Growth of Bacterial Clinical Isolates in Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis Fluid

1983 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 144-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dayl J. Flournoy ◽  
Fred A. Perryman ◽  
Syed M.H. Qadri
Keyword(s):  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Chemical Constituent ◽  
Pseudomonas Sp ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Proteus Vulgaris ◽  
Dialysis Fluid ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis Fluid ◽  
Group D

Clinical bacterial isolates (105 colony forming units/mi) were inoculated into sterile unused and used continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) fluid, incubated for 24 hours at 3SOC and observed for growth as evidenced by turbidity. The CAPD fluids also were tested for selected chemical constituent concentrations. The main differences in sterile unused and used fluids were: pH, 5.25 (unused) vs 7.60–8.62 (used); glucose, 1350–3680 vs 407–1227 mg/dl; potassium, 0 vs 2.0–4.2 mEq/l and phosphorous, 0 and 2.5–5.5 mg/dl respectively. When isolates of Candido albicans (10 strains), Enterobacter sp. (2), Escherichia coli (2), Group D Enterococci (2), Klebsiella pneumoniae (2), Proteus vulgaris (2), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (30), Pseudomonas sp. (2), Serratia marcescens (2), Staphylococcus aureus (2), S. epidermidis (2) and alphahemolytic streptococci (10) were tested against the fluids, none of the isolates grew in unused fluid but all grew in used fluid, which had been in the peritoneal cavity for as little as one and one-halfhours. Although the organisms did not grow in unused fluid, they were still viable at their original concentrations as deterrnined by quantitative subcultures.

Low-calcium peritoneal dialysis fluid should not impact peritonitis rates in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis

1996 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 409-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carola W.H. de Fijter ◽  
Liem P. Oe ◽  
Erik C.J.M. Heezius ◽  
Ab J.M. Donker ◽  
Henri A. Verbrugh
Keyword(s):  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Dialysis Fluid ◽  
Low Calcium ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis Fluid

In Vitro Testing of a Potentially Biocompatible Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis Fluid

1991 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 574-581 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Topley ◽  
R. Mackenzie ◽  
M. M. Petersen ◽  
M. J. Beavis ◽  
D. Williams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
In Vitro Testing ◽  
Dialysis Fluid ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis Fluid

scholarly journals Do We Have a Biocompatible Peritoneal Dialysis Fluid?

2012 ◽  
Vol 02 (03) ◽  
pp. 29-34
Author(s):  
Shadi Hassan ◽  
Batya Kristal ◽  
Khalid Khazim ◽  
Fadi Hassan ◽  
Dunia Hassan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Dialysis Fluid ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis Fluid

scholarly journals Peritoneal dialysis fluid inhibition of phagocyte function: effects of osmolality and glucose concentration.

1993 ◽  
Vol 3 (8) ◽  
pp. 1508-1515
Author(s):  
T Liberek ◽  
N Topley ◽  
A Jörres ◽  
G A Coles ◽  
G M Gahl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Lactate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Lactate Concentration ◽  
Mononuclear Leukocytes ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Dialysis Fluid ◽  
Glucose Content ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis Fluid ◽  
Dialysis Fluids

Solutions were formulated to examine, independently, the roles of osmolality and glucose in the reduction of viability and inhibition of phagocyte function by dextrose-containing peritoneal dialysis fluids. The exposure of neutrophils (polymorphonuclear leukocytes) to test fluids containing > or = 2.7% (wt/vol) glucose resulted in significant cytotoxicity as assessed by the release of lactate dehydrogenase above control values (7.12 +/- 2.65%). At the highest concentration of glucose (4.5%), lactate dehydrogenase release was 15.83 +/- 0.49% (P < 0.05). These effects were directly related to the presence of D-glucose in the test fluids. In contrast, phagocytosis and the release of leukotriene B4 from PMN stimulated with serum-treated zymosan were significantly inhibited in an osmolality-, but not glucose-, dependent manner. The inhibition of tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin-6 release from mononuclear leukocytes was inhibited by a combination of osmolality and monosaccharide concentration. Under the same conditions, PMN respiratory burst activation remained unaffected irrespective of glucose concentration or fluid osmolality. These data indicate that, in addition to the low pH of peritoneal dialysis fluid and its high lactate concentration, its glucose content (either directly or as a consequence of the resulting hyperosmolality of the fluid) inhibits cell functional parameters. These findings suggest clinically significant inhibition of host defense mechanisms because, in high-glucose dialysis fluids, osmolality does not reach physiologic values, even during extended intraperitoneal dwell periods.

scholarly journals IR-Photometry Method for Measuring Glucose Concentration in Peritoneal Dialysis Fluid

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 68-78
Author(s):  
N. M. Zhilo ◽  
M. O. Mikhailov ◽  
E. L. Litinskaia ◽  
K. V. Pozhar
Keyword(s):  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Optical System ◽  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
The Body ◽  
Artificial Kidney ◽  
Dialysis Fluid ◽  
Glucose Content ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis Fluid ◽  
Dialysate Solution

Introduction. The transition of glucose into the blood during automated peritoneal dialysis with regeneration of the dialysis fluid leads to a decreased removal of excess fluid from the body and corresponding violations of the water-salt balance.Aim. To consider a system for automatically maintaining the concentration of glucose in the dialysate solution, which provides effective ultrafiltration, as well as to propose a non-contact photometric feedback sensor.Materials and methods. The sensor is an optical system of an IR laser diode with a power of 30 mW and a wavelength of 1600 nm, a photodiode and a quartz tube, through which the test solution circulates. The sensor measures the attenuation of the radiation passing through the solution in a pulsed mode and calculates the glucose concentration. The selected combination of digital filters provides compensation for the noise of the optical system. Experimental studies of the efficiency of the sensor were carried out on peritoneal dialysis solutions with various concentrations of urea, creatinine, uric acid and glucose. At the beginning of the experiments, the sensor was calibrated in a pure solution.Results. It was shown that the developed sensor makes it possible to measure the concentration of glucose in a solution for peritoneal dialysis in the range of 42…220 mmol / l with a relative error of about 15%. The time of one measurement is about 1 minute, which makes it possible to obtain up-to-date information on the current concentration of the solution.Conclusion. This combination of characteristics will allow the sensor to be used in artificial kidney wearable devices for assessing the glucose content in the solution, calculating the time to change the solution and as a feedback sensor in a system for maintaining the concentration of the osmotic agent.

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