Fuel poverty and rebound effect in South Korea: An estimation for home appliances using the modified regression model

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (7) ◽  
pp. 1147-1166
Author(s):  
Sang-Hyeon Jin
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Rebound Effect ◽  
Oil Shocks ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Rebound Effects ◽  
Home Appliances ◽  
Low Income Families ◽  
Low Income Households

Since the occurrence of oil shocks in the 1970s, a number of countries have introduced fuel poverty programs. However, rebound effects could be problematic even in these programs. In particular, there are two controversies surrounding rebound effects: the magnitude of rebound effects and the influence of income on these effects. This study attempts to resolve these issues by empirically estimating the rebound effects of individual home appliances for low-income households. Thereafter, it compares the rebound effects for low-income families with those for all-income families. Analyses results suggest that the magnitude of rebound effects highly depends on individual home appliances, and that these effects are usually larger for low-income households. Thus, the differences in rebound effects between all-income and low-income households also depend on individual appliances. Therefore, policy-makers should meticulously consider the rebound effects of individual home appliances when planning energy efficiency programs.

Food Stamp Program Effects on Availability Of Food Nutrients for Low Income Families In the Southern Region of the United States

1979 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Keith Scearce ◽  
Robert B. Jensen
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Low Income ◽  
The United States ◽  
Southern Region ◽  
Food Stamp ◽  
Food Stamp Program ◽  
Nutritional Improvement ◽  
Program Effects ◽  
Low Income Families ◽  
Low Income Households

The food stamp program, as enacted into law in 1964, was intended to improve the diet of low income households, but whether the program resulted in a nutritional improvement remains a controversial question. Several studies have evaluated the nutritional impact of the food stamp program on participant households. In general, the study findings do not conclusively resolve the question of nutritional improvement for participant families. Studies of California families showed some nutritional improvements among food stamp recipients in comparison with nonrecipients [7, 8]. A study in Pennsylvania showed no nutritional improvements, except in temporary periods of cash shortage [9].

scholarly journals Selected Socioeconomic Characteristics of Waste Collector Children in Dhaka City

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Saeed Hossain ◽  
Md. Mahmudul Alam ◽  
Niaz Ahmed Khan
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Dhaka City ◽  
Socioeconomic Conditions ◽  
Waste Collection ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Vulnerable Group ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Socioeconomic Characteristics ◽  
Low Income Families ◽  
The City

Generally in the city areas of developing countries, children from the poor and low income families are involved in a range of risky, unhealthy, and environmentally hazardous economic activities and trades. One of these common activities concerns collecting recyclable waste form the street or landfill areas. To understand the socioeconomic characteristics of these waste collector children, this study collected data from fifty children who engaged in waste collection in the landfill of Matuail in Dhaka City, Bangladesh. The data were collected by questionnaire guide, and the samples were selected based on convenient random sampling. This study analyses the socioeconomic conditions of these waste collector children by focussing on such characteristics as their demographic profile, economic affiliation, and nature of the waste collection task. This empirical study may inform and illuminate the relevant policy makers and field activists in widening their understanding of the life and living of this vulnerable group.

scholarly journals Affordability of Heathy, Equitable and More Sustainable Diets in Low-Income Households in Brisbane before and during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 4386
Author(s):  
Amanda J. Lee ◽  
Dori Patay ◽  
Lisa-Maree Herron ◽  
Ru Chyi Tan ◽  
Evelyn Nicoll ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Minimum Wage ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Sustainable Diets ◽  
Cost Differential ◽  
Low Income Families ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Low Income Households

The COVID-19 pandemic has increased food insecurity worldwide, yet there has been limited assessment of shifts in the cost and affordability of healthy, equitable and sustainable diets. This study explores the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and income supplements provided by the Australian government on diet cost and affordability for low-income households in an Australian urban area. The Healthy Diets ASAP method protocol was applied to assess the cost and cost differential of current and recommended diets before (in 2019) and during the COVID-19 pandemic (late 2020) for households with a minimum-wage and welfare-only disposable household income, by area of socioeconomic disadvantage, in Greater Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. Data were collected between August and October, 2020, from 78 food outlets and compared with data collected in the same locations between May and October, 2019, in an earlier study. The price of most healthy food groups increased significantly during the pandemic—with the exception of vegetables and legumes, which decreased. Conversely, the price of discretionary foods and drinks did not increase during the pandemic. The cost of the current and recommended diets significantly increased throughout this period, but the latter continued to be less expensive than the former. Due to income supplements provided between May and September 2020, the affordability of the recommended diet improved greatly, by 27% and 42%, for households with minimum-wage and welfare-only disposable household income, respectively. This improvement in the affordability of the recommended diet highlights the need to permanently increase welfare support for low-income families to ensure food security.

scholarly journals How Much of Children’s Time in Nonparental Care Coincides with Their Parents’ Time at Work?

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 237802311989484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa A. Gennetian ◽  
A. Rupa Datta ◽  
Robert Goerge ◽  
Wladimir Zanoni ◽  
Richard Brandon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Publicly Funded ◽  
Work Time ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Parental Employment ◽  
School Day ◽  
Low Income Families ◽  
Parental Work ◽  
Potential Shifts

Nonparental care (NPC) for children before they enter kindergarten has had two primary purposes for American families since the start of the twentieth century: supporting parental employment and providing children developmentally enriching out-of-home experiences. Today’s policy makers are increasingly expanding publicly funded opportunities for children in low-income families to experience center-based care. Yet parents’ work commitments often occur on evenings, weekends, and other times outside of the traditional school day. Understanding parental work schedules vis-à-vis NPC timing is essential to informing public expansions of accessible and affordable nonparental care options. Using a 7-day calendar from the 2012 National Survey of Early Care and Education, the authors uncover new patterns in the temporal synchronization of parental work and children’s time in various NPC settings and for households of varying incomes. Across all income groups and types of care, center-based care overlaps least with parental work hours. Children living in poverty have the lowest rates of NPC occurring during parental work time. The uncoupling of parental work status from children’s time in nonparental care suggests potential shifts in parents’ choices to expose children to care settings for the purpose of children’s development.

scholarly journals Energy Justice Through Solar: Constructing and Engaging Low-Income Households

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yutong Si ◽  
Jennie C. Stephens
Keyword(s):  
Social Construction ◽  
Public Participation ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Policy Process ◽  
Political Power ◽  
State Level ◽  
Policy Outcomes ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Target Populations ◽  
Low Income Households

Minimal research has assessed the policy process of developing solar programs at the state level, and no research yet has investigated how these policies characterize and engage with the target populations they are designed to benefit. Grounded in Schneider and Ingram's social construction framework (SCF) and applying computational methods (i.e., text analysis and machine learning), this research examines how low-income households are socially constructed in policy provisions, how their social construction has been reinforced through public participation, and how to classify low-income households among target populations. Based on the case of Massachusetts, this research analyzes the 2020 Solar Massachusetts Renewable Target (SMART) Emergency Regulation as well as its public comments. We find that low-income households constitute a visible target group of this program and their characterizations as “deserving policy benefits” are positively constructed by policy makers. Furthermore, the conveyed messages and attitudes regarding the assigned benefits to low-income households have been reinforced through public participation. Despite this advantageous positive construction, low-income households have less political power (i.e., measured by topic prevalence in the public comments) than other target groups such as large corporations (e.g., solar developers or solar installers) and less ability to participate or be represented in the policy process, making their voices less likely to be heard by policy makers. With positive social construction but weaker political power, low-income households fall into the category of “dependents” instead of “advantaged,” which may engender undesirable policy outcomes minimizing the intended long-term benefits of the policies to low-income households. This research reveals procedural injustices in energy policies and highlights the importance of more inclusive policy-making process, while also offering a novel theoretical lens to understand the rationale and dynamics of developing solar statutes targeting low-income households.

Energy Costs, Residential Mobility, and Segregation in a Shrinking City

2014 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 14-24
Author(s):  
Katrin Großmann ◽  
Johan Buchholz ◽  
Carsten Buchmann ◽  
Christoph Hedtke ◽  
Carolin Höhnke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Residential Segregation ◽  
Residential Mobility ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Housing Stock ◽  
Location Decisions ◽  
Energy Costs ◽  
Poor Households ◽  
Shrinking City ◽  
Low Income Households

In debates related to energy poverty, the link to questions of residential segregation remains somewhat peripheral. Because, usually, only energy-poor households are at the focus and residential mobility is not addressed, the interdependencies between households’ energy costs and the residential segregation of cities remain out of sight. Concern that energy efficiency measures could foster socio-spatial segregation in cities has recently emerged in Germany. If only households with higher incomes can afford housing with high energy efficiency standards, whereas low income households tend to choose non-refurbished but, in sum, more affordable housing stock, an increasing concentration of poor households in poor housing conditions would result. German energy efficiency and CO2 reduction policies are relatively insensitive to such questions. Using survey data from a small shrinking city in Germany, we explore how energy costs are interrelated with residential location decisions and, thus, with segregation processes and patterns. Shrinking cities represent an interesting case because, here, a decreasing demand for housing stimulates residential mobility and paves the way for dynamic reconfigurations of socio-spatial patterns. We found that energy-related aspects of homes play a role in location decisions. Low income households seek to minimize housing costs in general, paying specific attention to heating systems, thermal insulation and costs. Resulting segregation effects depend very much on where affordable and, at the same time, energy-efficient housing stock is spatially concentrated in cities. These findings should be taken into consideration for future policies on energy in existing dwellings.

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