Effects of Advanced Pharmacy Practice Experience Characteristics on Postgraduate Year 1 Residency Match Rates

Background: Mentors often provide advice to students regarding selection of Advanced Pharmacy Practice Experience (APPE) rotations to strengthen their candidacy for a residency position. However, the impact of APPE characteristics on the chances of matching is unknown. Objective: To determine the impact of APPE characteristics on Post Graduate Year-1 (PGY1) residency match rates at a Midwest US college of pharmacy. Methods: Graduates from a single college of pharmacy who participated in the PGY1 match in 2015 or 2016 were included. Match data were obtained from National Matching Services. APPE characteristics (e.g., rotation timing relative to the Midyear Clinical Meeting [MCM], rotation type, and setting) were stratified by matched status. Independent predictors were identified using multivariate logistic regression and tree-based models. Results: Ninety-nine students were included with 57 matching (57.6%). Students completing an infectious diseases rotation (75 vs. 51%; p = 0.028), a hospital rotation before the MCM (67 vs. 47%; p = 0.039), or a rotation in an ambulatory care clinic (67 vs. 47%; p = 0.045) were more likely to match. Students completing an independent community pharmacy rotation were less likely to match (8.3 vs. 64%; p < 0.001). After multivariate adjustment, all of these factors were associated with the likelihood of matching except completion of an infectious diseases ( p = 0.077) or ambulatory care rotation ( p = 0.073). Conclusion: A hospital rotation prior to the MCM was positively associated with matching while completion of an independent community pharmacy rotation was associated with non-matched status. The utility of these findings in guiding APPE selections for students pursing residency should be explored.

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Discordance between ambulatory care clinic and community pharmacy medication databases for HIV-positive patients

Journal of the American Pharmacists Association ◽

10.1331/japha.2007.06131 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 47 (5) ◽

pp. 613-615 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Christie A. Robinson ◽

Jennifer Cocohoba ◽

Conan MacDougall ◽

Malcolm D.V. John ◽

B. Joseph Guglielmo

Keyword(s):

Community Pharmacy ◽

Ambulatory Care ◽

Hiv Positive ◽

Care Clinic ◽

Ambulatory Care Clinic

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Considerations for Providing Ambulatory Pharmacy Services for Pediatric Patients

The Journal of Pediatric Pharmacology and Therapeutics ◽

10.5863/1551-6776-23.1.4 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 23 (1) ◽

pp. 4-17 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Stacie J. Lampkin ◽

Brooke Gildon ◽

Sandra Benavides ◽

Kelly Walls ◽

Leslie Briars

Keyword(s):

Ambulatory Care ◽

Pharmacy Practice ◽

Health Care Team ◽

Pharmacy Services ◽

Limited Data ◽

Ambulatory Care Setting ◽

Care Clinic ◽

Enhance Patient Care ◽

Ambulatory Care Clinic

Pediatric clinical pharmacists are an integral part of the health care team. By practicing in an ambulatory care clinic, they can reduce the risk of medication errors, improve health outcomes, and enhance patient care. Unfortunately, because of limited data, misconceptions surrounding the role of pharmacists, and reimbursement challenges, there may be difficulty in establishing or expanding pediatric clinical pharmacy services to an ambulatory care setting. The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of considerations for establishing or expanding pharmacy services in a pediatric ambulatory care clinic. The primer will discuss general and pediatric-specific pharmacy practice information, as well as potential barriers, and recommendations for identifying a practice site, creating a business plan, and integrating these services into a clinic setting.

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An Ambulatory Care Clinic and Community Pharmacy Collaboration to Address Prescription Abandonment

INNOVATIONS in pharmacy ◽

10.24926/iip.v10i1.1540 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 14

Author(s):

Joshua W Gaborcik ◽

Brigid K Groves ◽

Aaron Clark ◽

Marilly Palettas ◽

Alexa Sevin Valentino

Keyword(s):

Health System ◽

Community Pharmacy ◽

Ambulatory Care ◽

Grocery Store ◽

Improvement Project ◽

Care Clinic ◽

Pharmacy Technician ◽

Phone Calls ◽

Article Type ◽

Ambulatory Care Clinic

Purpose: The purpose of this research is to evaluate a collaborative workflow aimed at decreasing prescription abandonment. Setting: A federally qualified health center and a 340B contracted grocery store-based community pharmacy. Practice Workflow: An ambulatory care clinic with an established partnership with a community pharmacy chain identified a need to decrease prescription abandonment rates. A process was developed whereby an ambulatory care pharmacy technician received a report from the pharmacy of prescriptions filled for at least 7 days since the initial fill date and at risk for abandonment at the community pharmacy. The pharmacy technician identified health-system barriers, attempted to remedy any identified barriers, and conducted patient reminder phone calls. Health-system barriers were classified by the following categories: incorrect contact information at the community pharmacy, incorrect 340B copayment, incorrect insurance information at the community pharmacy, and need for prior authorization. Evaluation: A prospective cohort study was conducted from February 2016 to April 2016 in order to evaluate the effectiveness of this workflow. Results: 551 prescriptions and 350 patients were included in this cohort. Of the 551 prescriptions, 362 had at least one identified barrier that may have led to prescription abandonment. There were 111 health-system identified barriers, and 96 of these barriers were acted upon. Additionally, there were 459 patient identified barriers, and 179 of these barriers were acted upon. When a pharmacy technician was able to identify and act upon at least one barrier, 106 prescriptions (46.9%) were picked-up from the pharmacy. Conclusion: From the information gathered in this quality improvement project, operational changes have been implemented at the ambulatory care clinic and community pharmacy as a means to further decrease modifiable health-system barriers that may lead to prescription abandonment. Article Type: Clinical Experience

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Evaluation of the impact of enhanced virtual forms and gamification on intervention identification in a pharmacist-led ambulatory care clinic

Exploratory Research in Clinical and Social Pharmacy ◽

10.1016/j.rcsop.2021.100068 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 100068

Author(s):

Courtney E. Gamston ◽

Joshua C. Hollingsworth ◽

Brent I. Fox ◽

Mary Elizabeth O'Barr ◽

Kimberly Braxton Lloyd

Keyword(s):

Ambulatory Care ◽

Care Clinic ◽

Ambulatory Care Clinic ◽

The Impact

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Engaging Pharmacy Students, Residents, and Fellows in Antimicrobial Stewardship

Journal of Pharmacy Practice ◽

10.1177/0897190013516506 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 28 (6) ◽

pp. 585-591 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Elias B. Chahine ◽

Rania M. El-Lababidi ◽

Mariette Sourial

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Infectious Diseases ◽

Antimicrobial Stewardship ◽

Health Care Cost ◽

Pharmacy Practice ◽

Pharmacy Students ◽

Practice Experience ◽

Formally Trained ◽

The Impact

Antimicrobial stewardship programs are mainly established by infectious diseases physicians and infectious diseases-trained clinical pharmacists with the goal of optimizing patients’ outcomes while halting antimicrobial resistance, decreasing adverse events, and controlling health care cost. The role of the infectious diseases-trained clinical pharmacist in antimicrobial stewardship is well established; however, there are not enough formally trained pharmacists to assume the challenging responsibilities of the steward coordinator. The purpose of this article was to review the available literature and resources and propose a model to engage introductory pharmacy practice experience students, advanced pharmacy practice experience students, postgraduate year (PGY) 1 pharmacy residents, PGY2 infectious diseases pharmacy residents, and PGY2 or PGY3 infectious diseases pharmacy fellows in antimicrobial stewardship. Further studies are needed to assess and document the impact of pharmacy students and postgraduate trainees on antimicrobial stewardship programs.

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Pharmacist Hypertension Management Quality Review at an Ambulatory Care Clinic

Journal of Pharmacy Technology ◽

10.1177/87551225211064240 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 875512252110642

Author(s):

Kayla Chonko ◽

Sandra Axtell ◽

Bianca Mayzel

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Ambulatory Care ◽

Small Sample Size ◽

Small Sample ◽

Blood Pressure Goal ◽

Care Clinic ◽

Prospective Group ◽

Collaborative Practice Agreement ◽

Ambulatory Care Clinic ◽

The Impact

Background: A reduction of 10 mm Hg in systolic blood pressure (SBP) significantly decreases the risk of major cardiovascular disease events. Pharmacists’ management of blood pressure may assist with this reduction. Objective: Assess the impact of pharmacist management of hypertension via a collaborative practice agreement with physicians in an ambulatory care clinic. Methods: The first phase of this study was a retrospective chart review of physician/nurse hypertension visits from October 2019 to August 2020. The second prospective phase consisted of pharmacist managed hypertension visits from December 2020 to January 2021. The primary outcome was the change in SBP from the beginning to the end of the study period in the prospective group. Secondary outcomes included the proportion of patients achieving their blood pressure goal and the proportion of patients adherent to all antihypertensive medications at their follow-up visits in both groups. This study was institutional review board approved. Results: Forty-seven patients were included and analyzed (24 in the retrospective group and 23 in the prospective group). Patients in the prospective group had an average SBP lowering of 10.83 mm Hg ( P = .0035). Thirteen patients (56.5%) met their blood pressure goal of <130/80 mm Hg in the prospective group, compared to 5 patients (20.8%) in the retrospective group ( P = .012). One adverse event occurred during this study. Limitations included small sample size and short duration of study. Conclusion: Patients had an average SBP lowering of >10 mm Hg. More patients reached a goal blood pressure of <130/80 mm Hg when managed by pharmacists.

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Integration of a Virtual Dispensing Simulator “MyDispense” in an Experiential Education Program to Prepare Students for Community Introductory Pharmacy Practice Experience

Pharmacy ◽

10.3390/pharmacy9010048 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 48

Author(s):

Ashley E. Johnson ◽

Jillian Barrack ◽

Jill M. Fitzgerald ◽

Diana M. Sobieraj ◽

Lisa M. Holle

Keyword(s):

Community Pharmacy ◽

Experiential Education ◽

Self Care ◽

Pharmacy Practice ◽

Pharmacy Education ◽

P Value ◽

Community Practice ◽

Practice Experience ◽

Group A ◽

Group B

Background: Technology is increasingly used to enhance pharmacy education. We sought to evaluate student learning and preparedness for community introductory pharmacy practice experiences (IPPEs) after implementation of “MyDispense” into experiential education. Methods: Both first-year pharmacy students and assigned community IPPE preceptors were eligible. Students were stratified based on previous community pharmacy experience (< or ≥ 50 h), then randomized to complete MyDispense exercises before IPPE (group A) or after 24–32 h of IPPE (group B). We evaluated preceptors’ assessment of student readiness using a 6-item Likert scale survey and students’ readiness and opinion of MyDispense using an anonymous 9-item survey. Descriptive statistics were used to characterize data. The Mann–Whitney U test was used to compare groups and a p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Of 177 eligible students, 155 were randomized and 56 completed study. Group A included 32 students; 56.3% had prior community practice experience. Group B included 24 students; 50% had prior community practice experience. Forty-eight preceptors were enrolled. Students who completed exercises before rotation received higher preceptor scores for patient counseling of self-care and of medications (p < 0.05 for both). Students self-assessed their counseling skills lower than all other skills; 30.4% and 42.9% of students felt mostly or always prepared to counsel for self-care and medications, respectively. Students found MyDispense straightforward, realistic, and appreciated the ability to practice in a safe, electronic, community pharmacy, patient-care environment. Conclusion: Simulation-based software, such as MyDispense, can enhance learner understanding of the prescription fill and counseling process in a community pharmacy practice setting.

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