 15.2% of whom were diagnosed with COVID-19, and 41.9% of patients with the infection died. Patients with AD were older than patients with FTD (80.36±8.77 versus 72.00±8.35 years old) and had a higher prevalence of arterial hypertension (55.8% versus 26.3%). COVID-19 occurred in 7.3% of patients living at home, but 72.0% of those living at care homes. Living in care facilities and diagnosis of AD were independently associated with a higher probability of death. We found that living in care homes is the most relevant factor for an increased risk of COVID-19 infection and death, with AD patients exhibiting a higher risk than those with FTD.

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