Is Bilingual Receptive Vocabulary Assessment via Telepractice Comparable to Face-to-Face?

Purpose: This study investigated the effect of delivery method (face-to-face or telepractice), time, home language, and language ability on bilingual children's receptive vocabulary scores in Spanish and English. Method: Participants included bilingual children with ( n = 32) and without ( n = 57) developmental language disorders (DLD) that were assessed at 2 time points about 1 year apart. All children participated in face-to-face assessment at Time 1. At Time 2, 41 children were assessed face-to-face and 48 children were assessed using telepractice. Results: Delivery method was not a significant predictor of receptive scores in either Spanish or English. Spanish and English receptive vocabulary increased over time in both children with and without DLD. Children with DLD had lower receptive vocabulary raw scores than children with typical development. Children who spoke English-only at home had significantly higher English receptive scores than children who spoke Spanish-only or both Spanish and English at home. Conclusions: Face-to-face and telepractice assessments seem to be comparable methods for the assessments of Spanish and English receptive skills. Spanish and English receptive skills increased over time in children with and without DLD. Supplemental Material: https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.17912297

Study on Inventory Management Optimization of Small and Medium-sized Retail Companies in the Context of New Retail

The emergence of "New Retail" produces a great impact on the inventory management of retail companies. Using ASY company as the study object, this paper calculates weights of factors affecting inventory management with the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method to obtain the weight data of each factor before and after the New Retail appears. On this basis, it analyzes how New Retail affects the inventory management of ASY company. Besides, it offers optimization strategies and effect feedback indicators for the following problems faced by this company: pay less attention to delivery method and management system; poor incentive polices for employees; lay less stress on FMCG; too many goods are distributed by manufacturers; heavy workload; increased impact generated by fund restrictions; little knowledge about New Retail; make little efforts to improve employees' learning and innovation ability.

Targeted Development of Infant Microbiota on Formula Feeding: Modern Options

The review provides the analysis of recent publications covering the biological significance of infant microbiome and showing modern research technologies. Correlations of quantitative and qualitative characteristics of intestinal microbiota with delayed health issues were evaluated. Various concepts of newborn microbiome origin, timing, and stages of bacterial colonization of gastrointestinal tract were considered. Data on the role of delivery method on infant microbiota development is presented (including the significance of contamination with maternal vaginal flora where ontogenetic priority belongs to lactobacilli). It was revealed that Lactobacillus fermentum was the basis microflora providing the conditions for the subsequent successful colonization of the child’s intestines with obligate symbionts. The significance of breastfeeding in adequate microbiota development was confirmed. In case of mandatory formula feeding, it is necessary to enrich infant milk formulas with components that promote the selection of symbiotic microflora such as: long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, prebiotics, oligosaccharides, and probiotics of specific action. The innovative formula based on synbiotic/combiotic concept will be able to partially compensate impaired microbiota development in infant on mandatory formula feeding.

Endoscopic Delivery Method Using a Retrieval Net for Patients with Small-Bowel Capsule Endoscopy Stagnation in the Stomach

With the increasing use of capsule endoscopy (CE), screening tests for the small bowel can be performed with minimal invasiveness. However, occasionally, the entire small bowel cannot be observed because of decreased peristalsis of the stomach. For such cases, we perform delivery of CE by an endoscope. We retrospectively examined the usefulness of the endoscopic delivery method using a retrieval net for patients with CE stagnation in the stomach. From 2,270 patients who underwent small-bowel CE at Hiroshima University Hospital from January 2013 to January 2020, 29 consecutive patients (1.3% of the total number) in whom the small bowel could not be observed due to CE stagnation in the stomach at the time of the initial CE underwent the endoscopic delivery method using a retrieval net for secondary small-bowel CE. This study included 16 male (55%) and 13 female (45%) patients with a mean age of 69.2 ± 13.2 years . 11 patients (38%) had a history of gastrointestinal surgical resection. The entire small bowel could be observed in 19 patients (66%), and CE reached the terminal ileum in the remaining patients. A history of gastrointestinal surgical resection was significantly more frequent in the group where the entire small bowel could not be observed. The rate of small-bowel lesion detection was 55% (16/29). There were no adverse events associated with our endoscopic delivery method. Thus, the endoscopic delivery method using a retrieval net for patients with initial CE stagnation in the stomach may be safe and useful for the detection of small-bowel lesions.

Recent Advances in Insulin Delivery Devices and Modes of Insulin Therapy

The discovery of insulin was 100 years old till 2021. Insulin, the first diabetic medication, is now the safest and most effective glucose-lowering medication available. Despite its efficacy, the most significant challenge with insulin has been the prevalence of hypoglycemia, which has resulted in the majority of patients being prescribed optimum dosages. Insulin delivery devices include syringes, pens, and pumps. Soon, artificial pancreas (AP) by using a very closed-loop delivery method will be a big step towards the advancement of insulin delivery devices. This article looks at the invention of syringes, disposable, long-lasting pens, and smart connected pens, continuous intraperitoneal insulin infusion (CIPII) and patch insulin pumps, artificial pancreas and other medical devices. Hence, insulin administration that is both minimally invasive and non-invasive towards the advancement is required. We review the available information on the evolution of insulin delivery systems, focusing on the advantages and disadvantages of technology as well as anticipated advances. Due to the wide variety of technological solutions accessible via the international platform, only the most common methods essential to the patient’s care are detailed here in the article.

Students’ Skill in Performing A Speech in SMA Negeri 6 Pinrang

The aims from this research are to know how is students’ skill in performing a speech, and to know the students’ deprivation in performing a speech. This research is mix method design to answer the problem of this thesis. The research took place at SMA N 6 Pinrang. The population was the students from eleventh grade, the sample of this research were 34 students who are from class XI MIPA 1 by used purposive sampling technique. The researcher used test and interview as instrument for this research. The speech performance used manuscript speech delivery method. The results of this research find that the students’ skill in performing speech are not fully fill up with the criteria of assessment, where the mean score from the performance is 189.79. Additionally, in analyzing the interview, the researchers conclude that there are some deprivations when the students perform their speech, the factors that been found over the interview were the use of English as a language used it selves in performing a speech. Moreover, the use of vocal variety and physical movement also mentioned with the students as their deprivation in performing a speech.

Students’ perceptions of team learning across teaching frameworks and settings

The benefits of team learning include increased achievement, increased motivation, and greater retention of concepts learned. While team learning has been implemented since the early 20th century, instructors in higher education settings may still experience challenges managing implementation, such as unmotivated students and a lack of accountability among group members. One team learning pedagogy is team-based learning (TBL), a structured course design that combines individual preparation with collaborative problem-solving. Given the benefits of TBL in face-to-face settings, including student learning and improved attitudes, educators have also adapted TBL to online settings. This embedded mixed-method study examined students’ perceptions of TBL in face-to-face and online teacher education courses. We found that students in TBL courses, regardless of delivery method, reported positive perceptions of TBL, and commonly identified the course structure and teams as the most effective aspects of the course.

The Utility of Scatter Feeding as Enrichment: Do Broiler Chickens Engage with Scatter–Fed Items?

In recent years, welfare certification companies have encouraged the use of scatter feeding as enrichment material, though there is little scientific evidence to support a scatter feeding program. This study aimed to understand the impact of scatter feeding on the foraging behavior of broilers. One hundred eighty Ross 308 chicks were allocated into six treatment groups (six replicates/treatment). Broilers were scatter fed dried mealworms, whole wheat, shredded cabbage, alfalfa pellets, wood shavings, or no scatter feeding, respectively. Enrichment was provided on the first three days of each week. Total foraging, active foraging, and feeding were observed for one-hour periods immediately after scattering, 2 h later, and 6 h later. In all groups, broilers increased both total (p = 0.001) and active (p = 0.001) foraging, though this was most pronounced in the dried mealworm group. Across all groups, active foraging decreased with age (p = 0.001). The mealworm group also showed a corresponding decrease in feeding during hour one compared to the later hours (p = 0.001). These results did not provide evidence that scatter feeding encourages foraging behavior, except for a short-term effect of a high value feed item. This finding suggests that the item scattered and the delivery method should be studied further.