Head acceleration event metrics in youth contact sports more dependent on sport than level of play

2020 ◽  
pp. 095441192097081
Author(s):  
Taylor Lee ◽  
Roy Lycke ◽  
Joshua Auger ◽  
Jacob Music ◽  
Michael Dziekan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Middle School ◽  
School Level ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Head Acceleration ◽  
High School Football ◽  
High School Level ◽  
Contact Sports ◽  
Matlab Program

The goal of the study was to evaluate how repetitive head traumas sustained by athletes in contact sports depend on sport and level of play. A total of 16 middle school football players, 107 high school football players, and 65 high school female soccer players participated. Players were separated into levels of play: middle school (MS), freshman (FR), junior varsity (JV), junior varsity-varsity (JV-V), and varsity (V). xPatch sensors were used to measure peak translational and angular accelerations (PTA and PAA, respectively) for each head acceleration event (HAE) during practice and game sessions. Data were analyzed using a custom MATLAB program to compare metrics that have been correlated with functional neurological changes: session metrics (median HAEs per contact session), season metrics (total HAEs, cumulative PTA/PAA), and regressions (cumulative PTA/PAA versus total HAEs, total HAEs versus median HAEs per contact session). Football players had greater session ( p<.001) and season ( p<.001) metrics than soccer players, but soccer players had a significantly greater player average PAA per HAE than football players ( p<.001). Middle school football players had similar session and season metrics to high school level athletes. In conclusion, sport has a greater influence on HAE characteristics than level of play.

Head Impact Exposure in Youth Football: Middle School Ages 12–14 Years

2014 ◽  
Vol 136 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ray W. Daniel ◽  
Steven Rowson ◽  
Stefan M. Duma
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Middle School ◽  
Head Impact ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Head Acceleration ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Head Impacts ◽  
Football Helmet ◽  
Injury Criteria ◽  
Youth Football

The head impact exposure experienced by football players at the college and high school levels has been well documented; however, there are limited data regarding youth football despite its dramatically larger population. The objective of this study was to investigate head impact exposure in middle school football. Impacts were monitored using a commercially available accelerometer array installed inside the helmets of 17 players aged 12–14 years. A total of 4678 impacts were measured, with an average (±standard deviation) of 275 ± 190 impacts per player. The average of impact distributions for each player had a median impact of 22 ± 2 g and 954 ± 122 rad/s2, and a 95th percentile impact of 54 ± 9 g and 2525 ± 450 rad/s2. Similar to the head impact exposure experienced by high school and collegiate players, these data show that middle school football players experience a greater number of head impacts during games than practices. There were no significant differences between median and 95th percentile head acceleration magnitudes experienced during games and practices; however, a larger number of impacts greater than 80 g occurred during games than during practices. Impacts to the front and back of the helmet were most common. Overall, these data are similar to high school and college data that have been collected using similar methods. These data have applications toward youth football helmet design, the development of strategies designed to limit head impact exposure, and child-specific brain injury criteria.

Using the Telephone Book as a Source of Mathematical Activity

1997 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 234-238
Author(s):  
Marian S. Small
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Middle School ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
School Level ◽  
Mathematical Activity ◽  
High School Level ◽  
Mathematical Concepts ◽  
Good Place ◽  
Junior High School Level

Are you a grade 6-9 teacher looking for easily accessible data to support your attempts to teach using a problem-solving approach? An old telephone book may be a good place to start. The ideas suggested in this article present some starting points for using the telephone book and telephone numbers at the middle school and junior high school level to develop a variety of mathematical concepts and skills.

scholarly journals ARTHROSCOPIC SHOULDER STABILIZATION IN HIGH SCHOOL FOOTBALL PLAYERS: RECURRENT INSTABILITY WITH RETURN TO CONTACT SPORT

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4_suppl3) ◽  
pp. 2325967120S0024
Author(s):  
Jessica Stambaugh ◽  
Eric Edmonds ◽  
Andrew Pennock
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Shoulder Instability ◽  
Shoulder Arthroscopy ◽  
Football Players ◽  
High School Football ◽  
Shoulder Stabilization ◽  
Recurrent Instability ◽  
Contact Sports ◽  
Arthroscopic Shoulder Stabilization ◽  
Chi Square Analysis

Background: The etiology of recurrent shoulder instability after arthroscopic surgery in the high school American football population remains unknown. Purpose/Hypothesis: To determine the risk of recurrent instability after shoulder arthroscopy upon return to competitive football. The hypothesis was that the rate of recurrence would be greater in high school players with more years of eligibility remaining (YER), suggesting greater likelihood of return to football after surgery. Methods: Consecutive male high school football players with at least one year of eligibility remaining who sustained traumatic in-season shoulder instability episode(s) and underwent arthroscopic labral stabilization by two Orthopaedic Sports surgeons at Rady Children’s Hospital San Diego between 2012 and 2017 were identified. 64 subjects aged 14-17 met inclusion criteria of which 45 were able to be contacted and included in analyses. Average follow up period was 4.06 years. Patients and/or families were contacted by phone to discuss (1) recurrent instability episodes and (2) return to competitive sport and/or recreational athletic activity. Statistics were conducted using chi square analysis to compare recurrence of instability with return to sport. Results: Surgery itself was career ending in 50% of cases due to reported fear of recurrent football-related injury. The hypothesis that career longevity in terms of years of eligibility remaining (YER) affects return to game play in this young active population remains unclear although preliminary results suggest positive exponential correlation. Comparative analysis demonstrates a statistically significant difference between rate of recurrence in high school football players that return to contact sports vs transition to non-contact activity after arthroscopic shoulder stabilization. Interestingly, football players who concurrently played baseball during high school demonstrated decreased risk of postoperative instability episodes. Conclusion: Risk of recurrent instability after shoulder arthroscopy is increased in high school football players who return to competitive contact sports whereas transition to non-contact and/or recreational activity likely confers protective effect. High school football players who play baseball may derive functional benefit from cross training. [Figure: see text]

scholarly journals A Comparison of Bullying in Four Rural Middle and High Schools

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jody Isernhagen ◽  
Sandra Harris
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Middle School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
High Schools ◽  
Rural School ◽  
School Level ◽  
High School Level ◽  
School Students ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
School Settings

Bullying in rural school settings is clearly a problem and some of our students are suffering as a result.. Bullying is defined in this study of 819 rural middle and high school students as when a student is exposed repeatedly to negative actions by one or more other students. Students responded to a questionnaire about how often and where bullying occurred and who students told. Analysis of the data reported frequencies, and the Pearson chi-square was used to test for significance (p <.05) for gender and school level. Results indicated that while there are many similarities, there are some differences in bullying at these two levels that should be considered when reducing bullying. First, students should be encouraged to develop positive strategies to react to name calling and teasing particularly at the middle school level. Second, administrators and teachers must communicate better with students that they care about reducing bullying, especially at the high school level.  

scholarly journals Are Nutrition Standards for Beverages in Schools Associated with Healthier Beverage Intakes among Adolescents in the US?

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Jamie F. Chriqui ◽  
Julien Leider ◽  
Juliana F. W. Cohen ◽  
Marlene Schwartz ◽  
Lindsey Turner
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Middle School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Middle School Students ◽  
Secondary School Student ◽  
School Nutrition ◽  
School Level ◽  
High School Level ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cost Study

Under the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s Smart Snacks in School standards, beverages sold in schools are restricted to water, flavored or unflavored non-fat milk or unflavored low-fat milk (and milk alternatives), and 100% fruit and vegetable juices; and, at the high school level, diet (≤10 kcal), low-calorie (≤60 kcal), and caffeinated beverages may also be sold. Using data from the School Nutrition and Meal Cost Study, this study examined whether secondary school student beverage consumption was associated with school-level à la carte and vending machine beverage availability, controlling for district, school, and student characteristics. On average, most beverages sold in middle schools (84.54%) and high schools (74.11%) were Smart Snacks compliant; while 24.06 percent of middle school students and 14.64 percent of high school students reported consuming non-compliant beverages, including non-compliant milk, fruit drinks, and sports or energy drinks. School beverage availability was not related to consumption among middle school students; however, high school students were less likely to consume non-compliant beverages when enrolled in schools that sold a higher proportion of compliant beverages (Range: OR = 0.97–0.98, 95% CI = 0.95, 1.00). Findings from this study build upon prior research illustrating the role that schools can play in influencing student dietary intake.

It’s All We’ve Got

2019 ◽  
pp. 159-180
Author(s):  
Kathleen Bachynski
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
High School ◽  
Media Coverage ◽  
School Level ◽  
High School Football ◽  
High School Level ◽  
Professional Career ◽  
African American Athletes ◽  
Tackle Football ◽  
Perceived Access

Increased media coverage of college and professional college shaped beliefs about the benefits and risks of youth football. The importance attributed to high school football in schools and communities contributed to the expansion of football at the little league level. Football among elementary and middle school children increasingly served as a feeder system for the high school level of play. In addition, the appeal of future access to social and financial resources, including the hope of landing a college football scholarship and a potential professional career, became increasingly prominent in the latter half the twentieth century. The possibility of accessing higher education through football influenced how parents and players weighed the risks and benefits of the sport at the high school level and younger. The ways football improved perceived access to higher social standing and higher education contributed in part to the changing racial demographics of tackle football, particularly with the increasing involvement of African American athletes. Meanwhile, sportscasters’ glorification of “big hits” fostered celebration of football’s dangers even as sports organizers claimed both educational and physical benefits for the youth sport.

scholarly journals Introducing Engineering At The Middle School And High School Level

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald Orlich ◽  
William Thomson ◽  
Richard Zollars
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Middle School ◽  
School Level ◽  
High School Level

scholarly journals Implementasi Kebijakan Sistem Zonasi pada Penerimaan Peserta Didik Baru di Sekolah Menegah Pertama Kabupaten Langkat

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 162
Author(s):  
Candra Wijaya ◽  
Ahmad Fuadi ◽  
Syahrul Hasibuan
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Middle School ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
Junior High ◽  
School Curriculum ◽  
School Level ◽  
High School Level ◽  
Middle School Curriculum ◽  
Junior High School Level ◽  
New Student

To overcome the problem of education quality, the government issued a zoning system policy on New Student Admissions. This study aims to described the implementation of zoning system policies and constraints faced in implemented the new student admission zoning system policy at the junior high school level in Langkat District. This study used a qualitative approach with a case study method. The subjects of this study were the Middle School Curriculum Head, Middle School Curriculum Staff, Head of Elementary Education, Deputy Head of Student Affairs, Deputy Principal The technique of collecting data used observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of the study are as follows: (1) The implementation of the zoning system in the PPDB at the junior high school level in Langkat District has been carried out for two years aimed at equitable distribution of quality education in schools in the Langkat Regency, so far the implementation of the zoning system in Langkat has been effective because the potential of students begins to be evenly distributed in the Langkat Regency. (2) The constraints faced in the implementation of the zoning system are the lack of understanding of the zoning of the socialization of the zoning system because of the different backgrounds of parental   education. Efforts are made to overcome these obstacles, namely  to disseminate the zoning system early as clearly as possible.

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