Development of tolerance-based design optimization technology for the horizontal magnetized structure of acoustic vehicle alerting system

2021 ◽  
pp. 095440622110184
Author(s):  
Dong-shin Ko ◽  
Hyun-ju Lee ◽  
Deog-jae Hur
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Force ◽  
Impact Analysis ◽  
Plate Thickness ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Characteristic Change ◽  
Management Level ◽  
Alerting System ◽  
The Face ◽  
Multiple Variables ◽  
Face Centered

Noise generation for helping people recognize the driving status of vehicles at low speeds has become legalized with the spread of electric and hydrogen vehicles, which requires a virtual engine sound generator. Furthermore, these generators require a slim design for installation in the vehicle. Therefore, in this study, in order to examine the relationship between the design parameters of the horizontal magnetized structure for maintaining the electromagnetic force performance and minimizing the actuator thickness, an independent analysis using a single variable and an investigation of the characteristic change due to multiple variables were sequentially performed. With respect to factor analysis of multiple variables, a screening analysis for performance improvement factors and an impact analysis for effects were conducted using a full factorial design. To verify the nonlinear characteristics, the significance of the curvature effect was verified by adding a central point to the analytical points of view, and a nonlinear regression model of the prediction model was derived using the face-centered central composite design of the response surface methodology. Five design parameters were found to influence the electromagnetic force performance and thickness minimization in the horizontal magnetized structure: magnet thickness, magnet adapter thickness, plate thickness, yoke position, and yoke thickness. Furthermore, when the tolerance management level of the design in the manufacturing process of each design parameter was limited to 3σ, the confidence level was predicted to increase to the range of 98.69–99.73% for the electromagnetic force performance and to the range of 97.64–99.73% for thickness minimization

scholarly journals Development of Tolerance-Based Performance Prediction Technology and Optimization of Actuator Design Factors of a Magnet Vertical Magnetization of AVAS

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 2505
Author(s):  
Hyun-Ju Lee ◽  
Dong-Shin Ko ◽  
Deog-Jae Hur
Keyword(s):  
Permanent Magnet ◽  
Performance Prediction ◽  
Electromagnetic Force ◽  
Magnetic Circuit ◽  
Plate Thickness ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Alerting System ◽  
Multiple Variables ◽  
The Impact

With the increasing proliferation of electric and hydrogen vehicles, noises to recognize the driving status at low speeds are legalized, so a virtual engine sound generator is required, and slimming is required for packaging it in vehicles. This study investigates an optimization method for improving the electromagnetic force performance and slimming of the magnetic circuit for the permanent magnet structure for the vertical magnetization of the actuator for the acoustic vehicle alerting system (AVAS) of a vehicle and the probabilistic optimization of manufacturing tolerance management. To investigate the impact of the design parameters of the magnetic circuit structure on the electromagnetic force performance and slimming, we performed an independent analysis based on a single variable and investigated the characteristic variations based on multiple variables using a full factorial design and derived a performance prediction regression model using the central composite design of response surface methodology, including the curvature effect, by adding a center point to verify and consider the nonlinear characteristics. Consequently, four effective design parameters were determined to analyze the electromagnetic force performance and slimming of the vertical magnetization structure of the AVAS actuator—permanent magnet thickness, magnetic force collecting plate thickness, yoke position, and yoke thickness. We then performed statistical analysis using Monte Carlo simulation and proposed an optimization management level of 3σ with excellent process capability as the design application tolerance that can occur in the manufacturing process of each design parameter, whereby the confidence level of electromagnetic force performance and slimming improved from 99.46% to 99.73% and 97.62% to 99.73%, respectively.

A study of interface sliding at F.C.C.-B.C.C. boundaries in a Cu-Zn alloy

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 422-423
Author(s):  
F. Monchoux ◽  
A. Rocher ◽  
J.L. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Face Centered Cubic ◽  
Creep Tests ◽  
High Voltage Electron Microscopy ◽  
Diffusion Treatment ◽  
Voltage Electron ◽  
The Face ◽  
Face Centered ◽  
Interface Sliding ◽  
Zn Alloy ◽  
Made In

Interphase sliding is an important phenomenon of high temperature plasticity. In order to study the microstructural changes associated with it, as well as its influence on the strain rate dependence on stress and temperature, plane boundaries were obtained by welding together two polycrystals of Cu-Zn alloys having the face centered cubic and body centered cubic structures respectively following the procedure described in (1). These specimens were then deformed in shear along the interface on a creep machine (2) at the same temperature as that of the diffusion treatment so as to avoid any precipitation. The present paper reports observations by conventional and high voltage electron microscopy of the microstructure of both phases, in the vicinity of the phase boundary, after different creep tests corresponding to various deformation conditions.Foils were cut by spark machining out of the bulk samples, 0.2 mm thick. They were then electropolished down to 0.1 mm, after which a hole with thin edges was made in an area including the boundary

MINIMAL KNOTTING NUMBERS

2009 ◽  
Vol 18 (08) ◽  
pp. 1159-1173 ◽  
Author(s):  
CASEY MANN ◽  
JENNIFER MCLOUD-MANN ◽  
RAMONA RANALLI ◽  
NATHAN SMITH ◽  
BENJAMIN MCCARTY
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Computer Algorithm ◽  
Face Centered Cubic ◽  
Body Centered Cubic ◽  
Cubic Lattice ◽  
The Face ◽  
Face Centered ◽  
Body Centered Cubic Lattice

This article concerns the minimal knotting number for several types of lattices, including the face-centered cubic lattice (fcc), two variations of the body-centered cubic lattice (bcc-14 and bcc-8), and simple-hexagonal lattices (sh). We find, through the use of a computer algorithm, that the minimal knotting number in sh is 20, in fcc is 15, in bcc-14 is 13, and bcc-8 is 18.

Poisson's Ratio for Central-Force Polycrystals

1976 ◽  
Vol 31 (12) ◽  
pp. 1539-1542 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. M. Ledbetter
Keyword(s):  
Electron Energy ◽  
Poisson Ratio ◽  
The Body ◽  
Central Force ◽  
Face Centered Cubic ◽  
Polycrystalline Aggregate ◽  
Body Centered Cubic ◽  
The Face ◽  
Predicted Values ◽  
Face Centered

Abstract The Poisson ratio υ of a polycrystalline aggregate was calculated for both the face-centered cubic and the body-centered cubic cases. A general two-body central-force interatomatic potential was used. Deviations of υ from 0.25 were verified. A lower value of υ is predicted for the f.c.c. case than for the b.c.c. case. Observed values of υ for twenty-three cubic elements are discussed in terms of the predicted values. Effects of including volume-dependent electron-energy terms in the inter-atomic potential are discussed.

Collision analysis and safety evaluation using a collision model for the frontal robot–human impact

Robotica ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 33 (7) ◽  
pp. 1536-1550 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jung-Jun Park ◽  
Jae-Bok Song ◽  
Sami Haddadin
Keyword(s):  
Impact Analysis ◽  
Safety Evaluation ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Robot Arm ◽  
Collision Model ◽  
Crash Testing ◽  
Mass Spring ◽  
Head Neck ◽  
Significant Attention

SUMMARYThe safety analysis of human–robot collisions has recently drawn significant attention, as robots are increasingly used in human environments. In order to understand the potential injury a robot could cause in case of an impact, such incidents should be evaluated before designing a robot arm based on biomechanical safety criteria. In recent literature, such incidents have been investigated mostly by experimental crash-testing. However, experimental methods are expensive, and the design parameters of the robot arm are difficult to change instantly. In order to solve this issue, we propose a novel robot-human collision model consisting of a 6-degree-of-freedom mass-spring-damper system for impact analysis. Since the proposed robot-human consists of a head, neck, chest, and torso, the relative motion among these body parts can be analyzed. In this study, collision analysis of impacts to the head, neck, and chest at various collision speeds are conducted using the proposed collision model. Then, the degree of injury is estimated by using various biomechanical severity indices. The reliability of the proposed collision model is verified by comparing the obtained simulation results with experimental results from literature. Furthermore, the basic requirements for the design of safer robots are determined.

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