Time–Motion Analysis of Nurses Utilizing Insulin Pen Devices Compared to Vial and Syringe in an Inpatient Setting

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 126-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela O. Shogbon-Nwaesei ◽  
Bobby C. Jacob ◽  
Laura P. Kimble ◽  
Samuel K. Peasah ◽  
Joan Burtner ◽  
...  

Objective: To compare the time taken and steps completed by nurses in the process of insulin preparation and administration using the pen device compared to the vial and syringe method. Methods: Observational and exploratory study utilizing a time–motion analysis of nurses’ administration of insulin using the pen versus vial and syringe delivery methods. Nurses were observed, video-recorded, and timed during insulin preparation and administration using each delivery method. The steps performed by nurses were observed against recommended processes for preparing and administering insulin, and the percentage of nurses completing each step was noted. Results: A total of 137 (94%) nurses participated. Nurses took less time preparing and administering insulin with the pen device compared with the vial and syringe method (79 ± 18 seconds vs 88 ± 20 seconds, respectively, P < .001). The overall average completion rate of steps with the pen device was 90% ± 7% compared to 88% ± 7% with the vial and syringe method. Conclusion: The time taken by nurses to prepare and administer insulin was lower with the pen device compared with vial and syringe. Furthermore, areas were identified for potential nursing education to enhance safe and appropriate use of insulin with both delivery methods.

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Naruaki Imoto ◽  
Chie Kano ◽  
Yumi Aoyagi ◽  
Hiroto Morita ◽  
Fumitaka Amanuma ◽  
...  

AbstractThe intestinal microbiome changes dynamically in early infancy. Colonisation by Bifidobacterium and Bacteroides and development of intestinal immunity is interconnected. We performed a prospective observational cohort study to determine the influence of antibiotics taken by the mother immediately before delivery on the intestinal microbiome of 130 healthy Japanese infants. Faecal samples (383) were collected at 1, 3, and 6 months and analysed using next-generation sequencing. Cefazolin was administered before caesarean sections, whereas ampicillin was administered in cases with premature rupture of the membranes and in Group B Streptococcus-positive cases. Bifidobacterium and Bacteroides were dominant (60–70% mean combined occupancy) at all ages. A low abundance of Bifidobacterium was observed in infants exposed to antibiotics at delivery and at 1 and 3 months, with no difference between delivery methods. A lower abundance of Bacteroides was observed after caesarean section than vaginal delivery, irrespective of antibiotic exposure. Additionally, occupancy by Bifidobacterium at 1 and 3 months and by Bacteroides at 3 months differed between infants with and without siblings. All these differences disappeared at 6 months. Infants exposed to intrapartum antibiotics displayed altered Bifidobacterium abundance, whereas abundance of Bacteroides was largely associated with the delivery method. Existence of siblings also significantly influenced the microbiota composition of infants.


2016 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 145-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sherry Dahlke ◽  
Maureen O'Connor ◽  
Teresa Hannesson ◽  
Karleen Cheetham

Author(s):  
Kunqi Zhang ◽  
Qingbin Cui

Pushback for public–private partnerships (P3s) comes in part from their purported favoritism toward large firms. However, no study has empirically verified this claim. This paper examined the Disadvantaged Business Enterprise (DBE) program to assess whether delivery methods play a role in the participation of minority- and women-owned firms in federally assisted transportation contracts. A sample of 134 contracts from the US Major Transportation Project Database served as the dataset to run linear regressions. Results revealed that P3 associates with higher DBE goals than design–bid–build (DBB). Plausible explanations include P3 being associated with a larger contract size, more public attention, more potential subcontracting opportunities with design included in the package, and intensified agency desire for greater diversity in DBE subcontracts. Moreover, the delivery method has an insignificant effect on DBE attainment. This paper also introduces the DBE envelope, a radar plot capable of graphically assessing DBE program implementation.


2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 640-646 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Schenk ◽  
Ruth Schleyer ◽  
Cami R. Jones ◽  
Sarah Fincham ◽  
Kenn B. Daratha ◽  
...  

1999 ◽  
Vol 86 (7) ◽  
pp. 951-955 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. T. den Boer ◽  
L. T. de Wit ◽  
J. Dankelman ◽  
D. J. Gouma

Identify most appropriate housing delivery method is one of the critical emerging issues in the developing due to poor standard of living in cities. The scale and speed of urbanization and high population growth rate in India will pose an unprecedented managerial and policy level challenge on housing quality in residential areas. On the other side many stock of house were found vacant or non-usable. Even uses of an appropriate housing delivery method, some gaps /shortcoming are identifying. If these gaps can fulfill these gaps and can enhance customer satisfaction. This study was developing by using actual construction case data in quantitative data analysis methods such as Estimate track Estimate and Analytical Hierarchical process. This research focuses on the housing areas as understand primarily by available local housing delivery methods. This aim of the research is to develop a index for evaluating housing delivery performance of housing areas to improve the customer satisfaction of existing as well as upcoming housing areas.


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